ARTIFICIAL BRAIN

UNDER SUPERVISION OF :-

Mr. Sharad Maheshwari

By:-

NITISH RANJAN

By:-

(1109013033)

s

CONTENTSIntroduction

Approaches UsedRecent Development

Blue Brain ProjectCAM Brain Machine

Human Brain Vs Cam Brain

Overall ConfigurationNeed

Advantages & Disadvantages

ConclusionReference

What is Artificial Brain ?

Artificial brain (or artificial mind)  is  a  term  commonly used  in  the  media to describe research that aims to  develop  software  and hardware  with  cognitive abilities  similar  to  those  of the animal or human brain.

Idea plays three important role in science An ongoing attempt by the

neuroscientist to understand how the human brain works.

A thought experiment in the philosophy of artificial intelligence , demonstrating that it is possible, in theory, to create a machine that has all the capabilities of a human being.

A serious long term project to create strong AI (a machine as intelligent as a human being).

Different Approaches Used For Artificial Brain

Artificial neurons on a parallel platform, such as e.g. the CAM Brain Machine.

Holographic Neural Technology (HNT) non linear phase coherence/de -coherence principles.

RECENT DEVELOPMENT

In November 2008, IBM received a $4.9 million grant from the Pentagon for research into creating

intelligent computers.

A network of artificial nerves is growing in a Swiss supercomputer meant to simulate a

natural brain, cell-for-cell. The researchers at work on "Blue Brain" promise new insights into

the sources of human consciousness.

BLUE BRAIN PROJECTThe Blue Brain Project is an attempt to create a synthetic brain by reverse-engineering the mammalian brain down to the molecular level. The aim of the project, founded in May 2005 by the Brain and Mind Institute of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland, is to study the brain's architectural and functional principles.

The process will involve building a Blue Gene supercomputer with 8,000 processors that can roar along at 23 trillion operations per second. Each processor will be used to simulate one or two neurons. If finished immediately, the machine would be one of the five fastest supercomputers in the world.

The CAM – Brain Machine (CBM)

A research tool of an artificial brain

Consists of approx. 40,000 neural modules

Neural modules evolves in hardware using Genetic Algorithms

HUMAN BRAIN

A network of 1014 neurons

Data transfer by electric signals

Dendrite cells (neurons Input):- Collect signals and pass them to the neuron

Neurons:- “Decide” when to initiate a signal

Axon cells (neurons Output) :- Propagate neuron signals

Human Brain Vs CAM Brain

1014 Neurons 4*107Neurons

Speed: 100+ M./sec Approx. speed. Of light

Natural Evolution “Designable”

Artificial Brain System – Overall Configuration

Auditory ModuleVision Module

Service Module(Agent)

Knowledge-BaseKnowledge-Base

Stereo-Camera

Stereo-Microphone

Speaker

FaceRecognition

FaceRecognition

ExpressionRecognition

ExpressionRecognition Object

Recognition

ObjectRecognition

Speech Separation

Speech SeparationSound

Localization

Sound Localization

SpeechRecognition

SpeechRecognition

SpeakerRecognition

SpeakerRecognition

AttentionArea

AttentionArea

ResponseSentence Generation

ResponseSentence Generation Context

Analysis

Context Analysis

DialogManager

DialogManager

Robot HeadMovement

TCP/IP

Text-to-Speech

Text-to-Speech Robot ControlRobot Control

Need Of Artificial Brain

We have achieved a great development of computer technologies, but the ability of machines is limited to simple tasks which require human beings have to order what to do.

We lack the specific and concrete algorithms to solve practical problems in the real world.

A human brain is the best model in solving practical problems in the real world, and we came up with neural networks based on the human neural information processing.

Advantages:- Remembering things without any effort.

Making decision without the presence of a person.

Using intelligence of a person after the death .

Understanding the activities of animals . Allowing the deaf to hear via direct nerve stimulation.

Disadvantages:- We become dependent upon the computer .

Others may use technical knowledge against us.

Another fear is found with respect to human cloning.

A very costly procedure of regaining the memory back.

CONCLUSION We will be able to transfer ourselves into computers at some

point.

It will bring both benefits and harm to human society .

Eventually aim of applying terrific computer power to the simulation of an entire brain.

Very soon this technology will be highly accepted whole over the world.

REFERENCEI. http://www.artificialbrains.comII. http://www.dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=591856III. http://www.wikipedia.org IV. http://www.bluebrain.epfl.chV. http://www.kurzweilai.net