Amy DaschleLeader Biography

MGMT671

Biography (Part 1)• Rolihlahla Mandela ("Nelson") born July 1918 in Madiba Clan• 1940s became politically active; joined African National Congress; helped form ANC

Youth League (ANCYL)• 1944: Married, two sons; rose through ranks of ANCYL developing "radical mass-

based policy" called "Programme of Action" – Charged under the "Suppression of the Communism Act“; sentenced to prison and hard labor

– BA in law and opened own practice

• 1958: Tried and acquitted for Treason; married Winnie Madikizela, two daughters; divorced forty years later.

• Adopted secret name, traveled around Africa and England to support for the "armed struggle“; received military training in Morocco and Ethiopia.

Biography (Part 2)• 1962: Returned to South Africa, arrested for illegally leaving country and

sentenced to imprisonment at infamous Robben Island; put on trial again. – Facing the death penalty famously said, "I have fought against white domination, and I have

fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”

– Unstoppable vision for apartheid and change; initiated talks with government and ANC.

• Released February 1990, nearly two decades later

• 1991 elected ANC President.

• 1993 Nobel Peace Prize

• 1994: voted for first time and elected South Africa's first democratically elected President

– 80th birthday married third wife, Graca Machel– Served one term, focused on two foundations and Children's Fund

• The Nelson Mandela Organization: "Nelson Mandela never wavered in his devotion to democracy, equality and learning. Despite terrible provocation, he never answered racism with racism. His life has been an inspiration to all who are oppressed and deprived; to all who are opposed to oppression and deprivation."

Accomplishments

• Received over 1000 awards over his lifetime– Nobel Peace Prize– Presidential Medal of Freedom– Olympic Gold Order– Numerous citizenships across the world– Numerous honorary degrees– Nuclear particle naming: “Mandela Particle”

Four Domains• Work / Career:

– President, Visionary, Activist

• Community:– Closely connected to his career

• Home / Family:– Wife, Children, Grandchildren– Example of peace, forgiveness, fight for civil rights

• Self:– Meditation

• “At least, if for nothing else, the cell gives you the opportunity to look daily into your entire conduct to overcome the bad and develop whatever is good in you. Regular meditation, say of about 15 minutes a day before you turn in, can be fruitful in this regard.”

• Study of patience, love, tolerance, self-improvement

• Definition of true freedom is inner freedom.

InvictusBy William Ernest Henley

Out of the night that covers me,      Black as the pit from pole to pole,

I thank whatever gods may be      For my unconquerable soul.

In the fell clutch of circumstance      I have not winced nor cried aloud.

Under the bludgeonings of chance      My head is bloody, but unbowed.

Beyond this place of wrath and tears      Looms but the Horror of the shade,

And yet the menace of the years      Finds and shall find me unafraid.

It matters not how strait the gate,      How charged with punishments the scroll,

I am the master of my fate,      I am the captain of my soul.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oIKqeZWjis