2  November  2015  

Regulatory  System  of  Fishes  Conservation  for  Hydro  Development  §  Federal  Law:  Endangered  Species  Act,  ESA  §  Regulatory  Department:  

•  United  States  Fish  and  Wildlife  Service  (USFWS):    Terrestrial  and  fresh  species  

•  National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Administration  Fisheries  (NOAA):  Ocean  and  migratory  species  

§  13  fish  species  listed  in  the  ESA  §  FCRPS  Biological  Opinions:  proposed  by  NOAA  Fishes  and  

implemented  by  FCRPS  §  FCRPS  BiOp:  2008,  2010,  2014  

Requirements  and  Implementation  

§  Reasonable  and  Prudent  Alternatives  (RPAs)  6  Categories-­‐Strategy-­‐73  Actions  •  Adaptive  Management  Actions  •  Hydro  Actions  •  Habitat  Actions  •  Hatchery  Actions  •  Predation  Management  Actions  •  Research,  Mentoring,  and  Evaluation  Actions  

A  spillway  weir  provides  surface  passage  for  fish  at  McNary  Dam  

Facility  improvement  

Fish-­‐friendly  turbines  at  Bonneville  Dam  

Facility  improvement  

Fish  passage  facilities:  16  fishways  at  8  dams    

Fish  passages  

4  fishways  at  Bonneville  Dam(1930)  

Fish  passages  Survival  standards  of  fish  passage:  

•  Adult  fish:  90-­‐94%  between  Bonneville  and  Lower  Granite  

•  Rainbow  trout:  90-­‐94%  at  each  dam  •  Juvenile  fish:  96%  in  spring  and  93%  in  summer  at  each  

dam  

Juvenile  transportation  

Effects  

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

1938

1940

1942

1944

1946

1948

1950

1952

1954

1956

1958

1960

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

106 尾

年份

每年通过数目 10年移动平均

Cost:  At just the Federal Columbia/Snake River hydropower projects：~ 700 million US$ are spent annually on fish and wildlife mitigation measures.

Thank  You  

Question  or  comment?  

Dr.  Xuezhong  Yu  Senior  Hydro-­‐Environmental  Scientist  

Ecofish  Research  Ltd.  xzyu@ecofishresearch.com