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–everybody
“Waiting sucks”
0.35 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.075.30
4.76
https://blog.kissmetrics.com/loading-time/
2011
20112014
–Lewis Carroll, “Alice in Wonderland”
Alice: How long is forever?
White Rabbit: Sometimes, just one second.
CHOOSE THE RIGHT TIME
D0
A
D2
B
B
D1
A
B
WEB TIME LINE
0.2s 1s 5s 10s
User Flow (2-5s)
Attention Span (7-10s)
Instant (0,1-0,2s)
Immediate (0,5-1s)
PLATFORM SUCCESS MODEL
http://goo.gl/GlxjdN
1. loading 2. finger down 4. finger up
1000ms max: 100msidle/cleanup in 50ms chunks
Instant (0,1-0,2s)Immediate (0,5-1s)
CHOOSE THE RIGHT TIME
D0
A
D2
B
B
D1
A
B
“The just-noticeable difference between two stimuli is proportional to the magnitude of the
stimuli”
WEBER-FECHNER LAW
WEBER-FECHNER LAW
JND
jnd = 20% of D20% RULE
20% RULE
10s8s 12s
-20% +20%
Phot
o: h
ttp:
//go
o.gl
/jQnZ
lP
MEANINGFUL
NOTICEABLE!==
20% RULE
CHOOSE THE RIGHT TIME
D0
A
D2
B
B
D1
A
B
NEUTRALISATION
≈5s
≈2s
NEUTRALISATION
5s
2s 2.4s
+20% rule
3.2s
√5×2
Geometric bisection
≈2s
≈3.2s
SUBJECTIVE TIME
OBJECTIVE TIME
TOLERANCE
PERCEPTIONOBJECTIVE
TIME
TIME MANAGEMENT
Perception Management
Tolerance Management
Operational Management
OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT
real timeOpera
tiona
l Man
ageme
nt
–Lewis Carroll, “Alice in Wonderland”
“My dear, here we must run as fast as we can, just to stay in place. And if you
wish to go anywhere you must run twice as fast as that.”
Opera
tiona
l Man
ageme
nt
FRONT END
Delay blocking request (onLoad)
WebWorkers
AJAXify navigation
…
you-name-it
HTML JavascriptImagesCSS
Minification & ConcatinationSprites
Responsive sizes
Lo-Fi background JPG images
…
Fewer HTTP requests
CDN
DNS prefetching
…
No CDN
Inline top-screen CSS
…
Opera
tiona
l Man
ageme
nt
BACK ENDCDN
Caching
Faster *
mod_deflate/mod_gzip
HTTP2/SPDY
Opera
tiona
l Man
ageme
nt
–Lewis Carroll, “Alice in Wonderland”
“If everybody minded their own business, the world would go around a great deal faster than it does.”
LIMITATIONS
Technical limitations
Financial/time costs
Users usually don’t care about your objective timeOp
eratio
nal M
anage
ment
LIMITATIONS
Users don’t care
Opera
tiona
l Man
ageme
nt
– Ilya Grigorik, Web Performance Engineer, Google
“Performance is not just milliseconds, frames and megabytes. It’s also how these
milliseconds, frames and megabytes translate to how the user perceives the
application”
TIME MANAGEMENT
Operational Management
Tolerance Management
Perception Management
PERCEPTION MANAGEMENT
psychological timePerce
ption
Man
ageme
nt
–Martin Heidegger, German philosopher
“…time persists merely as a consequence of the events taking place in it [space]”
Perce
ption
Man
ageme
nt
http://goo.gl/9wXHL9
EVENT MARKERSPe
rcepti
on M
anage
ment
EVENT1 EVENT2 EVENT3
EVENT MARKERSPe
rcepti
on M
anage
ment
EVENT1
start Event Marker
end Event Marker
inner Event Marker
start end|start end
Perce
ption
Man
ageme
nt
PREEMPTIVE START
PREEMPTIVE STARTPe
rcepti
on M
anage
ment
magic*
* – things user does not need to know about
Perce
ption
Man
ageme
ntEARLY COMPLETION
magic*
* – things user does not need to know about
LIMITATIONS
When process is really long and there is no chance to make user think differently
Perce
ption
Man
ageme
nt
TIME MANAGEMENT
Operational Management
Perception Management
Tolerance Management
TOLERANCE MANAGEMENT
valued timeToler
ance
Mana
gement
http://goo.gl/AkcpvU
–basic principle of psychology
“If you can not change the situation,
change the attitude”
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
UNCERTAINTY
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
Dynamic
Determinate
“Designing and Engineering Time”, Steven C.Seow. © 2008 Pearson Education Inc.
Provides periodic current status during mid-process
Projects completion by work units or time
Static
IndeterminateDoesn’t project
completion
Does not provide any info during mid-process
Download file blah-blah.mov (25GB)?
Cancel Download
Files scanned: 1250 Viruses found: 55
Your porn will be downloaded in less than 1 second. PLEASE wait
Class A
Class BClass D
Class C
5s 10s
PROGRESS INDICATORS FOR WEB
2s
Class D Class A
0
TIME ANCHORS MATRIX
1 2 3
5 10 15
10 20 30
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
PURPOSE & VALUE
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
WORTH THE WAIT
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
Denys Mishunov <[email protected]>
Special Discount from Aeroflot
1 message
[email protected] <[email protected]> Tue, Jul 8, 2014 at 11:15 AMTo: [email protected]
We highly appreciate that you have chosen «Aeroflot – Russian airlines»!
For the tickets you purchased at our site from 01.07.2014 to 31.07.2014, we arehappy to offer you a discount for your next trip.
YOUR COUPON(S)NUMBER(S):
DQL1WW2 DQLAQQW
YOUR COUPONS EXPIRE: 30.09.2014
To make a reservation you need:
http://coub.com/view/2pgyb5js
LIMITATIONS
The sky is the limit?
Toler
ance
Mana
gement
Tolerance
SUMMARY
Deliver objectively fast;
If not possible to deliver fast, make
user think it is fast;
If it is really long process, make user
want to wait.
PerceptionOperation
0.43
THANK YOU
end Event Marker
