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European Parliament, Development Committee, 18 December 2013 Geert Laporte, Deputy Director, European Centre for Development Policy Management
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Sharing EU experiences in the
management of transition processes
European Parliament, Development Committee, 18 December 2013
Geert Laporte, Deputy Director, European Centre for Development Policy Management
1. What is ECDPM?2. The new Post 2015 global
development agenda3. Risk of one sided perspective on
structural transformation4. EU building blocks in support of
transition processes5. Implementation challenges
Structure of presentation
Page 2
1. Independent “think and do tank” on European international cooperation with particular focus on EU-Africa and EU-ACP
2. Non-partisan facilitation of dialogue 3. Practical and policy relevant analysis4. Strong networks of expertise and
partnerships
ECDPM
Page 3
•Focus on “structural transformation”•Country-led reforms largely based on mobilising domestic resources (“beyond aid”)•“Inclusive growth” and “inclusive development” as new buzz words in development jargon•A more political approach to development
Post MDG/2015 Global Development Agenda
Page 4
• In many African formal declarations: exclusive focus on economic growth
• Assumption that growth will automatically lead to redistribution of wealth and development while inequality is growing
• Showcases of “developmental states” with strong economic growth but with authoritarian political regimes
Risk of one-sided interpretation of structural transformation
Page 5
• Democratisation= EU core value in its external action…
• …but… democratic transition does not automatically lead to democratic consolidation
• Many developing countries adopt the formal attributes of democracy (elections, some political space for opposition, etc) but …
• …with major democratic deficits (low levels of political participation, abuse of the law, etc)
Is democratisation part of the structural transformation agenda?
Page 6
• Christine Lagarde (IMF): “A more equal distribution of income allows for more economic stability, more sustained economic growth and healthier societies with stronger bonds of cohesion and trust.”
• World Economic Forum: “Economic disparity is a major global risk for the next years”
• Inclusive development/structural transformation/ transition IS NOT A TECHNOCRATIC EXERCISE BUT HIGHLY POLITICAL!
The political nature of inclusive development & transition
Page 7
• Wealth of transition experiences of (Eastern) European countries
• October 2012 Communication on EU support for sustainable change in transition countries
Can the EU play a useful role in transition processes in developing countries?
Page 8
1)Transformation must be country led 2)EU transition focus= inclusiveness, governance, institution building, rule of law, economic and social development, conflict prevention, peace building and security etc3)Responding to the needs of partner societies: involvement of all relevant stakeholders, knowledge sharing, coordination, etcSophisticated policies but major implementation challenges!
EU building blocks in support of transition processes
Page 9
1)Transition is a domestic process: need to embed support in local realities and dynamics of change2)Avoid normative approaches: focus on what is desirable and feasible instead of dreaming up “ideal world”3)Avoid supply driven approaches (“copying” of European models)4)Look beyond the formal expressions of transition and reforms (eg Mali as “donor darling”)
Implementation challenges (1) Start from specific country realities
Page 10
1)Reforms cannot be bought by external agencies with development aid!2)Systematically assess the political economy of the reform processes (interests, power relations, and incentives of the various domestic actors to change…)
Implementation challenges (2) Look for smart incentives
Page 11
1)EU and member states can share a wealth of lessons of experience with transition2)Translate interesting EU reform experiences into developing countries realities 3)Further refine EU’s “comparative advantage” as social inclusiveness (attractive to developing countries)
Implementation challenge (3)Innovate ways to exchange knowledge
Page 12
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