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7-2: Eukaryotic Cell Structure
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Unit 3: Basic Cell
Structure & Function
Ms. PetrucciBiology
Features of the Cell: The Organelles
Prokaryotic cell parts
Eukaryotic Cells: Animal Cell
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant Cells
Let’s pick it apart…one organelle at a time!
Wait…What’s an Organelle?
• You tell me…– What is an organ?
• Think back to chapter 1
– What is an organelle?• specialized structure that
performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell.
Nucleus
Contains nearly all of
the cells DNA and with it the
coded instructions for making
proteins and other important molecules
The Nuclear Envelope
The nuclear envelope is layer of two membranes
that surrounds the nucleus of
a cell
The Nuclear Pores
The nuclear pores allow
material to move into and out of the nucleus.
Chromatin
Chromatin is the granular material visible within the
nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins.
Chromosomes
Chromosomes are distinct threadlike
structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation to the
next.
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
• Proteins are assembled on
ribosomes
• Ribosomes are small particles
of RNA and protein found
throughout the cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER is the site where lipid components of
the cell membrane are
assembled, along with
proteins and other materials
that are exported from
the cell.
Rough ER
1 2
Which one is rough? 1 or 2?
What makes the rough ER rough?
Smooth ER
1 2
Which one is smooth? 1 or
2?
What makes the smooth ER smooth?
Golgi Apparatus
The function of the Golgi Apparatus is to modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell.
Vesicles
Specific Vesicle: Lysosomes & Peroxisomes
Central Vocuole
• Why are these flowers red?
• Are their vacuoles in animal cells?
Mitochondria
Plastids: Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton
Functions of the Cytoplasm
• The cytoplasm has several important functions, including
– suspending cell organelles
– pushing against the plasma membrane to help the cell keep its shape
– providing a site for many of the biochemical reactions of the cell
Centrioles
Plasma Membrane
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moPJkCbKjBs
Cell Wall
What do Plant Cells Have that animal cells do not??
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm