Enhancing legume productivity to improve benefits for smallholder farmers in SSA

A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium

Enhancing legume productivity to improve

benefits for smallholder farmers in SSA

F. Baijukya, P. Ebanyat, S. Adjei-Nsiah, E. Sangodele, E. Wolde-meskel T. Ampadu-Boakye, F. Kanampiu, E. Baars,

B. Vanlauwe

24th November 2015

(R4D Week 2015)

A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org

Putting Nitrogen fixation to

work for small holder farmer

Enhancing legume productivity to improve

benefits for smallholder farmers in SSA

F. Baijukya, P. Ebanyat, S. Adjei-Nsiah, E. Sangodele, E. Wolde-meskel T. Ampadu-Boakye, F.

Kanampiu, E. Baars, B. Vanlauwe

IITA R4D Week, Ibadan, November, 2015


Why Grain Legumes?

Enhancing agricultural productivity through (intensification and

diversification of farming systems), stimulate productivity of crops grown

in rotation, intercropping

Protein-rich grain directly addresses food and nutrition needs of the

poor

Diverse opportunities for women (value addition for cash income,

household nutrition, etc.)

contribute to soil nitrogen (improving soil fertility)

crop residues provide high-quality feed for livestock


Hypothesis

Business led partnerships will lead to

sustainable delivery and adoption of grain

legume technologies


Approach

Delivery and Dissemination being the core

M&E providing the learning/feedback

Research (diagnosis) analyses and

feedback

D&D = Dissemination and Delivery

M&E = Monitoring and Evaluation

M&E

D&D

Research


PROGRESS WITH DISSEMINATION &

RESEARCH


Dissemination of best-bet Technologies


Focal adaptations to support tailoring of

technologies

Example from DRC


Research Responding to feedback on

technologies’ results


Understanding cause of yield variations:

Case of Beans Tanzania


Scatter graph of stake density (left) and stake height (right) and climbing bean yield for the two poorest and the two wealthiest household classes in Rwanda.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

Fre

sh

gra

in y

ield

(t

/ h

a)

Stake density (no. / ha)

Very poor orPoor

Well-off or Rich

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

100 200 300

Stake height (cm)

Socio-economic factors in yield difference: Case

of Staking and Climbing beans yield in Rwanda


Yields segregated by gender: case of

Rwanda

Without DAP

(kg/ha)

With DAP

(kg/ha)

Women 1107 1659

Men 1733 2517

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Clim

bin

g b

ea

n y

ield

with

ma

nu

re a

nd

P

fert

ilise

r (t

ha

-1)

Climbing bean yield with manure only (t ha-1)

Women

Men


Improving Technologies to respond to constraints

identified


Rhizobia Bio-prospecting : Case of Common

bean, Chickpea & Faba bean in Ethiopia

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

50

c

50

d

51

a1

51

a2 51

c

61

a

61

d

70

c

73

b1

73

b2

73

c

73

d

73

e1.

73

e2.

73

e2*

CH

24-1

0 4x

10

a

10

b

12

x

13

x

20

a

21

a

40

a

47

x

56

b

59

x

75

x

82

x

HB

429

CIA

T89

9

USD

A2

66

7

C5

11

USD

A1

10

NA

K9

1

NA

K9

7

NA

K1

03

NA

K1

04 N-

N+

shootdrwt Rootdrwt Noddrwt

Rhizobial Strains

Dry

wei

ght

(g/p

lan

t)

Potential local strains identified

Commercialization - HB429 in Ethiopia by

Menagesha PLC inoculant company (MBI)


Improving packages - Uganda

Targeted modifications of nutrient management packages

required for closing on-farm yield gaps. E.g.: micronutrients

+ lime +PK for climbing bean production than only P

Baseline

yield

Gra

in y

ield

(k

g h

a-1

)

Pot. yield

(a) Groundnut (b) Climbing Beans

SED AEZ** SED Fert*

SED AEZ *** SED Fert ***


Enhancing accessing to input and output markets


Design for Sustainability

Crosscutting Issues: Gender Mainstreaming and Enhancing Agriculture Nutrition Linkage


Access to input (technologies) and output

Markets: Ghana & Ethiopia

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2012 2013 2014 2015

Production and sales of inoculants in Ethiopia

Production Volumes (packets) Sales volumes (packets)

% Sales:

2012-2014: 33-50%

2015: 65%

Main buyers:

2012-2014: BoA, Projects

2015: BoA, Projects, Unions

(Members and non members)

Estimated land covered: 16,757ha

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Target Achieved Male Female

Nu

mb

er

of

Farm

ers

Number of Farmers participating in collective marketing in Ghana

2014 2015

% increase in number of farmers:

69%

Estimated soybeans sold in 2014:

2,390 tons

Estimated soybeans sold in 2015:

5,160 tons

% increase in soybeans sold

(2014-2015): 28%

*Packet-125g


Gender Empowerment

Country Women specific businesses identified

Ghana -Bulking of soybeans for marketing

-Processing of soymilk

-Processing of Soy khebab

Ethiopia -Local women inoculant dealers for MBI in target

areas

-Grain marketing in unions/Cooperatives

Uganda -Climbing bean seed production

Borno -Bulk buying of soybean

-Fish farming (using soybean products)

-Poultry farming for youth

-Groundnut oil processing

Season

volume of seed

produced (kg) Returns (USD)

2015A 1,050 926

2015B 7,000 6,176

*50% of Returns goes into production

Women engagement in seed production in

Uganda


Nutrition Award

Received an award as part of three

projects out of 50 around the world

contributions towards bridging the gaps

between nutrition, agriculture, and food

security

An initiative of World Bank: Secure

Nutrition Knowledge Platform in

partnership with the Global Alliance for

Improved Nutrition (GAIN) and Save the

Children, UK Award for Most Scalable Approach:

N2Africa, outstanding nutrition-

sensitive agriculture project

https://www.securenutritionplatform.org/Pages/Home.aspx

https://www.securenutritionplatform.org/Pages/Home.aspx

http://www.gainhealth.org/

http://www.gainhealth.org/

http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/

http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/


Lessons learnt

Integration of scientific disciplines (biophysical, socio-economic,

etc.) helps to unravel the constraints and understand how best to

intervene

Market-led research leads to uptake of technologies (demand

driven)

Transparency contributes to trust and helps build partnerships

Business led Partnerships contributes to inputs and outputs

markets

Demand prediction is key for the continuous supply of technologies


Future Outlook

Balanced nutrient combinations to improve technology packages

Integration of socio economic factors (access to resources, gender,

etc) in improving technologies

Further research into understanding yield gaps to reach the

potentials yields of specific crops

Nutrient use efficiency

Tools to enable targeting of different technologies at various scales

Tool to determine aggregate input and output demand


THANK YOU

Science

Enhancing legume productivity to improve benefits for smallholder farmers in SSA