51
1 © BMI-BRSCU © BMI-BRSCU Towards Making sense of the Building Industry: The Role of the Banks and the Strategic Response of the Building Industry. Dr. Llewellyn B. Lewis Dr. Llewellyn B. Lewis March 2011 March 2011 THE STRATEGIC FORUM THE STRATEGIC FORUM A place of assembly for strategic conversations BMI S tudium A d P rosperandum V oluntas in C onveniendum BUILDING RESEARCH STRATEG Y CO N SU LTIN G U N IT cc R eg.N o.2002/105109/23 BMI S tudium A d P rosperandum V oluntas in C onveniendum BUILDING RESEARCH STRATEG Y CO N SU LTIN G U N IT cc BMI BMI BMI BMI S tudium A d P rosperandum V oluntas in C onveniendum BUILDING RESEARCH STRATEG Y CO N SU LTIN G U N IT cc R eg.N o.2002/105109/23 BMI S tudium A d P rosperandum V oluntas in C onveniendum BUILDING RESEARCH STRATEG Y CO N SU LTIN G U N IT cc BMI BMI BMI BMI BMI BMI

The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

The stringent lending practices of the banks are exacerbating the recession as evidenced by the precipitous decline in BPP and the consequent decline in BC.Developers complain that they cannot get funding, building work in progress cannot be completed, mortgage advances to Flats and Townhouse developments have declined by some 65%, and mortgages for undeveloped land has plummeted by some 75%. All of these actions clearly signal that the banks have judged property as a poor investment.A consensus industry view is that conditions in the industry will only improve once the Banks demonstrated confidence in property as a preferred investment and relaxed their stringent lending criteria .

Citation preview

Page 1: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

1 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

TowardsMaking sense of the Building Industry:

The Role of the Banks and the Strategic Response of the Building Industry.

Dr. Llewellyn B. LewisDr. Llewellyn B. LewisMarch 2011March 2011

THE STRATEGIC FORUMTHE STRATEGIC FORUM

A place of assembly for strategic conversations

BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

Reg. No. 2002/105109/23

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

Reg. No. 2002/105109/23

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

Page 2: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

2 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Paradigm

Re-invention

Scop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

S

cop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

tr

an

sfo

rmati

on

tran

sfo

rmati

on

Critical mass of Investors

(Whole community)

Single Investor (Part of community)

Paradigm

Pioneer

Early adopter

Paradigm shift

LateAdopter

Bandwagon Flocking

Herd behaviourImpact of Change and

transformation

All Countries

(Whole World)

Single

Country

(Part of World)

THE LOCAL PROPERTY THE LOCAL PROPERTY MARKETMARKET

LIMITS TO LIMITS TO GROWTHGROWTH

PARADIGMS PARADIGMS CHALLENGEDCHALLENGED

ALTERNATIVE ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTSINVESTMENTS

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

THE GLOBAL THE GLOBAL PROPERTY PROPERTY

ENVIRONMEENVIRONMENTNT

DEMISEDEMISE THE THE

PROPERTY PROPERTY BUBBLE?BUBBLE?

THETHEEDGE OF CHAOSEDGE OF CHAOS

CREATIVITYCREATIVITYINNOVATIONINNOVATION

The current and known world The future, unknown

THE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITYTHE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITY

Page 3: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

3 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Paradigm

Re-invention

Scop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

S

cop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

tr

an

sfo

rmati

on

tran

sfo

rmati

on

Critical mass of Investors

(Whole community)

Single Investor (Part of community)

Paradigm

Pioneer

Early adopter

Paradigm shift

LateAdopter

Bandwagon Flocking

Herd behaviourImpact of Change and

transformation

All Countries

(Whole World)

Single

Country

(Part of World)

THE LOCAL PROPERTY THE LOCAL PROPERTY MARKETMARKET

LIMITS TO LIMITS TO GROWTHGROWTH

PARADIGMS PARADIGMS CHALLENGEDCHALLENGED

ALTERNATIVE ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTSINVESTMENTS

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

THE GLOBAL THE GLOBAL PROPERTY PROPERTY

ENVIRONMEENVIRONMENTNT

DEMISEDEMISE THE THE

PROPERTY PROPERTY BUBBLE?BUBBLE?

THETHEEDGE OF CHAOSEDGE OF CHAOS

CREATIVITYCREATIVITYINNOVATIONINNOVATION

The current and known world The future, unknown

THE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITYTHE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITY

Contagious

stories

Page 4: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

4 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Paradigm

Re-invention

Scop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

S

cop

e o

f ch

an

ge a

nd

tr

an

sfo

rmati

on

tran

sfo

rmati

on

Critical mass of Investors

(Whole community)

Single Investor (Part of community)

Paradigm

Pioneer

Early adopter

Paradigm shift

LateAdopter

Bandwagon Flocking

Herd behaviourImpact of Change and

transformation

All Countries

(Whole World)

Single

Country

(Part of World)

THE LOCAL PROPERTY THE LOCAL PROPERTY MARKETMARKET

LIMITS TO LIMITS TO GROWTHGROWTH

PARADIGMS PARADIGMS CHALLENGEDCHALLENGED

ALTERNATIVE ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTSINVESTMENTS

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

REINVENTIONREINVENTION A Structural A Structural

Change?Change? Self OrganisationSelf OrganisationOrder for Free!Order for Free!

Property a Property a preferred preferred

Investment!Investment!

THE GLOBAL THE GLOBAL PROPERTY PROPERTY

ENVIRONMEENVIRONMENTNT

DEMISEDEMISE THE THE

PROPERTY PROPERTY BUBBLE?BUBBLE?

THETHEEDGE OF CHAOSEDGE OF CHAOS

CREATIVITYCREATIVITYINNOVATIONINNOVATION

The current and known world The future, unknown

THE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITYTHE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITY

Individual

BanksPublic

opinion

MinistryTreasury

IMFWorld Bank

Contagious

stories

Page 5: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

5 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Total Mortgage Advances: 2002 - 2009The Strategic Forum Scenarios: 2010-2020(Source: SARB; MFA DATABASE, BMI-BRSCU Workings)

4570

22

2968

84

1948

56

2210

00

2850

00

3500

00

4350

00

4550

00

4500

00

4250

00

3850

00

3900

00

4050

00 4550

00

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

550,000

600,000

650,000

700,000

750,000

800,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

R M

illi

on

s (C

on

stan

t 20

09 V

alu

es)

High Road New York Scenario: 2010-2020

Higher Middle Road London Scenario: 2010-2020

Lower Middle Road Sao Paolo Scenario: 2010-2020

Low Road Harari Scenario: 2010-2020

Sao Paolo Scenario:2010-2020

Sao Paolo Scenariois Current

Most likely future Scenario

R305 Billion decline in

only 3 years!

It could take a decade to get

back to the 2006 level!

THE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITYTHE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITY

Page 6: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

6 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

The recovery will be gradual The Building Industry can Change fundamentally New consumption patterns will be less centred around houses and cars Home ownership under threat Rental preferred to ownership Housing Units will be smaller But could favour rental and new forms of living, eg Townhouses and High Rise Flats, walkable neighbourhoods More job mobility requiring flexibility Transition to the Knowledge Economy – could affect Industrial and Warehousing developments People working at home and desk sharing – affecting Office development Infrastructure Investment crucial in new forms of public transport, Traffic congestion and gridlock forcing new working and living models A radically altered and much denser economic landscape organized around megaregions New types of inner cities with people walking to work Spatial fix involves Integrated, Sustainable developments where people live work and play

THE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITYTHE PROPERTY MARKET AND COMPLEXITY

Page 7: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

7 © BMI-BRSCU

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

h

Hig

h

PLAYERSPLAYERSDemand creatorsDemand creatorsFuture orientedFuture orientedProactiveProactiveInnovativeInnovativeEntrepreneurialEntrepreneurialRisk TakersRisk Takers

RESERVESRESERVESDemand RespondersDemand RespondersCurrent orientationCurrent orientationReactiveReactiveResponsiveResponsiveService orientedService orientedRisk ManagersRisk Managers

ONLOOKERSONLOOKERSDemand observersDemand observersPast orientationPast orientationPassivePassiveRisk AvoidersRisk Avoiders

REFEREESREFEREESDemand FacilitatorsDemand FacilitatorsCurrent orientationCurrent orientationReactiveReactiveResponsiveResponsiveMediatingMediatingGatekeepersGatekeepersRisk AverseRisk Averse

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORSBuilding Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Page 8: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

8 © BMI-BRSCU

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

LEV

EL O

F I

NTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

LEV

EL O

F I

NTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

UN

AFEC

TED

STA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

PLAYERSPLAYERSCommittedCommittedIn the KnowIn the Know

RESERVESRESERVESInvolvedInvolvedKeep InformedKeep Informed

CROWDCROWDInterestedInterestedMinimal EffortMinimal Effort

REFEREESREFEREESConcernedConcernedKeep SatisfiedKeep Satisfied

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORSBuilding Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Page 9: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

9 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORS

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, developers, developers, Public Sector,Public Sector,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Mortgage Origination, (Mortgage Origination, Approval, Approval, Advances, Advances, Properties in Possession, Properties in Possession, Auctions)Auctions)

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors,Distributors,Contractors,Contractors,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Deposits, Repayments, (Deposits, Repayments, Insurance, cross selling) Insurance, cross selling) CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Property Values, Property (Property Values, Property reports (HPI), Statistics)reports (HPI), Statistics)

REFEREESREFEREESGovt Prov-, Local-Govt Prov-, Local-Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S, SARB, State MBA’S, SARB, State Tender Board,Tender Board,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS (Valuations, LTV ratios, (Valuations, LTV ratios, Mortgage Rate, term, Mortgage Rate, term, Affordability)Affordability)

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Page 10: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

10 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORS

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, developers, developers, Public Sector,Public Sector,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Mortgage Origination, (Mortgage Origination, Approval, Approval, Advances, Advances, Properties in Possession, Properties in Possession, Auctions)Auctions)

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors,Distributors,Contractors,Contractors,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Deposits, Repayments, (Deposits, Repayments, Insurance, cross selling) Insurance, cross selling) CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Property Values, Property (Property Values, Property reports (HPI), Statistics)reports (HPI), Statistics)

REFEREESREFEREESGovt Prov-, Local-Govt Prov-, Local-Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S, SARB, State MBA’S, SARB, State Tender Board,Tender Board,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS (Valuations, LTV ratios, (Valuations, LTV ratios, Mortgage Rate, term, Mortgage Rate, term, Affordability)Affordability)

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder AnalysisFinancial Institutions have INORDINATE Power and Interest. They play in all the quadrants of the Stakeholder Matrix and are SIMULTANEOUSLY PLAYERS, RESERVES, REFEREES and CROWD.They make the rules of the game and influence every facet of it.

Page 11: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

11 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORS

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, developers, developers, Public Sector,Public Sector,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Mortgage Origination, (Mortgage Origination, Approval, Approval, Advances, Advances, Properties in Possession, Properties in Possession, Auctions)Auctions)

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors,Distributors,Contractors,Contractors,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Deposits, Repayments, (Deposits, Repayments, Insurance, cross selling) Insurance, cross selling) CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Property Values, Property (Property Values, Property reports (HPI), Statistics)reports (HPI), Statistics)

REFEREESREFEREESGovt Prov-, Local-Govt Prov-, Local-Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S, SARB, State MBA’S, SARB, State Tender Board,Tender Board,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS (Valuations, LTV ratios, (Valuations, LTV ratios, Mortgage Rate, term, Mortgage Rate, term, Affordability)Affordability)

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Lanice Steward, MD of Anne Porter Knight Frank, says it is time that the regular bank reviews gave a more balanced picture of South African residential property."These bank surveys are widely consulted and

referred to and are highly influential. Where, it seems to me, they fall down is that they tend to reflect only the price moves on homes for which their bank has issued mortgage bonds.” (Business Day, 8 Feb 2011)

Page 12: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

12 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORS

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, developers, developers, Public Sector,Public Sector,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Mortgage Origination, (Mortgage Origination, Approval, Approval, Advances, Advances, Properties in Possession, Properties in Possession, Auctions)Auctions)

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors,Distributors,Contractors,Contractors,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONSDeposits, Repayments, Deposits, Repayments, Insurance) Insurance) CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS(Property Values, Property (Property Values, Property reports (HPI), Statistics)reports (HPI), Statistics)

REFEREESREFEREESGovt Prov-, Local-Govt Prov-, Local-Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, Authorities, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S, SARB, State MBA’S, SARB, State Tender Board,Tender Board,FINANCIAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS (Valuations, LTV ratios, (Valuations, LTV ratios, Mortgage Rate, term, Mortgage Rate, term, Affordability)Affordability)

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

COMPETING WITH THEIR CUSTOMERS – AND THE

BUILDING INDUSTRY?

A property becomes a Property in Possession (PIP) or Bank Repossessed Property, once a customer has defaulted and the bank's reserve price was not achieved at auction.Maintaining these properties is expensiveThe sale of PIP’s is in order to recover costs.

Page 13: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

13 © BMI-BRSCU

Page 14: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

14 © BMI-BRSCU

We understand that homes are expensive these days. That’s why FNB offers you Bank repossessed properties at hugely discounted prices. All prices are negotiable. FNB Homeloans also offers loans up to 100% and there are no transfer duties payable.

The properties are predominantly situated in what could be described as Middleclass areas. These areas are predominantly areas with an average property price of R300 000 – R650 000.

Page 15: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

15 © BMI-BRSCU

ABSA strategy in Repossession market powered by www.MyRoof.co.za

Page 16: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

16 © BMI-BRSCU

Standard Bank strategy in Repossession market.

Page 17: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

17 © BMI-BRSCU

NEDBANK strategy in Repossession market.

Page 18: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

18 © BMI-BRSCU

“Are we making the same mistake again, not to see a crisis in the making?”

Page 19: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

19 © BMI-BRSCU

How can we create an environment that gives us the leverage to influence the Financial Institutions?

Page 20: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

20 © BMI-BRSCU

Relationships and tools that can be used to manipulate a crisis have to be prepared for years – sometimes decades – in advance.

This reflects (Holling’s) belief that in a changing eco system the persistence of relationships matters more than anything else.

That’s a reason that the re-acquiring of habits of . . . cooperation in everything . . . is so essential.

It lets us begin to rebuild the webs of contacts, influence, and leverage to shape the environment around problems that we’ll never be able to attack directly. (Ramo: 2009: 214)

Page 21: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

21 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

There can be no return to high levels of employment and growth without finding a way of harnessing finance’s creative energies to allocate resources and risk so effectively that it spurs and speeds economic growth.

We must never forget that credit, and the need for securitisation too, is at the heart of a modern financial system. (Gordon Brown: 2010: 109)

There is a compelling need for wide Stakeholder collaboration to address common problems.

Page 22: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

22 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Animal Spirits drive almost everything. Animal Spirits are more than just confidence as measured by confidence indicators.

Declining Animal Spirits are the principal reason for the recent severe economic crisis.

And despite the recent positive

economic indicators, we see no clear indication that these spirits are yet revived. (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: vii)

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

We are facing the same problem today that we faced in the later years of the Great Depression – business today is inhibited by uncertainty about the future, about the tolerance of an angry public, about a disaffected labour force, and about what further government actions may be coming.

Animal Spirits are the forces that drives all of this, and to understand animal spirits we have to use methodologies outside of traditional economics, leading us to other social sciences.

Five psychological factors are of particular importance;

1. Confidence;2. Fairness;3. Corruption and bad faith;4. Money illusion; and

5. Stories. (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: ix)

Page 23: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

23 © BMI-BRSCU

RES

PO

NS

R

ES

PO

NS

Irra

tion

al

Irra

tion

al

Rati

on

al

Rati

on

al

Non EconomicNon Economic EconomicEconomicMOTIVESMOTIVES

Conventional Economic Conventional Economic TheoryTheory

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

How the Macro Economy behavesHow the Macro Economy behaves

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 24: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

24 © BMI-BRSCU

RES

PO

NS

R

ES

PO

NS

Irra

tion

al

Irra

tion

al

Rati

on

al

Rati

on

al

Non EconomicNon Economic EconomicEconomicMOTIVESMOTIVES

Conventional Economic Conventional Economic TheoryTheory

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

Economic theory Economic theory incorporating “Animal incorporating “Animal Spirits”. Spirits”.

How the Macro Economy behavesHow the Macro Economy behaves

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

Akerlof & Shiller believe that the answers to the most important questions regarding how the macro economy behaves and what we ought to do when it misbehaves lie largely (though not exclusively) within the three white boxes)

Page 25: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

25 © BMI-BRSCU

• The current model fills only the top right hand box; it The current model fills only the top right hand box; it answers the question: answers the question: How does the economy behave if How does the economy behave if people only have economic motives and if they people only have economic motives and if they respond to them rationally?respond to them rationally?•But that leads immediately to three more questions, But that leads immediately to three more questions, corresponding to the three blank boxes: corresponding to the three blank boxes: How does the How does the economy behave with non-economic motives and economy behave with non-economic motives and rational responses? With economic motives and rational responses? With economic motives and irrational responses? With non-economic motives and irrational responses? With non-economic motives and irrational responses? irrational responses? •Akerlof & Shiller believe that the answers to the most Akerlof & Shiller believe that the answers to the most important questions regarding how the macro economy important questions regarding how the macro economy behaves and what we ought to do when it misbehaves behaves and what we ought to do when it misbehaves lie lie largely (though not exclusively) within those three largely (though not exclusively) within those three blank boxes)blank boxes)•Their description of the economy fits the Their description of the economy fits the qualitative as qualitative as well as the quantitative facts,well as the quantitative facts, better than a macro- better than a macro-economics that leaves out irrational behaviour and non-economics that leaves out irrational behaviour and non-economic motives.economic motives.•Thus, they occasionally use statistics but for the most Thus, they occasionally use statistics but for the most part, rely on history and on part, rely on history and on stories. stories. (Akerlof & Shiller: (Akerlof & Shiller: 2009: 168)2009: 168)

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

How the Macro Economy behavesHow the Macro Economy behaves

© BMI-BRSCU

RESPO

NS

RESPO

NS

Irra

tiona

l Irra

tiona

l R

atio

nal

Rat

iona

l

Non EconomicNon Economic EconomicEconomicMOTIVESMOTIVES

Conventional Economic TheoryConventional Economic TheoryEconomic theory incorporating Economic theory incorporating ““Animal SpiritsAnimal Spirits””. .

Economic theory incorporating Economic theory incorporating ““Animal SpiritsAnimal Spirits””. .

Economic theory incorporating Economic theory incorporating ““Animal SpiritsAnimal Spirits””. .

Page 26: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

26 © BMI-BRSCU

The MFA CLIBI has moved sideways for four quarters, still reflecting widespread pessimism in the South African building industry … this is the first time that it has moved sideways for more than two quarters, an unprecedented occurrence … a recovery-in-waiting?

MFA COMPOSITE LEADING INDICATOR (CLIBI)FOR THE SOUTH AFRICAN BUILDING INDUSTRY

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

| 71 | 74 | 77 | 80 | 83 | 86 | 89 | 92 | 95 | 98 | 01 | 04 | 07 | 10 | 13

Source: FNB / BER; SARB; MFA DATABASE

PE

SS

IMIS

M <

50

> O

PT

IMIS

M

OPTIMISM

PESSIMISM

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

?

Page 27: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

27 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

A confident prediction is one that projects the future to be rosy; an unconfident prediction projects the future as bleak.

But if we look up confidence in the dictionary, we see that it is more than a prediction. The dictionary says that it means “trust” or “full belief”.

The word comes from the Latin “fido”, meaning “I trust”.

The confidence crisis that we are in at the moment is also called a “credit crisis”. The word “credit” derives from the Latin “credo”, meaning “I believe”. (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: 12)

If this is what we mean by confidence, then we see immediately why, if it varies over time, it should play a major role in the business cycle. Why?

In good times, people trust. They make decisions spontaneously. They know instinctively that they will be successful. They suspend their suspicions.

Asset values will be high and perhaps also increasing. As long as people remain trusting, their impulsiveness will not be evident.

But then, when the confidence disappears, the tide goes out. The nakedness of their decisions stand revealed.

When people are confident, they go out and buy; when they are unconfident they withdraw, and they sell.

Economic history is full of such cycles of confidence followed by withdrawal (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: 12,13)

Page 28: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

28 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

For some reason in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the idea that homes and apartments were spectacular investments, gained a stronghold on the public imagination in the United States and many other countries as well.

Not only did prices escalate, but there was palpable excitement about real estate investments; one could see the animal spirits in action everywhere.

It was the biggest home price boom in U.S. history. It extended over nearly a decade, beginning in the late 1990s.

Prices nearly doubled before the bust began in 2006. While it lasted, this spectacular boom mirrored in other countries as well, helped drive the entire world economy and its stock markets.

In its wake, it has left the biggest real estate crisis since the 1930s. The so-called sub-prime crisis, as well as a global financial crisis, the full dimensions of which still have to be grasped. (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: 149)

Page 29: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

29 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

For some reason in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the idea that homes and apartments were spectacular investments, gained a stronghold on the public imagination in the United States and many other countries as well.

Not only did prices escalate, but there was palpable excitement about real estate investments; one could see the animal spirits in action everywhere.

It was the biggest home price boom in U.S. history. It extended over nearly a decade, beginning in the late 1990s.

Prices nearly doubled before the bust began in 2006. While it lasted, this spectacular boom mirrored in other countries as well, helped drive the entire world economy and its stock markets.

In its wake, it has left the biggest real estate crisis since the 1930s. The so-called sub-prime crisis, as well as a global financial crisis, the full dimensions of which still have to be grasped. (Akerlof and Shiller: 2009: 149)

The story of the time . . .

Page 30: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

30 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

And then the story changed . . .

Page 31: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

31 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

A final problem dogging the market is that, in response to the financial crisis and the subsequent changes in liquidity requirements, banks have tightened their lending criteria and so fewer people now qualify for home loans. Therefore, even though rates are at multi-year lows, lending remains subdued.

Thanks to this perfect storm, it seems unlikely that the US housing market will recover any time soon. Indeed, further falls may well be on the cards. (Moneyweb, 31 May 2011)

Page 32: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

32 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

With employment prospects uncertain, people are less willing to take on new mortgage debt and less able to service their existing debt - the foreclosure rate remains elevated - thus keeping prices depressed.

Furthermore, many people are opting to rent, rather than buy, in order to avoid binding themselves to a particular geographic location; they want to be able to move to wherever the jobs are. (Moneyweb, 31 May 2011)

Page 33: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

33 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

A recent survey of 8000 Britons aged 20 to 45 found that more than three-quarters who don’t own property would like to, but 64% believe their chance of doing so is nil.

In Germany only 39% own the homes that they live in compared with about 60% in Britain and 50% in France. In South Africa some 80% own their homes, but this is likely to change in future. (The Independent, 31 May 2011)

Page 34: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

34 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

Nominal house price growth(80m²-400m², ≤R3,1 million)

(Source: ABSA HPI, Q4 2010)

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

Small

Medium

Large

In South Africa the story is similar.

Page 35: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

35 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

JOHANNESBURG - The Consumer Protection Act which comes into effect on April 1 2011, has raised several concerns, among them the lack of protection for landlords who feel the new legislation will offer them little recourse in the way of defaulting tenants.

The Act provides ample protection to investors and homeowners in their dealings with unscrupulous estate agents. However, some landlords feel the legislation leaves them in the lurch.

Abandon all hope in property. (?)

That is a rather brutal summary of the outlook for residential, commercial and industrial property described by First National's property guru John Loos and veteran property analyst Erwin Rode (pictured) at a symposium in Johannesburg. (David Carte writing on Moneyweb, 30 March 2011)

Who will build Rental housing?

Page 36: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

36 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

Adding to Consumer uncertainty and HOPELESSNESS?

Page 37: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

37 © BMI-BRSCU

ANIMAL SPIRITS AND CONFIDENCEwww.strategicforum.co.za

Do overseas Investors have a different, longer-term view of prospects for Property inSA??

Page 38: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

38 © BMI-BRSCU

Stage 1Hubris bornOf success

Stage 2Undisciplined

Pursuit of More

Stage 3Denial of Risk

and Peril

Stage 4Grasping for

Salvation

Stage 5Recovery and

Renewal

WELL FOUNDED HOPE

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

(Source: Based on Collins: How the Mighty Fall: 2009)

Page 39: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

39 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

Stage 1Hubris bornOf success

Stage 2Undisciplined

Pursuit of More

Stage 3Denial of Risk

and Peril

Stage 4Grasping for

Salvation

Stage 5Recovery and

Renewal

WELL FOUNDED HOPE

?

What will it take?

(Source: Based on Collins: How the Mighty Fall: 2009)

What can we do to What can we do to restore growth when one restore growth when one part of the Industry wants part of the Industry wants to save (and not spend) to save (and not spend) and the other wants to and the other wants to stop spending (and stop spending (and save)?save)?

BPP and BC

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 40: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

40 © BMI-BRSCU

Total Building Net Building in the Pipeline (NBIP): 1993-2010: BC and Ideal NBIP (INBIP) by Month: 1993-2009: R*1000 (Current Values) (Jan)

(Source: StatsSA, BMI-BRSCU: BC Total RSA by Month and Type of Building1993-2008: NBIP (BPP-BC): Chart 16)

-1,000,000

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

Total Building NBIP (BPP-BC) Total Building BCTotal Building INBIP 12 per. Mov. Avg. (Total Building NBIP (BPP-BC))12 per. Mov. Avg. (Total Building BC) 12 per. Mov. Avg. (Total Building INBIP)

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Can the Building Industry TRANSFORM and

REINVENT itself – can it recover?

Page 41: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

41 © BMI-BRSCU

New mortgage loans and readvances by month and application: 1993-2009 (September)(Source: SARB, BMI-BRSCU Workings)

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

1993

/01

1993

/07

1994

/01

1994

/07

1995

/01

1995

/07

1996

/01

1996

/07

1997

/01

1997

/07

1998

/01

1998

/07

1999

/01

1999

/07

2000

/01

2000

/07

2001

/01

2001

/07

2002

/01

2002

/07

2003

/01

2003

/07

2004

/01

2004

/07

2005

/01

2005

/07

2006

/01

2006

/07

2007

/01

2007

/07

2008

/01

2008

/07

2009

/01

2009

/07

R M

illio

ns

(Cu

rren

t V

alu

es)

New mortgage loans and re-advances applied on existing buildings

Gross new mortgage loans and re-advances for construction of buildings

Net new mortgage loans and re-advances applied on vacant land

12 per. Mov. Avg. (New mortgage loans and re-advances applied on existing buildings)

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

It will FUNDAMENTALLY depend on the strategy of

the FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.

Page 42: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

42 © BMI-BRSCU

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, Property developers,Property developers,Public Sector,Public Sector,Building IndustryBuilding Industry

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors,Distributors,Contractors, Financial Contractors, Financial Institutions,Institutions,Building IndustryBuilding Industry

CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,Building IndustryBuilding Industry

REFEREESREFEREESGovt, Provincial, Local-Govt, Provincial, Local-AuthoritiesAuthoritiesCIDB, NHBRC, SABS, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S,Agrement Board, MBA’S,SARB, State SARB, State Tender Tender Board,Board,Building IndustryBuilding Industry

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORS

Think “outside the box”. Change the “rules of the game”.Become a PRO-ACTIVE PLAYER in each of the quadrants of the Stakeholder Matrix.

How can we create an environment that gives us the leverage to influence the Banks?

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 43: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

43 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Building Industry Stakeholder AnalysisBuilding Industry Stakeholder Analysis

Low Low High HighPOWERPOWER

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

INTER

ES

T (

STA

KE)

UN

AFEC

TED

U

NA

FEC

TED

S

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SS

TA

KEH

OLD

ER

SLow

Low

Hig

hH

igh

PLAYERSPLAYERSProperty Entrepreneurs, Property Entrepreneurs, Property developers,Property developers,Building IndustryBuilding Industry(Mortgage Origination, (Mortgage Origination, Approval, Advances, Approval, Advances, Repossessions, Auctions)Repossessions, Auctions)

RESERVESRESERVESArchitects, Specifiers,Architects, Specifiers,Manufacturers, Manufacturers, Distributors, Financial Distributors, Financial Institutions.Institutions.Building IndustryBuilding Industry(Contractors, Deposits, (Contractors, Deposits, Repayments, Insurance)Repayments, Insurance) CROWDCROWDLabour, Labour, Unions,Unions,Consumer bodies,Consumer bodies,Building IndustryBuilding Industry(Property Values, Property (Property Values, Property reports (HPI), Statistics)reports (HPI), Statistics)

REFEREESREFEREESGovt, Prov-, Local-Govt, Prov-, Local-AuthoritiesAuthoritiesCIDB, NHBRC, SABS, CIDB, NHBRC, SABS, Agrement Board, MBA’S,Agrement Board, MBA’S,SARB, State Tender SARB, State Tender Board,Board,Building IndustryBuilding Industry (Valuations, LTV ratios, (Valuations, LTV ratios, Mortgage Rate, term, Mortgage Rate, term, Affordability, Quality)Affordability, Quality)

BYSTANDERS ACTORSBYSTANDERS ACTORSDevelop an Igniting INDUSTRY Vision and a Grand Strategy: Promote Building as the engine for growth, nation building and wealth creation through Property Ownership.

Develop an Igniting INDUSTRY Vision and a Grand Strategy: Promote Building as the engine for growth, nation building and wealth creation through Property Ownership.

Page 44: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

44 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Productive capacity

Alliances,Joint

Ventures

Cross functional

Networking

Enterprise Development,

BEE

Skills Training and Development

Leadership,Lobbying,Advocacy

Modeling cooperative behaviour

REINVENTION

The Hot Spot Scenario: mapping emergence(Based on Gratton: 2007: 145)

Management Training and Development

INDUSTRY

Government Labour

Page 45: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

45 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Productive capacity

Alliances,Joint

Ventures

Cross functional

Networking

Enterprise Development,

BEE

Skills Training and Developmen

t

Leadership,Lobbying,Advocacy

Modeling cooperative behaviour

REINVENTION

The Hot Spot Scenario: mapping emergence(Based on Gratton: 2007: 145)

Management Training and Development

INDUSTRY

Government Labour

Who in the building and property industry is driving a vision of any description? Is there even a vision at all?

Who will appropriate the role to champion the cause to promote nation-building through home-ownership, property as a preferred investment and building as an engine for growth and wealth-creation? And WHO WILL ADVOCATE THE HOPES AND DREAMS of millions of homeowners (and that of an industry that employs over one million people)?

The more peers we can bring online for the business of saving the world, the easier the effort will be, and in a sense, the stronger we will each be. (Ramo: 2009: 240)

Page 46: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

46 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Productive capacity

Alliances,Joint

Ventures

Cross functional

Networking

Enterprise Development,

BEE

Skills Training and Developmen

t

Leadership,Lobbying,Advocacy

Modeling cooperative behaviour

REINVENTION

The Hot Spot Scenario: mapping emergence(Based on Gratton: 2007: 145)

Building: The Engine for Growth and Wealth Creation. Property a preferred investment

Management Training and Development

INDUSTRY

Government Labour

Page 47: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

47 © BMI-BRSCU

We have concluded that it is not one single body or institution or company that should develop and drive an igniting vision for the building industry.

The industry COLLECTIVELY must take ACCOUNTABILITY to develop an igniting vision of Nation Building through Home Ownership, Property as a Preferred Investment and Building as an Engine for Growth and Wealth Creation.

We envision that every major organisation in the Building Industry from Development to Manufacturing, to Distribution, to Contracting and Finance should adopt this overarching vision and customise it for their

own vision (see example of Claybrick.org overleaf).

Then the Building and Property Industry will indeed become a HOT SPOT industry driven by an igniting vision, a collaborative mind-set, cross boundary networking and the productive capability to make South Africa a Winning Nation. Then a repetition of the sub-prime crisis will not catch a cooperating industry unawares.

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 48: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

48 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 49: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

49 © BMI-BRSCU

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 50: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

50 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

NATIONAL ISSUES

GROWTH WEALTHEMPLOYMENT PROPERTY

ORGANISATION’S ROLE

INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT

MARKETING LOGISTICS

VISIONBuilding is the engine for growth and wealth creation through Property Ownership and THE ORGANISATION is the preferred Partner for good as the green BUILDING solution of choice.

MANUFACTURING

BUILDING INDUSTRY AN ENGINE OF GROWTH

REINVENTIONDoing well while

doing good.

REINVENTIONDoing well while

doing good.

YESTERDAY’S ECONOMY

TOMORROW’SECONOMY

NARROW FOCUS ON COMPANY

NARROW FOCUS ON COMPANY

BROAD FOCUS ON CONTRIBUTION TO NATIONAL ISSUES

BROAD FOCUS ON CONTRIBUTION TO NATIONAL ISSUES

Overarching INDUSTRY vision aligned with National Issues, adapted and customised by the organisation for their own vision and values. MISSION

Developing and growing competitive awareness, knowledge and support of END USERS and maintaining consistent standards in the environmentally friendly production of PRODUCTS for good value and performance in building.

VALUESThe Organisation has an igniting vision, a culture, or mind set of co-operation, collaboration and cross-boundary networking; and a production capability to facilitate delivery of fit for purpose products and

solutions and based on the unashamedly ethical values and code of conduct of:• Respect• Responsibility• Honesty• Integrity• Accountability• Collaboration

BORROWBUY BURN

ENVIRONMENTALSUSTAINABILITY

SOCIALSUSTAINABILITY

ECONOMICSUSTAINABILITY

STRATEGIC DRIFT AND REINVENTIONwww.strategicforum.co.za

Page 51: The role of the banks and the strategic response of the building industry

51 © BMI-BRSCU© BMI-BRSCU

TowardsBuilding: The Engine for Growth and Wealth Creation

Dr. Llewellyn B. LewisDr. Llewellyn B. LewisMarch 2011March 2011

THE STRATEGIC FORUMTHE STRATEGIC FORUM

A place of assembly for strategic conversations

BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

Reg. No. 2002/105109/23

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

Reg. No. 2002/105109/23

•BMI

Studium Ad Prosperandum

Voluntas in Conveniendum

BUILDING RESEARCHSTRATEGY CONSULTINGUNIT cc

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI

•BMI