ByMrs.Worawan Rueangpayoongsak

in Fundamental English 3 (En 32101)

M. 5/1 – 5/5

Foreign Languages Department

Active & Passive

Active Voice คือ ประโยคธรรมดาท่ีเราใชพู้ดกันSub.+ V. + Obj. or Modifier

• Passive Voice คือประโยคท่ีเน้นวา่ประธานถกูกระทำา

• รูปแบบของ Passive คือ Sub. + V.to be + V.3

• V. to be สามารถเป็นได้ตาม Tense ต่างๆวา่ถกูกระทำาชว่งเวลาใด

Present Simple (ถกูกระทำาในปัจจุบนั)is/ am/ are + V.3

Example : Active : Mary writes a letter today. Passive : A letter is written by Mary today.

Past Simple (ถกูกระทำาในอดีต)was/ were + V.3

Example : Active : Mary wrote a letter last night. Passive : A letter was written by Mary last night.

Present Perfect ( ถกูทำาลงไปแล้วแต่ไมไ่ด้ระบุเวลา หรอื ถกูทำา

เรื่อยมาจนถึงปัจจุบนั)has/ have + been + V3

Example :Active : Mary has just written a letter.Passive : A letter has been just written by Mary. Active : Mary has written a letter for 1 hour.Passive : A letter has been written by Mary for 1 hour.

Present Continuous (กำาลังถกูกระทำาในปัจจุบนั)

is/ am/ are + being + V.3

Example :Active : Mary is writing a letter now.Passive : A letter is being written by Mary now.

Past Continuous (กำาลังถกูกระทำาในอดีต)

was/ were + being + V.3

Example :Active : Mary was writing a letter at 9 pm. Last night.Passive : A letter was being written by Mary at 9 pm. last night.

Future Simple (ถกูกระทำาในอนาคต)will/ shall + be + V.3

Example : Active : Mary will write a letter tomorrow. Passive : A letter will be written by Mary tomorrow.

สำาหรบั กรยิาชว่ยตัวอ่ืนๆก็ทำาได้เหมอืนรูปแบบ will/ shall เชน่กัน เชน่

can, may, must, should, ought, need, dare etc. เชน่Active : Mary can write a letter .Passive : A letter can be written by Mary.

ขอ้ควรสงัเกต ถ้าประธานเป็น They / someone /anyone/ somebody/ everybody etc.

เมื่อเป็นประโยค Passive ไมต้่องใช้ by เพราะไมไ่ด้ระบุแน่นอนวา่ใครเป็นผู้กระทำา

Example : Active : They hit the tennis balls at the court.Passive : The tennis balls are hit at the court.( ไมไ่ด้ระบุชดัเจนวา่ they เป็นใคร)

Practice the exercise.Change the active sentences into the passive sentences.

1. I read a book every day. …………………………………………………………………….2. He will send the e-mail in the evening. ……………………………………………………………………………..3. Sam has repaired the door since 9 am. ……………………………………………………………………………...

4. They are playing football in the field now. …………………………………………………………………………..5. She was cleaning a toilet at 10 am. last Saturday. …………………………………………………………………………..6. Our company sends the parcels to the clients once a week. ………………………………………………………………………………………….7. The horse kicked the naughty boy yesterday evening. …………………………………………………………………………………………..8. I will order pizza tomorrow. …………………………………………………………………………………………..9. We speak English every day. …………………………………………………………………………………..........10. Ben likes coffee and tea. ………………………………………………………………………………............

Keys1. A book is read by me every day.2. The e-mail will be sent by him in the evening.3. The door has been repaired by Sam since 9 am.4. Football is being played in the field now.5. A toilet was being cleaned by her at 10 am. last Saturday.6. The parcels to the clients were sent by our company once a week.7. The naughty boy was kicked by the horse yesterday evening.8. Pizza will be ordered by me tomorrow.9. English is spoken by us every day.10. Coffee and tea are liked by Ben.