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Ldb mapperò di prinzio 04
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2 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
SUMMARY
Wireless Sensor Networks and MotesWSN TopologyBerkeley Mote Mica2Mote Platform Evolution802.15.4 Platforms: Telos and MicaZ802.15.4 and ZigBee, why?MoteBoard for development: ALmoteThe Concept of Modular NodeThe Modular Node PrototypeModular Node Applications (ex.)
3 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
Wireless Sensor Networks and Motes
Wireless sensor network (WSN): a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants) at different locations.
A Mote is “a small piece of something”, such as a dust particle. Mote is the name usually given to WSN boards (mote boards, MB).
Mote components:
Microcontroller (MCU)
Radio Chip
Antenna
Power source (e.g. battery)
External Memory
Sensors (S)
Expansion Connector
Mote
RadioChip
S
S
Memory
Power(battery)
Exp Connector
MCU
4 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
WSN topology (general)
Base station
Gateway
Cluster-head
Information system
Motes
Internet
Cluster
5 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
Berkeley mote Mica2Main characteristics:
Size
58 x 32 x 7 (mm), 18 gr (+ batt.)
Processor
microcontroller Atmel ATmega128L
10 bit ADC
8 mA (ACTIVE MODE), < 15 µA (SLEEP MODE)
Memory
4 Kbytes di SRAM
4 Kbytes di EEPROM
128 Kbytes di PROGRAM MEMORY
512 Kbytes di FLASH (SPI)
Radio (ChipCon CC1000)
> 25 mA TX, 8 mA RX, < 1 µA SLEEP
433 MHz (FSK), 19.2 Kbit/s, 330 m
3 LEDs
• 51 pin expansion connector
2 batteries AA 1.5 V
TinyOS
MPR410CBSensor board
Implementation problems:
fixed-point implementation
limited memory
low clock frequency
6 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
Mote platforms evolution
7 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
802.15.4 platforms: Telos and MicaZ
Focused on low power Sleep - Most of the time
Telos: 2.4AMicaZ: 30A
WakeupAs quickly as possible to process and return to sleepTelos: 290ns typical, 6s maxMicaZ: 60s max internal oscillator, 4ms external
ProcessGet your work done and get back to sleepTelos: 4MHz 16-bitMicaZ: 8MHz 8-bit
TI MSP430Ultra low power
1.6A sleep460A active1.8V operation
Standards BasedIEEE 802.15.4, USB (Telos)
IEEE 802.15.4CC2420 radio250 kb/s2.4GHz ISM band
TinyOS supportNew suite of radio stacksPushing hardware abstractionMust conform to std link
Ease of development and TestProgram over USB (Telos) or simple programmer board (MicaZ)Std connector header
InteroperabilityTelos / MicaZ / ChipCon dev
UCB Telos
Xbow MicaZ
8 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
MoteBoard for development: ALMote
Key Features
• 250 kb/s 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 Chipcon Wireless Transceiver• Interoperability with other IEEE 802.15.4 devices (Telos, MicaZ)• 8MHz Texas Instruments MSP430 microcontroller (10k RAM, 48k Flash)• Integrated ADC, DAC, Supply Voltage Supervisor, and DMA Controller• Integrated onboard antenna with 50 m range indoor / 125 m range outdoor• Ultra low current consumption• Fast wakeup from sleep (< 6 μs )• Hardware link-layer encryption and authentication• JTAG and 24-pin expansion connector, optional SMA antenna connector• TinyOS support : mesh networking and communication implementation
ALMote = ArsLogica mote (Telos compatible)
9 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
Why 802.15.4 – ZigBee ?
CertifiedReliable and self healing (interference)Supports large number of nodes (up to 65535)Easy to deployVery long battery life (days/months, depending on appl.)SecureLow costCan be used globally (ISM band)
10 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
Gateway Board (GB)
Progr./Acquisition Board (PAB)
Processing Board (EB)
Sensing Board (SB)
Controlling Board (CB)
Transmission Board (TB)
Mote Board (MB)
• WiFi • GSM/GPRS• Bluetooth• ...
• FPGA/DSP/GPP • Memory• OS (if needed)
• MCU• Memory• OS + appl. SW
• RS-232/422• USB• Ethernet• JTAG
• RF transceiver• Antenna (printed / external)
Acceleration, TemperatureHumidity, Light, Images ...
The Concept of Modular Node
Power Board (SB)
Energy scavenging:• Solar panel• Vibration• Radiation, ...
11 ARSLOGICA srl
Via Trento, 117 - 38017 Mezzolombardo (TN), Italy - Tel. +39 0461 600253 Fax. +39 0461 603250 Email: [email protected] w w w . a r s l o g i c a . i t
GB(GPRS/WiFi)
CB(MSP430)
TB(CC2420)
UART1 SPI
(UART0)
ALMote
ALMoteUART1 UART
(SPI)PAB
GB(GPRS/WiFi)
PAB UART1 SPI
(UART0)
ALMote
CB(MSP430)
TB(CC2420)
ALMote – Gateway
ALMote – PAB
ALMote – Gateway – PAB
Modular Node Applications (examples)