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Determine pH of each of the solutions on your notes based on
the concentration of H+ ions.1.44
0.82
3.10
1.12
-1.000
2.04
4.173.68
How would you explain the relationship between pH and the
hydrogen ion concentration based on this graph?
The acidity of a solution can be precisely measured using
a pH meter.
1. Start with the
prefix hydro-
2. Add the root of the
anion
3. End with the suffix
-ic
4. Add the word acid
Hydro
HCl+ chlor + ic acid
1. Start with the
prefix hydro-
2. Add the root of the
anion
3. End with the suffix
-ic
4. Add the word acid
Hydro
HBr+ brom + ic acid
Try it one more time!
1. Start with the
prefix hydro-
2. Add the root of the
second element
3. End with the suffix
-ic
4. Add the word acid
Hydr
HI
+ iod + ic acid
HI is a slight exception to the rule. We leave the “o”
off of the end of hydro
HNO3
Add the root of the
second element
End with the suffix
-ic
Add the word acid
Nitr + ic acid =
First you must identify the ion. This is nitrate. Since the polyatomic ion ends with –ate, you will end the name of the acid with the suffix –ic.Nitrate
HNO2
Add the root of the
second element
End with the suffix
-ous
Add the word acid
Nitr + ous acid =
This is nitrite. Since the polyatomic ion ends with –ite, you will end the name of the acid with the suffix –ous.
Nitrite
H2SO4
While you might think the acids of sulfate (SO4-2)
and sulfite (SO3-2) would be sulfic acid and
sulfous acid, we actually use more than just the beginning of sulfur in the names of these acids. The same is true for phosphate.
H2SO3 H3PO4
1. Binary acids ALWAYS begin with the prefix hydro-
2. Binary acids ALWAYS end with the suffix -ic
3. Acids of oxyanions NEVER begin with hydro-
4. If an oxyanion end with –ate, its acid will end with –ic.
5. If an oxyanion end with –ite, its acid will end with –ous.
hydrobromic acidcarbonic acidnitrous acidchromic acid
hydrofluoric acidphosphoric acid
hydrochloric acidacetic acid
Arrhenius bases are named according to the rules of ionic compounds. We learned these earlier.
NaOH
Name the metal ion
Name the anion
Sodium Hydroxide
Remember that Arrhenius defined
bases as hydroxide ion donors. This means that every Arrhenius base will contain the
anion hydroxide.
potassium hydroxidebarium hydroxide
cesium hydroxidecalcium hydroxide
lithium hydroxideammonium hydroxide
