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Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer M.S.U.www.HABSPHOTO.com
USC July 23, 2011
H3
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HHABS H HAER H HALS
HABS-CA-48, March 1934 HABS-CA-2830, March 2010
ABSABS AERAER ALSALSPhotographic Documentation of Historic Resources
HH3
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Historic American Buildings Survey 1933Historic American Engineering Record 1969Historic American Landscape Survey 2000
What’s HABS HAER & HALS (HWhat’s HABS HAER & HALS (H33)
The National Park Service Documentation Programs at the Library of Congress
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HABS HAER & HALS PhotographyLarge Format 5x7 or 4x5 inch
Large Format Film Perspective Correction & Levels
Best ResolutionArchival Stability
“Truthi-est” Perspective
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HH3
SurveysHave Multiple
Parts
A. Written History
B. Measured Drawings (Plans)
C. Large-Format archival B&W film photographs(field photos & copies of historic prints and plans)
Plus Field Notes, Sketch Maps, GPS, & Color Photos
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HH3
DocumentationHas Three
Levels
I. Full Monty ( Full written historic report, measured drawings, copies of historic photos & plans and detailed large format field photos)
II. Detailed field photos & full written report
III. General field photos & general written report
I, II & III
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comStephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Why take the ugliest photo of the Kaufmann House?
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaD
MATERIALS
DESIGN
FEELING
LOCATION
ASSOCIATION
WORKMANSHIP
SETTING
FLAWS
The 7
Aspects ofIntegrity
(MaD FLAWS)
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
aMMATERIALS
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDaDDESIGNFLAWS
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
D
LFFEELING
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
F
ALLOCATION
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
L
WAASSOCIATION
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
A
SWWORKMANSHIP
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MaDFLAWS
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
WSSETTING
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comStephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MAX DATA
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Adds perspective distortion
TiltedCamera
Film and lens@ angle to Building
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Perspective straightened
LeveledCamera
Film and lensparallel to Building
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
LeveledCamera
Lens raised & parallel to
Building
Perspective corrected
Building distortion from digital camera angled up
Building distortion corrected in PHOTOSHOP
Building distortion corrected in CAMERA
Building distortion corrected in PHOTOSHOP
Building distortion corrected in CAMERA
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comWide angle perspective
What Lens?Wide Angle?Telephoto?
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comStephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comPerspective compressed with telephoto lens
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Use the most“NORMAL”
lens angle possible
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comStephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Wide Anglesare necessary
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
What if wide angle lenses aren’t wide enough?
Multi-part panoramas with overlap
Context
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Near Context
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Overall
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Overall
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Detail
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Detail
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
What order?Context > Overall > Details > Interiors > Interior Detail
CONTEXT
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Context > Overall > Details > Interiors > Interior Detail
What order? Interior Detail
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
NASA AMES RESEARCH - 7’ x 10’ Wind Tunnel #2 HAER Documentation - October 2010
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Secretary of the Interior's Standardsfor Architectural and Engineering Documentation
Standard I. Documentation Shall Adequately Explicate and Illustrate What is
Significant...
Standard II. Documentation Shall be Prepared Accurately From Reliable Sources...
Standard III. Documentation Shall be Prepared on Materials That are Readily
Reproducible, Durable and in Standard Sizes.
Standard IV. Documentation Shall be Clearly and Concisely Produced...
...legible and understandable, and... must contain scale information and location
references.
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
5x7 = 35 square inches
35mm = 1.5 square inches
Large format B&W film is silver on polyester
Size does matter
Size = ResolutionStable 500+ years
More durable – heavier film baseSheets of film easier to handle, label & catalog
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HH3
Deliverables
HH3 Now accepts digital PRINTS
Archival Negativesin Buffered Envelopes&Traditional Fiber MountCards “Corner Cut”orArchival Fiber DigitalMount Cards&Field Notes & Maps
HH3
DeliverablesField Notes & Sketch Maps
How Long does it take?
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
PROCESS FILMLIGHT
FILM NEGATIVE IS STORAGE MEDIA
DUPLICATION &
DIGITIZATIONFOR
ACCESS&
BACKUP
RESCAN FILM IF BACKUP FAILS
DUPLICATION
DIGITIZATION
FILMCAMERA
OPTIONAL
Built-in Redundancy
Standard III. Documentation Shall be Prepared on Materials That are ReadilyReproducible, Durable and in Standard Sizes.
Digital data must be preserved & sustainable
• Seek data resiliency – Known error rate of file formats
• Minimize media degradation – Bit-Rot
• Predict required migration – File formats change
• Widespread adoption of media, standards & availability
• of software/hardware}
Standard III. Documentation Shall be Prepared on Materials That are Readily
Forever ???
Negative Life Expectancy 500+ Years
Fiber Print Life Expectancy 150+ Years
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
DATALIGHT
Digital Camera
DIGITAL DATA STORAGE
DEVICEDu JOUR
BACKUPBACKUP REDUNDANCY
MIGRATION
ERROR CORRECTION
DATAPROCESSINGCOMPUTER DATA
Digital Preservation has many unknownsFilm Life Expectancy = LE-500+Digital Life Expectancy = ???
Few digital preservation success stories – many horror stories!
High cost of high-resolution digital cameras & equipment(Replacement 3-5 years)
IT Digital storage costs are approximately TEN fold.
NARA archives = $5m for analog archives ($80m and $50m for ERA)
No standards exist for BORN-DIGITAL archival photo surveys
HABS/HAER/HALS would need to establish those new standards
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Main Street, Downieville, Sierra, CA
HABS-CA-48, March 1934 (77 years)HABS-CA-2830, March 2010
Dining Room, The Ahwahnee, Yosemite Valley, CA
Pong
Atari 2600
Commodore 64K
8-Tracks
45’s
LP’s
Beta vs. VHS
2021?
2111?
2211?
2511?
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comStephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comRequired: Eyeball & Light
Viewing HABS 1930s Analog
Photographs
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Viewing HABS 1930s Analog
Photographs
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.comRequired: Eyeball & Light + INVERT
Hyperfocal helmet attachmentRequired: Sight-augmenting visual perspectivity scrutinization apparatus (steam-assisted)
What If ?
1930s Digital
ImageryViewer
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Superior StandardsPublic Access
Keyword SearchableLE-500 Storage
Online access to HH3collections at LOC
H3
The HAER was one of thefirst collections digitized at the LOC
because of its exceptional K-12 educational value
Approximately 50K visitors per month@ 800,000 page views per month
Library of Congress, Washington DC
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Library of CongressAmericanMemoryMemory
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Library of CongressAmericanMemoryMemory
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
James Ennis HouseChaffee County Coloradoc. 1885
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Governor Johnson Ennis HouseBaldwin County Georgia c. 1838
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Ennis House, Los Feliz Photogrammetric Elevation 1969
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Ennis House, Los Feliz5x7 HABS Photographic DocumentationJanuary 2011
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Not Real StandardzRarely Accessible
Not SearchableStorage Lacking
HABS-LikeHABS-LITEDiet-HABS
HABS-Like is popularas CEQA mitigation
BEST Practices1. Follow H3 Specs2. Ensure longevity3. Find accessible archive4. Ensure public benefit
XNot Real StandardzXNot Real StandardzRarely AccessibleXRarely Accessible
Not SearchableXNot SearchableStorage LackingXStorage Lacking
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
HABS-LikeBEST CASE SCENARIO
IS
DONATION
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
Grandma Prisbrey’s Bottle Village HALS donated to LOC
5x7 Negatives + one set of prints + “Short Form” historic report•Location •Description (200 words)
•History & Significance (450+ words)
•Sources (NR nomination + primary sources)
•Name of Historian
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
MYTHS About H About H3
1. LOC wantsonly landmarks
2. NPS reviewsHH3 donations
XX1. LOC wantsX1. LOC wantsXonly landmarksXonly landmarks
XX2. NPS reviewsX2. NPS reviewsXdonationsXdonations
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
May 2010HH3 Specifications
Google “HABS Transmittal”
Jan 2010 NRHP Specifications
Google “National Register photo fact sheet” $70 John A. Burns
May 2010NEW
$70 John A. Burns
OLD
All H3 Specs online as PDFs
Stephen Schafer www.habsphoto.com
TheEnd
Stephen SchaferVentura, California
www.HABSPHOTO.com