CONTENT1. INTRODUCTION TO MARS2. WHY IS MARS MOST DISCOVERED?3. ABOUT ISRO4. ABOUT MANGALYAAN5. MISSION OBJECTIVES6. MISSION COST7. HISTORY8. TEAM9. SPACECRAFT10. PAYLOAD11. ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES12. TELEMENTARY AND COMMAND13. LAUNCH14. PEOPLE PERSPECTIVE

• Mars is the seventh largest planet in our solar system & fourth from Sun.

• Mars is named after the Roman god of war.

• Atmospheric components of Mars are 95% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, 1.6% argon.

• Average Surface Temperature: 530 C

• Mars has 2 natural satellites:-

• Phobos

• Deimos

Why Mars is most discovered?

Natural conditions are similar to Arctic & Antarctic zones of Earth.

Surface conditions are habitable.

Similar geology as compared to Earth.

Availability of Water in the form of Ice & Glaciers.

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan (Sanskrit: मङ्गलयान, "Mars-Craft"), is a Mars orbiter launched into Earth orbit on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is expected to enter orbit around Mars on 24 September 2014.

One of the main objectives of the first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission.

Following are the major objectives of the mission:

A. Technological Objectives:

1. Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.2. Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.3. Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.

B. Scientific Objectives:

1. Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.

MISSION COST

• STUDY COST:- `1.25 BILLION

• TOTAL COST:- `4.54 BILLION

The MOM mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010, after the launch of lunar satellite Chandrayaan-1 in 2008. The government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space Research Organisation completed `1.25 billion (US $21 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to `4.54 billion (US $77 million). The satellite costs `1.53 billion (US$26 million) and the rest of the budget has been attributed to ground stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects.

1. K. Radhakrishan – Chairman, ISRO2. A. S. Kiran Kumar – Director, SAC3. Mylswamy Annadurai – Programme Director, MOM4. B. S. Chandrashekar – Director, ISTRAC5. P. Kunhi Krishnan – Launch Mission Director, PSLV-XL6. V. Kesava Raju – Post-Launch Mission Director, MOM7. S. K. Shiv Kumar – Orbiting payload Director, ISAC8. P. Ekambaram – Operations Director, MOM9. P. Robert – Operations Director, MOM10. Subbiah Arunan – Project Director, MOM11. B. Jayakumar – Launch Vehicle Director, PSLV

1,350 kg (2,980 lb)

Cuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 m (4 feet 11 inches).

Similar to Chandrayaan 1

Electric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m

Liquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for orbit raising and insertion in

Martian orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22 N thrusters for attitude control or orientation.

The antenna array consists of a low-gain antenna, a

medium-gain antenna and a high-gain antenna

LAP Lyman-Alpha Photometer 1.97 kgMSM Methane Sensor For Mars 2.94 kgMENCA Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser 3.56 kgTIS Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer 3.20 kgMCC Mars Colour Camera 1.27 kg

The 15 kg (33 lb) scientific payload consists of five instruments:

First image of the Earth by Mars Color Camera (MCC) of Mars orbiter Spacecraft taken on Nov 19, 2013 at 13:50 hrs. (IST) from 67975 km

altitude with a resolution of 3.53 km.

The Indian Space Research Organisation Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network performed navigation and tracking operations for the launch with ground stations at Sriharikota, Port Blair, Brunei and Biak in Indonesia, and after the spacecraft's apogee became more than 100,000 km, two large 18-metre and 32-metre diameter antennas of the Indian Deep Space Network started to be utilised.

PSLV-C25 carrying the Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft was launched from Sriharikota on 5 November 2013.

PEOPLE PERSPECTIVE+ve

•First Asian and fourth in world to reach the Red Planet i.e. , MARS.•Put INDIA out from space fearing nations.•International standing

-ve

•Unwanted expenditure.•Economy slowdown.•Major problems in country are Poverty, Hunger and Illiteracy.