Academy of Sciences of Moldova World Federation of Scientists

Scholarship Programme of the World Federation of Scientists in the Republic

of MoldovaAcad. Prof. Gheorghe DUCA,

PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF MOLDOVA

Scholarship Programme of the World Federation of Scientists

in the Republic of Moldova2015-2016

Researches concerning the obtaining of biologically active compounds from tomato wastes using the CO2-extraction method

PhD student, 3rd year Olga MIGALATIEVScientific supervisor, Dr. Vavil CARAGIA

The complex processing of tomato, the complete extraction of important components, and the rational management of tomato cannery wastes represent an important issue that needs to be solved. After making tomato juice it is obtained a mixture of seeds, peels and a small amount of pulp, which represent 25-35% of the raw material mass. These wastes could serve as a raw material for a safe, environmentally friendly and innovative technology - the supercritical CO2 extraction.

Within the National Scholarship Programme of WFS it has been researched the supercritical CO 2 extraction process, the obtained products and their directions of use. The scientific results obtained within the project were presented and published in more then 7 proceedings.

Figure 1. Tomato wastes collection, JSC“Orhei-Vit”

Figure 2. Tomato wastes drying, Biosec Domus B5

dryer

Figure 3. Dried tomato wastes Figure 4. Grinded tomato wastes

Figure 5. Supercritical fluid extraction plant, type НА 120-50-01С Figure 6. CO2 extract from tomato wastes Figure 7. CO2 meal from tomato wastes

Scientific and Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies

3rd year PhD Student: Ludmila BEJENARUScientific supervisor : Dr. Hab. Agafia USATÎI

Conclusion: The relevance of the research is determined by the wide range of applications of mannoproteins preparation due to their multipurpose capabilities and the solutions they provide in solving the problems related to deficit of local natural products. The results of the study will have significant socio-economic impact - mannoprotein bioproduct will help develop a wide range of food ingredients with high efficacy and a reasonable prime cost.

The scientific results obtained within the project were presented and published in more then 8 proceedings.

Yeasts present an increased interest as producers of polysaccharides, mannoproteins, in particular. The economic value of mannoproteins is given by the possibility of their use in various fields - medicine, industry, food, wine, etc.

The stages of the project are consist of: • Obtaining of microbial mannoproteins by culturing Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18 yeast strain on

nutrient medium in the presence of nanomaterials and selecting the preferred forms to enhance the biotechnological performance of the producer;

• Optimization of the process of mannoprotein production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18 yeast strain by physico-chemical methods;

• Establishment of antioxidant and antiradical activity of mannoproteic preparation obtained from yeasts; • Purification, physico-chemical characterization and development of scientific and technical documentation of

the production under laboratory conditions of the polysaccharide bioproduct obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18 yeast strain and used in nutrition;

• Recovery of mannoproteic preparation obtained from yeast as a gelling agent and food emulsifier.

Mannoproteins Bioproduct from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast with Applicative Potential in Nutrition

Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

Diachronic approach of the European musical culture of the 20th century

PhD student Mihaela RUSU Scientific advisor: Dr. Hab. , Prof. Victor MORARU

Project contents:

This research project was carry out in order to determine the defining elements of the evolution of musical thinking of the investigated period. It involves a theoretical investigation of some aesthetic directions such as: dodecaphonic serialism, concrete music, aleatorism, integral serialism, stochastic music

and consequently - the formulation of a comprehensive definition of the term new music.

Project results:

By the application of hermeneutics method, diachronic approach and analysis of the creations of famous personalities from the field (A. Schoenberg, A. Berg, B. Bartok, G. Enescu, I. Stravinski, Ch. Ives, Ed. Varèse, A. Webern, K. Stockhausen, P. Boulez, O. Messiaen, J. Cage, L. Nono) were determined the main development opportunities for the contemporary musical culture.

The results obtained within the project have been published in 2 research articles and presented at national and international conferences.

to build melodic figure,

where all sounds are used in a different order

no sound will be repeated before the other 11.This figure is called the Dodecaphony.1. We use 12 different sounds

Architectonics which includes 4 (4

x 12) melodic fragments, and these, in their

turn, will serve to create the musical

work.

Fig. 1. Graphical representation of the serial system.

Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

As already noted, extracts from grape seed exhibit remarkable antibacterial effect and this property is mainly associated with a combinatorial synergy among polyphenols from the extract. Unfortunately, the activity and spectrum of action of these biologically active compounds is limited. In order to use the full potential of bioactive polyphenols by oral route, through the skin or intravenously, there is a need for modelling new compositions to protect the integrity of the structure, the principles of natural assets, to obtain an increase of the bioavailability and to ”carry” the therapeutic agent to the target.

Main purpose of the research project: Obtaining highly efficient polymer materials for entrapment of modified polyphenols.

During this project objectives have been achieved with following results:- It was obtained a modified polyphenol complex (Tox) after treatment of grapevine

by-product from local winery. - In order to facilitate the entrapment of polyphenols into chitosan matrix, several

derivatives of chitosan have been synthesized such as chitosan lactate(Cht-Lac), chitosan dihydroxyfumaric acid (Cht-DFH4) and chitosan arabinose (Cht-Cl). Their physico-chemical properties have been studied by determination of swelling behavior, AFM, FT-IR, NMR, UV-Vis, potentiometric titration and others.

- Combination of two matrix modified polymers (chitosan/cellulose and their derivatives) resulted in more efficient entrapment of modified polyphenols in a ratio Cht:Cellulose (3:1).

Supra-molecular hybrid Chitosan-Cellulose hydrogels for efficient entrapment of modified polyphenols

Executor: 3rd year PhD student, Alexandru GONTA, Scientific supervisor: Corresponding member, Prof., dr. hab.Tudor LUPASCU

bio-waste mass of shrimps, crabs, mollusksWine grape secondary bio-

waste product

Chitosan-Cl /carboxymethylcellulose - Tox hydrogel biomedical apllication

chitosan

Polyphenol

Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

Identification and Assessment of Genes Potentially Involved in Cardiovascular Diseases

PhD student: Daniela ABDUSA,Supervisor: Acad., Prof. Maria DUCA

The main objective of this study is to identify, new candidate genes potentially associated with cardiovascular diseases, whose expression

patterns could serve as diagnostic markers for these pathologies.

This research is the first in the Republic of Moldova in which the expression of the genes potentially involved in CVDs was evaluated based on blood samples, which is minimally invasive and relatively inexpensive compared to many traditional procedures, such as biopsies.

Gene expression analysis allowed us to determine changes in the gene expression pattern for each studied pathology, and has revealed the

following:

all studied genes (18 genes) showed a decreased expression in the atrial fibrillation associated with coronary artery disease, as well in the coronary artery disease;

the cardiomyopathy group was characterized by increased gene expression of NPPB, ELAVL1, ABCA1, INHBA, JAK2, ScD, TNFRSF11B, ITGB1, CYP2C8, HAS1; and decreased expression level of the genes IL8, THBS1, TIMP1, SSPN, ITGBL1, CYP4B1, KRT19 and RGS1;

gene expression profile in the congenital aortic stenosis was characterized by increased transcriptional activity of genes NPPB, ELAVL1, ABCA1, JAK2, THBS1, SCD, TIMP1, SSPN, ITGB1, CYP2C8, HAS1, CYP4B1, RGS1 and reducing of IL8, INHBA, TNFRSF11B, ITGBL1 and KRT19 levels of gene expression.

University of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

To highlight the biological and technical characteristics, and to make comparisons in these scientific investigations there were used several new types of blackberry (Thornless evergree, Cester, Arapaho, Thornfree, Smothstem of American origin, Polar -Polish origin, Loch Ness Scottish- origin, that originate from such species as Rubus fruticosus ., Rubus laciniatus, R canadensis, the Rosaceae family.

After conducting this study was experimentally tested and established nutrit medium suitable for initiating in vitro new blackberry cultivars without thorns.

After testing different nutrient media with different growth regulators, microclonation process was favorable and tested blackberry cultivars gave positive response.

After the effective period of acclimatization seedlings, blackberry plants are planted in the field. Transplantation is carried out in the open, experimental territory of the Botanical Garden of Academy of science of Moldova (ASM), collection of fruit trees in order to collect valuable and diversify the productive cultivation of fruit trees.

In vitro multiplication of important blackberry varieties as a source of biologically active substances

2nd year PhD Student Mariana LOZINSCHII, Scientific supervisor: Dr.. Nina CIORCHINA

Botanical Garden (Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova)

CONTRIBUTIONS TO ESTABLISHMENT OF QUANTITATIVE INDICES CHARACTERIZING SOIL LOSSES DEPENDING ON THE DEGREE OF EROSION

3rd year PhD Student Olesea COJOCARU, Scientific advisor, dr. Vladimir FILIPCIUC

- the analysis of data on soil loss by washing to the degree of erosion we obtained: in the weakly eroded soil losses were 9.3 t/ha, moderately eroded at 12.8 t/ha, increasing to 22.2 t/ha in the soil with strong degree of erosion. Therefore, the allowable limit soil losses (5 t/ha) is exceeded by 1.6 to 3.7 times.

- the final infiltration rate of water in the investigated pedological erosion soils is: for not eroded - very high (75 mm/h); weakly eroded - large (49 mm/h); moderately eroded - middle (35 mm/h); highly eroded - small (20 mm/h).

Investigations : on the terrain and in the laboratory

According to the obtained result of pedological investigations both on the terrain field and in the laboratory on this topic, we have obtained:

Institute of Pedology, Agrochemistry and Soil Protection „N. Dimo”

Monitoring and determining the level of helminth infestation of green ranida complex Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae and Rana esculenta

(AMPHIBIA) in the central zone of the Republic of Moldova 3nd year PhD student: Elena GHERASIMScientific adviser Dr. Hab.: Dumitru ERHAN

From the proposed objectives for realization in this project offered by WFS have been achieved:

It has been established the helmintofauna diversity of green ranida complex (Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae, Rana esculenta) and found their infestation with 16 helminths species which belong to 3 classes: Trematoda (10 species), Secernentea (4 species) and Palaeacanthocephala (2 species).

It has been revealed that the infestation level with helminths of green ranida (Rana ridibunda, Rana lessonae, Rana esculenta) in dependence of seasonal factors, during the spring-summer - autumn, depends on both the helminth species and the host species.

It has been found that the level of infection increases with the age of the host, thus, no larval forms infestation was recorded, and at the 3 of the 14 juveniles was found to have been infected with one species of helminths: Diplodiscus subclavatus, Cosmocerca ornata, Oswaldocruzia filiformis.

The laboratory researches.Sampling helminthological material.

10

4

1

10

42

8

4

1

9

42

7

3 24

2 1

Rana ridibunda Rana lessonae Rana esculenta

masculifemele

Fig. 1. Level of infestation with helminthes of the species from green ranida complex depending on the

host gender

Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

The study of photochemical transformation legalities of some thiol substances in the natural waters

3rd year PhD Student Angela LISScientific adviser: Acad., Prof.: Gheorghe DUCA

In the result of implementation of the WFS Grant is opportune to formulate the following conclusions:

Was synthesized chemical actinometer, Potassium Ferrioxalate K3[Fe(C2O4)3] · 3H2O (Fig. 1.);It was determined the intensity of light of the lamp DRT-400, Oriel Solar Simulator Model 9119X, which is endowed with three different filter and the lamp which emanates radiation with λ = 254 nm and λ = 365 nm, using chemical actinometer, Potassium Ferrioxalate;It was found that light intensity not depends on the using chemical actinometer concentration;- It was found that cysteine and glutathione are subject to the direct photolysis and reaction rate depends directly proportional to their initial concentrations, light intensity and spectrum of light flux (Fig.2-3.);.

- Thiols are reducing substances and hard oxidable in the presence of O2, therefore lead to the consumption of the H2O2 from waters, as a consequence diminishing the water self-purification capacity;

- The oxidation of thiols in the presence of H2O2 and transition metals is conducted by radical mechanism;

- The humic substances can serve as sensitizing particles in sensitized photolysis of the thiols.

Moldova State University