1

A dozen reasons for masonry moisture

2

RISING GROUND MOISTURE A

CONDENSATION WATER

SEEPAGE WATER

MOISTURE CAUSED DY DRIVING

RAINS

HYGROSCOPIC MOISTURE

MOISTURE PENETRATING SIDEWAYS

INSTALLATION DAMAGES

H

K

E

I

SR

SPLASH WATER S

SLOPE PRESSURE WATER D

SW

MOISTURE CAUSED BY CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES C

MOISTURE IN THE INTERFERENCE FIELDS

CAUSED BY GEOLOGICAL FACTORS G

BUILDING MOISTURE B

In a brick, there could be air or water

1 m3 brick consists of

about 1.600 kg dry weight.

About 30% of its volume

are air pores.

The air pores are

completely filled with water.

This is known as 100%

degree of moisture

penetration.

20% of the air pores are filled

with water. The degree of

moisture penetration here is

mere 20%.

4

Magnification of a capillar filled with

water

Magnification of the capillary

action.

The forces of attraction

(adhesive power) between

water and building material or

between water and glass lead

to a capillary suction effect in

capillary channels.

5

Rising Damp Effects

EVAPORATION

Ground water sources

SALTS CRISTALLIZATION

Moisture evaporation

and the related salt

cristallization cause the

decay of paintings and

plasters.

6

Rising Damp Symptoms

7

Moisture in walls is visible up to the evaporation zone

Rising Damp Symptoms

8

Rising Damp Symptoms

The plaster is partly or entirely flaked off, or tends to effloresce most markedly in the evaporation zone.

9

The evaporation border is at least 40 cm above the ground level.

Rising Damp Symptoms

Rising Damp Symptoms

11

Emulsion paints form bubbles, especially in the evaporation zone.

Rising Damp Symptoms

12

… salts can

expand 12 times

more their volume

arriving to apply a

pressure of 2 tons

for cm2.

Rising Damp Symptoms: salt’s effects

13

Rising Damp Symptoms: salt’s effects

… salts can

expand 12 times

more their volume

arriving to apply a

pressure of 2 tons

for cm2.

14

Plaster becomes detached from the

structure at the evaporation zone and

lies partly in concave form.

The comparative knocking test, per-

formed with a tool or the fist at and under

the evaporation zone, produces

different acoustic patterns.

Plaster is more brittle at the evaporation

zone than below it because binding agents

become dissolved over the time.

The comparative stab test with a pointed tool,

performed at and under the evaporation zone,

shows different penetration depths or

penetration resistance.

Rising Damp Symptoms

15

Rising Damp Symptoms

16

Rising Damp Symptoms

17

One notices an

unpleasant musty

smell throughout

the year despite

constant

ventilation and

heating of the

rooms.

Rising Damp Symptoms

18

Water loss from the roof

19

Some Damages caused by rising damp

• High humidity rate in the air and health problems;

• Wall Re-painted many times in vain;

• Wall Re-plastered many times in vain;

• Damages caused to furnitures or other home-stuff: for high

humidity presence;

• Higher heating costs;

• High consumption of electricity by air de-humidifier;

• Structural damages to affected buildings: the building material

has less resistence.

A wet wall is not merely ugly

–

it affects one’s emotional

wellbeing, and several

diseases are aggravated by

masonry moisture and its

effects on the air in the room.

20

House Insulation

WET WALLS = WORST INSULATION

The capillars

full of damp

are very bad

insulating

materials.

HEAT ONLY THE 10% REMAINS IN

THE ROOM

90% OF HEAT LOOSES

Magnification of a

capillar full of damp.

21

DRY OUT WALL

=

BETTER

THERMIC

INSULATION

WITH DRY WALL , the major part of the heat

remains in the room

Muro

deum

idific

ato

The air inside the capillars

gives to the wall a great

insulating quality.

Wall Capillar

HEAT

House Insulation

22

Wet Walls – Bad House Insulation – High Electricity Consumption

Insulation in relation of moisture in the walls

MOISTURE

MOISTURE

INSULATION BY

23

24

• High degree of invasivity

• Instability of the structure

• The moisture remain into

the wall

• Salts go out slowly

damaging the new plaster

• Very Expensive

Mechanical Technics

25

Moisture remaining many years into the wall and going out after the intervention.

Mechanical

Technic

26

Chemical Barriers

• The moiusture remains into the

wall and goes out slowly

damaging the new plaster

• Salts coming out

• High degree of invasion

• The chemical barrier is

damaged by chemical

destroying forces into the wall

• With heterogeneous materials

no certainty of slit absences

27

Electro-phisical procedures

•High dree of invasivity

•Continue Wall Structure Electrification 24

h./24

•The components placed inside the wall are

subject to destroying chemical forces

•Maintainence Costs (the components get

wear along time)

•Possible “holes” in the wall coverage,

28

Active Electro-osmosis

• Elettrosmog: Continue Wall Structure

Electrification 24 h./24

• If the electricity goes missing, sudden

rising of damp

• Fear to leave the house for months

with the electrical system swicthed on

• Operating Costs (due to electricity use)

• Maintainance Costs for the machine

replacement

29

“Anti–Moisture” Plaster

HU

MID

WA

LL

It’s a palliative treatment and

not a real solution to the

moisture problem.

The moisture continues being

present inside the wall and

rising from the ground.

The macro-pores of the

plaster will be blocked up by

the salts so much that plaster

will be damaged.

30

Building with insulating anti-moisture plaster

31

THE AQUAPOL TECHNOLOGY

PATENTED IN 1985

WITH MORE THAN 49.000

INSTALLATIONS IN EUROPE

32

• No chemical injections

• No wall cut

• No electricity (elettrosmog)

• No Batteries

• No maintainance costs

THE AQUAPOL SOLUTION

MEANS:

33

34

The magnetic earth field represents one of the illimitate sources of energy

available 24h./24h. The compass measures the magnetic

field of earth

35

.

What is the “tesla” ?

It is the measurement unit

of the magnetic field (T).

Nikola Tesla is

considered one of

the most important

scientists and

inventors of the

history, having

worked on the free

energy subject.

36

This is not an

electromagnetic field, as the

expert will easily discern.

It is an electrostatic

phenomenon: at school we

used to attract small pieces

of a blotter with a charged

ruler.

Energy can distract water without direct contact

37

Schematic drawing of the Aquapol device:

1) Receiver

2) Polarisation unit

3) Transmitters

1. The receiver, a flat coiled spiral, is located in the lower part

of the device. It absorbs a natural earth field with

gravomagnetic characteristics.

2. The polarisation unit consists of a cylindrical coil with

selective receiver and transmitter characteristics. This part

of the device polarises the received gravo-magnetic waves

stably in a clockwise manner.

3. The transmitter consists of three circular transmitter coils

(cylinder air-core coil design), each shifted by 120 degrees.

This transmitter sends the clockwise polarised power field

downward into the so-called active area.

Aquapol Device Structure

38

It needs one device to dry out all the house

39

40

41

The wetting effect

causes moisture

to rise from the

ground in the

majority of capillary

construction

materials,

because attraction

forces exist between

the molecules of

construction material

and water molecules.

Phisical attractive forces exist between construction molecules and water molecules

Water

molecule

Construction

Molecule

42

Certain high- frequency

magnetic fields weaken

adhesive forces and

cause moisture to

move downward.

Capillary height is

reduced as a result

thereof.

High-frequency magnetic fields weaken adhesive forces

The Austrian State assigned in

May 1995 to the Ing. Mohorn the

top national award as one of the

best austrian scientist-inventor.

Certificate: Kaplan Medal

The European Building Committee

in Monaco (Germany) has

proved, after different tests:

1) The efficacy of Aquapol

technology

2) the real existence of

Aquapol’s drying phisical

effect on damp walls

Certificate: EURAFEM

Certificate: TUV Austria

Innovation Prize 1995

Honorary Prize

Prize Gold Medal 2001

Other Certificates

Prize“RECAM” for the Innovation e the Eco-friendly technic for Cultural Heritage

Assigned by a technic Committee of:

- University IUAV of VENICE

- VENETO’s Bio-ARCHITECTS Association

Certificate: RECAM Prize

THE NATIONAL

INSTITUTE OF

CULTURAL

HERITAGE in Rome

check the drying process

in two of the oldest

roman empire churches

and presents the results

at the International

Conference Art 2011in

FLORENCE

EXPERTISES: Aquapol installed in Rome in the Churches of

Santa Maria in Trastevere e Santa Margherita

Aquapol is present in the Italian National Public

Works Office

50

51

The complete dry out guaranteed Aquapol service includes:

1. Wall Diagnosis before the installation;

2. Aquapol Installation;

3. Wall Diagnosis ad assistance till the dry out process is

completed;

4. Technical Advices on the Accompany actions and

renovation measurements to undertake;

5. Result Guarantee;

6. 20 year working guarantee on the device.

List of the Aquapol Services

Wall Electrical Potential

before the installation

In the example = – 202 mV

Device Working Test

Dopo un’ora

Electrical Potential

After installation

Example = 8 mV

Device Working Test

54

Diagnosis: wall samples

55

Diagnosis: damp calculation

56

Diagnosis: moisture values are recorded in protocols

57

Diagnosis: salts analysis

58

59

Villa Cordellina – Montecchio - Vi

60

Villa Cordellina Montecchio - Vi

61

Abbazia S. Agostino - VICENZA Data dell’installazione del Sistema Aquapol

contro l’umidità di risalita: 12/10/2010

62

Fortress Monte Ricco in Pieve di Cadore (BL)

CHURCH Maestre di S. Dorotea a Cittadella - PD

Progettista e Responsabile Lavori: Ing. Luigi Beltrame 63

Before

After

64

65

Aquapol Installation

in Villa Mattiazzo a Campodarsego (PD)

Done the 29/05/2009

Building Company : OMETTO COSTRUZIONI Srl

66

Church of

San Michele

In Montegaldella

Vicenza

67

Pastoral house in Cartura – PD

BEFORE AFTER

DRY OUT!

15-JUNE-09

68

Installazione del sistema Aquapol – 28-06-07

a POZZETTO DI CITTADELLA – PD

Sig. Lorenzin

PRIMA

69

MILANO, 1700 VILLA BORROMEO

MILANO, 1500 COURTYARD

70

CUNEO FARM HOUSE

71

MANTOVA FONDAZIONE TURENNE CAVRIANA

72

GROSSETO CASTLE “COLLE MASSARI”

73

ROVATO MONASTERY

74

BERGAMO SHOP IN THE CITY

75

CHURCH DEL BOSCO, IMBERSAGO

76

77

DESENZANO DEL GARDA VILLA

78

Termoli Duomo – Termoli - CB

79

MUNICIPALITY of Calvisano – BS

20 march 2008

80

Villa Medeghini – Molinetto di Mazzano (BS)

81

Hotel Villa Sofia – Gardone Riviera (Bs)

82

CASTLE Wolfsthurn

Museo Provinciale della Caccia e della Pesca in Alto Adige

83

Private House

84

85

87

Monastery Clarisse di Bressanone – BZ - 8 settembre - anno 2005

88

Palazzo Vescovile – CARPI - MO

89

Nome Località Prov

•Chiesa S.Maria Assunta Opi AQ

•Albergo Abitarchi S.r.l Monopoli BA

•Cappella S.Giovanni Monopoli BA

•DIAPASON (Palmieri Francesco) Monopoli

BA

•Ristorante Cipolla Rossa Acquaviva delle Fonti BA

•Abitazione SAMBAK Armando Conversano BA

•Convento Suore Crocefisse Adoratrici dell’ Eucarestia

Monopoli BA

•Abitazione Andreoli Bergamo BG

•Arti Grafiche MARIANI MONTI Bergamo BG

•Abitazione Carissimi Daniela Osio Sotto BG

•Abitazione GastoldiI Mario Seriate BG

•Impr. FRATUS Costruzioni Martinengo BG

•True Type Bergamo BG

•Abitazione Boggio Maurizio Biella BI

•Chiesa di Crosa Biella BI

Nome Località Prov

•Casa Dott. Luca Natalini Bologna BO

•Parrocchia S.Antonio D'Abate Fasano BR

•S.Maria Madre della Chiesa Brindisi BR

•Chiesa San Domenico Mura BS

•Abitazione Cocca Giovanni Gavardo BS

•Abitazione Giacomazzi Graziano Calvisano BS

•Nuova U.T.M.A. (Ass. Louis Turenne) Cavriana fraz.

S. Casciano MN

•Abitazione Pedrotti Mario Manerba del Garda BS

•PIERRE Studio S.Paolo BS

•Santuario Della Madonna della Neve Auro Briale

Comero BS

•Chiesa di Vaglio Pettinengo Biella BI

•Abitazione Signor Pezzetta Mel BL

•Forte di Monte Ricco di Pieve di Cadore BL

LIST OF SOME INSTALLATIONS IN ITALY

LIST OF SOME INSTALLATIONS IN ITALY 2

• Abitazione Fill Elisabeth Gargazzone BZ

• Abitazione Frenner Giacomo San Leonardo in Badia

BZ

• Abitazione Frick Karl Vipiteno BZ

• Abitazione Gamper Johann Lagundo BZ

• Abitazione Garavelli Margot Zingerle Brunico BZ

• Casa Hopfgartner Dr. Albert Gais BZ

• Hotel Ciasa Tamà*** La Villa BZ

• Hotel Lech da Sompunt sas *** Pedraces BZ

• Hotel Schönblick**** Riscone BZ

• Abitazione Leiter Norbert Campo Tures BZ

• Abitazione Margraf Karl Merano BZ

• Abitazione Mohr Heinrich Appiano BZ

• Abitazione Negra Renzo San Lorenzo di Sebato BZ

• Abitazione Nestl Anna Val di Vizze-Prato BZ

• Parrocchia di Malles Malles BZ

• Abitazione Stefani Domenico Polpenazze del Garda

BS

• Abitazione Vallio Tamara San Felice del Garda BS

• Palazzo Comunale di Calvisano Calvisano BS

• Villa Medeghini Molinetto di Mazzano BS

• Santuario Madonna del Rio a Salò Salò BS

• Villa Sofia a Gardone Riviera Gardone Riviera BS

• Abitazione Alber Johann Silandro BZ

• Caserna dei Carabinieri Colle Isarco BZ

• Castel Wolfsthurn Racines BZ

• Comune Badia Badia BZ

• Comune di Campo Tures Campo Tures BZ

• Convento Clarisse di Bressanone Bressanone BZ

• Hotel Jagdhof**** Dolce Vita Laces BZ

• Casa Holzer Feichter Paul Molini di Campo Tures BZ

• Parrocchia di Tirolo Tirolo/Merano BZ

• Parrocchia di Villa Bassa Val Pusteria BZ

• Pensione Martha di Zeni Claudio & Co sas Postal BZ

• Casa Plattner Hermann Colle Isarco BZ

• Casa Prenn Josef Campo Tures BZ

• Casa Rainer Franz Brennero BZ

• Casa Renzler Josef Rasan di Sotto BZ

• Casa Schenk Adolf Selva di Val Gardena BZ

• Casa Schönegger Eduard San Candido BZ

• Casa Seebacher Anton Caldaro BZ

• Casa Trippacher Otto Brunico BZ

• Casa Trojer Herbert San Candido BZ

• Casa Tschuggel Dr. Sebastian Collalbo - Renon BZ

• Casa Vinatzer Evelin Santa Christina BZ

• Casa Voggler Franz Josef Molini di Campo Tures BZ

• Casa Zangerle Reinhard Oris – Lasa BZ

• Parrocchia S. Giovanni Tirolo/Merano BZ

• Parrocchia Vipiteno Vipiteno BZ

• Parrocchia S. Lorenzo Rasen BZ

• Diocesi Bolzano-Bressanone S. Michele Appiano

BZ

• Parrocchia Antermoia Badia Antermoia BZ

• Cattedrale di Termoli Termoli CB

• Chiesa S.Giorgio Martire Civitacampomarano CB

• Diocesi Larino - Termoli Larino CB

• Parrocchia S.Matteo Montenero di Bisaccia CB

• Parrocchia S.Nicola Bonefro CB

• Ristonte Villa delle Rose Termoli CB

• S.Maria della salute Castelmauro CB

• Chiesa S.lorenzo Curcumello CH

• Chiesa di SS Loreto Vallelunga Pratameno CL

• Bono Annamaria Cuneo CN

• Chiesa di Guarene d’Alba Alba CN

• Casa Imbimbo Enrico Alba CN

LIST OF SOME INSTALLATIONS IN ITALY 3

• Parrocchia SS.Redentore Manfredonia FG

• Parrocchia Stella Maris Manfredonia FG

• Seminario Vescovile di Lucera Lucera FG

• Casa Pessina Mobili Bordighera IM

• Casa Rossi Gabriella Imperia IM

• Comune di Ugento Ugento LE

• Villa Borromeo Vimercate MI

• Corte Rustica del Conte Borromeo del 1400

Vimercate MI

• Centro Benessere One-Fit Monza MI

• Diocesi di Carpi - Palazzo Vescovile Carpi MO

• Parrocchia di Torre Maina - Maranello - MO

• Immobile in V. F. Cavallotti a Carpi - MO

• Chiesa di Momo Novara NO

• Parrocchia di Maria Vergine Momo NO

• Badia Detto Ex Monastero (da Comune di Chiusa

Sclafani) Chiusa Sclafani PA

• Chiesa di Villa Raimondi Fino Mornasco CO

• A.s.l. di Cosenza Cosenza CS

• Parrocchia S.Maria Della Sanità Cosenza CS

• Santuario S. Michele Serrastretta CS

• Palazzo della Prefettura di Catanzaro Prov. di CZ

Catanzaro CZ

• Monastero San Michele Arcangelo Curia Lamezia-

Serrastretta Serrastretta CZ

• Biblioteca Diocesana c/o Palazzo Arcidiocesi Foggia-

Bovino Foggia FG

• Chiesa del Carmine Lucera FG

• Chiesa S.Maria della Miseric. Foggia FG

• Comune di Cerignola Ex Opera Pia Montefornari

Cerignola FG

Comune Roseto Valfortore Roseto Valfortore FG

Parrocchia di Lastebasse-Ponte Poste Laste Basse VI

LIST OF SOME INSTALLATIONS IN ITALY 4

• Chiesa di Rocca Forzata Rocca Forzata TA

• Abitazione Faccenda Fabrizio Lavis TN

• Consorzio Destra Piave Treviso TV

• Casa Trevisan Loris Martignacco UD

• Geom. Lombardi Pierangelo Saronno VA

• Casa Rotondi Romano Gorla Minore VA

• Casa Zanella Sergio Sesto Calende fraz. Lentate VA

• Seminario Arcivescovile di Vercelli Vercelli VC

• Abitazione Verardo Pietro Venezia VE

• Abitazione Luciano Pasini Mestre VE

• Villa Cordellina Montecchio Maggiore VI

• Chiesa S.Michele Arcangelo di Montegaldella

Montegaldella VI

• Canonica di S.Michele Arcangelo di Montegaldella

• Monastero della Dormizione Roma - Roma

• Immobile in Fiesso Umbertiano - RO

• Chiesa di Colle di Val D’Elsa (Siena Colle Val D'Elsa -

SI

• Chiesa della Magione (Ist.Univ.Ricerche) Palermo

PA

• Chiesa di San Giovanni Napoletani Palermo PA

• Palazzo Petrulla Palermo PA

• Palazzo Testa Palermo PA

• Parrocchia S.Maria Assunta Cartura PD

• Parrocchia S. Fidenzio Megliadino San Fidenzio PD

• Abitazione Lorenzin Emanuele Cittadella PD

• Abitazione dell'Impresario Geom. Paolo Conte

Cittadella PD

• Congregazione Serve di Maria Ravenna RA

• Palazzo Salducci - Comune di Cervia Cervia RA

• Casa Mazza Gianandrea Roma Roma

• S.Maria in Trastevere (Installazione Test a cura

dell'ICR) Roma - Roma

LIST OF SOME INSTALLATIONS IN ITALY 5

Seminars in Italy

Seminar in Montagna (PD) 2007

96

Ing. W. Mohorn

Fondatore

International Meeting in Austria

97

Aquapol Seminar – 1 Oct. 2008

In the Building surveyor’s

Institution in Vicenza

Seminars in Italy

98

Seminar in Modena

29 April 2009

in collaborazione e con il patrocinio di:

Collegio

Geometri

Collegio

Geometri

&

Geometri

Laureati

Seminars in Italy

99

Convegno-Seminario Formativo a Padova

sull'Umidità di Risalita

Ing. W. Mohorn Ospite in Italia

con il patrocinio: dell'Istituto Nazionale di

Bioarchitettura Sezione di Padova e Vicenza

Seminars in Italy

100

Seminario “RISANAMENTO DEFINITIVO DELLE

MURATURE CON PATOLOGIA DI UMIDITA' DI

RISALITA” a Udine

Seminars in Italy

101

Fairs in Italy

102

Fairs in Italy