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Animal PregnancyAnimal Biology
by: Miko Atkins, Staci Davis, and Ofelia Patrick
Topics of Discussion● Pregnancy in Deuterostomes● Pregnancy in Protostomes● Gestation Periods
Deuterostomes● Morphologically complex● Share similar development● Variable morphology & behavior● Develop anus first, as opposed to protostomes
4 Phyla of Deuterostomes:- Echinodermata: sea stars & sea urchins- Hemichordata: acorn worms- Chordata: vertebrates- Xenoturbellida: worm-like organisms *more recently discovered
Deuterostome Gestation Period
Sea Horse 14 days - 4 weeks
Starfish No gestation period, but the time it takes for a fertilized starfish egg to develop into a baby starfish is around 2 months depending on the species
Human 36-40 weeks
Chimpanze 32-33 weeks
Humpback Whales 12-15 months
Elephants 20-21 months
Deuterostome Gestation
The Seahorse
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMzMuLmjMW4
Male Pregnancy… Yes, Males
Ummm i’m sure there must be some type of mistake...
We’re not related riiight???
Protostome Reunion
● Protostomes have true tissues, they are bilaterally symmetric, and the mouth develops first during embryonic development
● Protostomes also have an anterior brain, central nervous system, and a coelum.
Protostomes
Development of C. elegans ● There are precisely 959 cells
during development● Development of C. elegans
from larvae to adulthood takes 2.5 days at 25 degrees celsius.
● During periods of starvation C. elegans develops into Dauer larvae, once food is available the dauer larvae reaches the L4 stage and the life cycle takes about 3 days.
C. elegens
HCG Placenta produces Stop ovaries from maturing egg ea month during pregnancy High level= increase nausea and vomiting
Hormones in pregnancy
Progesterone corpus luteum produces until 10 weeks then placenta takes over production relaxes uterus muscle, help keep immune system healthy relaxes smooth muscle and blood pressure increase hair growth
Estrogen develop fetus organ and other bodily systems enhances uterus response to oxytocin responsible for skin changes
Oxytocin stretches cervix for labor stimulates milk production Prolactin prepare breast tissue for lactation and milk release
