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brief information about the planet Mars
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MARS(4TH Terrestrial Planet)
Mars
Astronomical Symbol of Mars
Hubble Telescope Picture of Mars This NASA Hubble
Space Telescope view provides the most detailed complete global coverage of the red planet Mars ever seen from Earth.This picture was taken on February 25, 1995, when Mars was at a distance of 65 million miles.
Comparison of Mars and Earth
Distance from Sun
141.6 Million Miles
93 Million Miles
Radius 6378 km 3397 kmDiameter 4222 Miles 7926 Miles
Length of Year 687 Earth Days 365.25 Days
Length of Day 24 hours 37
minutes 23 hours 56
minutes
Gravity 3.72 m/s2 9.8 m/s2
Temperature Average -81
degrees F Average 57 degrees F
Number of Moons 2 1
EARTHMARS
Size comparison of Earth and Mars.
Facts about Mars
•Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.
ELEMENTS
CO2 95%
N 3%
A r 2%
H2O trace – clouds, ice caps
• the second smallest planet in the Solar System
•Named after the Roman god of war- Ares
•often described as the "Red Planet" because the iron oxide
Surface Geology
Soil
hydrology Polar Caps
North polar early summer ice cap
South polarMidsummer ice cap
Volcano
Olympus Mons (Mount Olympus)
Gigantic Canyon
Valles Marineris, or Mariner Valley,
Atmosphere
Atmosphere on Mars
Mars has a rocky, dry terrain with huge volcanoes and deep valleys.
The tenuous atmosphere of Mars, visible on the horizon in this low-orbit photo.
Orbit and rotation
moons
Phobos
About 14 miles in
diameter
Orbit close to the
planet
Named after the
character Phobos
(panic/fear)
Rises in the west, sets
in the east, and rises
again in just 11 hours
DeimosAbout 8 miles in diameter
Named after the character
Deimos (terror/dread)
Rises as expected in the
east but very slowly
30 hour orbit of Deimos,
2.7 days elapse between
its rise and set for an
equatorial observer as it
slowly falls behind the
rotation of Mars
Search for life
Mariner missions In July of 1965, Mariner 4,
transmitted 22 close-up pictures of
Mars. All that was revealed was a
surface containing many craters and
naturally occurring channels but no
evidence of artificial canals or
flowing water.
The First Rover
Mars Pathfinder
Spirit
Opportunity
In March 2005, Spirit
studied rocks in the
“Paso Robles” area that
have a high sulfur
content. Much of the
high sulfur is contained
in a hydrated iron-sulfate
mineral that can only
have formed in the
presence of liquid water.
Spirit
OpportunityOpportunity’s
spectrometer and
microscopic imager
found that rocks near
the lower slopes of
Endurance Crater were
affected by water both
before and after the
crater formed.
Curiosity