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Talk given at Evolution 2014.
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Cryptic and not-so-cryptic species in sea cucumbers
François Michonneau
@FrancoisInvert
University of Florida &Florida Museum of Natural History
Sanciangco et al, 2013 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056245.g001
Sanciangco et al, 2013 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056245.g001
» Study of diversification
● Clear understanding of species limits● Comprehensive geographic sampling● Accurate estimation of the timing of events
» Study of diversification
● Clear understanding of species limits● Comprehensive geographic sampling● Accurate estimation of the timing of events
but...● Very limited fossil record● Morphology not always useful● Species distributions change through time
» Study of diversification
● Clear understanding of species limits● Comprehensive geographic sampling● Accurate estimation of the timing of events
but...● Multi-locus data● Statistical models
» General approach
● Species delineation● General Mixed Yule Coalescent● Multi-species coalescent (*BEAST)
● Timing of diversification● Time-calibrated phylogeny (BEAST)● Using closure of isthmus of Panama
» H. impatiens (Forsskål, 1775)
» H. impatiens (Forsskål, 1775)
"Of all holothurians, Holothuria impatiens is, I believe, the most perplexing to the systematist for it displays a diversity of color most unusual in a holothurian", Clark 1921
» Sampling
● Geographical sampling:● 220 individuals across range
» Sampling
● Geographical sampling:● 220 individuals across range
● Genetic sampling:● Mitochondrial 2487 bp● Nuclear:
– 1250 bp (protein, anonymous)– 2206 bp (ribosomal)
» Species delineation with GMYC
Time
» Species delineation with GMYC
Time
» Species delineation with GMYC
COI
» Species delineation with *BEAST
● Statistical model● Multi-species coalescent● Estimate demographic
parameters● Model comparison
● Bayes Factors● Path & stepping-stone
sampling● Test number of species
and assignment
» Species delineation with *BEAST
» Species delineation with *BEAST
» Species delineation with *BEAST
» Species delineation with *BEAST
» Species delineation with *BEAST
2 MY 0
» Rates of secondary sympatry● Turbinids
● 100% allopatry between sister ESUs (Meyer et al 2005)
● Cowries● 94% allopatry
between sister ESUs (Meyer & Paulay)
» Conclusions
● At least 12 species● Some can be told apart● Others cannot
● Recent radiation● Rapid secondary sympatry● Mechanisms?
● Better understanding of patterns of diversity
» Funding
● NSF● PEET● DDIG● ADBC (iDigBio)
● University of Florida
Questions?
@FrancoisInvert
Photos CC-BY available at:http://francoismichonneau.net/photos/