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Pre-YMC 観観観観観観 MJO 観観観観観観 観観観観 観観 西 観観観観観観観観観観観観観 観観観観観観観観 観観観観観観観観観観観観 観観 観観 観観観観 観観観観 観観観観観 観観観観観

Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

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Page 1: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

Pre-YMC 観測期間中のMJO 通過時によるスマトラ西岸沖バリアレイヤーの急激な発達

海洋研究開発機構大気海洋相互作用研究分野

茂木 耕作勝俣昌己米山邦夫

安藤健太郎長谷川拓也

Page 2: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

バリアレイヤーの急激な発達バリアレイヤー層厚が

1 日で 5m から 60m まで、

5 日で最大 85m まで、

過去研究例でほぼない度合いの急発達が観測された

Page 3: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過大気擾乱通過

6m/s

35m

3m/s

35m

5m/s

20m

25m

25m

10m

60m

70m

9m/s8m/s

85m

100m

Page 4: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

バリアレイヤーの急激な発達5m/s で東進する MJO の大気強制による鉛直混合

1m/s で東進する海洋ケルビン波の到達による水温躍層沈降

2つの位相が一致したことが原因

Page 5: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

水深

(m)

塩分濃度 psu

水温℃

等密度層深度

等温度層深度

等温層(⊿T=0.2℃)

等密度層(⊿σ[⊿T=0.2℃])

Page 6: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

水深

(m)

塩分濃度 psu

水温℃

等密度層深度

等温度層深度

軽い水

重い水バリアレイヤー : 塩分成層

等温層(⊿T=0.2℃)

等密度層(⊿σ[⊿T=0.2℃])

Page 7: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

水深

(m)

塩分濃度 psu

水温℃

等密度層深度

等温度層深度

等温層(⊿T=0.2℃)

等密度層(⊿σ[⊿T=0.2℃])

Page 8: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

どの状態の海洋表層の上でMJO 通過 ( 大気強制 ) が起こるかによって海洋の応答の仕方は大きく変わる

Page 9: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

Pre-YMC 後半のスマトラ西岸沖でMJO 通過 ( 大気強制 ) がどんな海洋応答を引き起こしたか?

Page 10: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 11: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 12: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

80km80km100km

Page 13: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

80km80km100km

Page 14: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分鉛直傾度の時間変動:バリアレイヤーの発達水平移流 鉛直移流 傾斜

伸縮 鉛直乱流

Page 15: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

「みらい」観測域を「みらい」観測域を MJOMJO が通過が通過

2015/12/13 00ZMR15-04 で観測された MJO

Global-IR

Page 16: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

高い高い SST(30℃)SST(30℃)

2015/12/13 00ZMJO 発生下での SST

NOAA

Page 17: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

低塩域低塩域 (< 33psu)(< 33psu)

2015/12/13 00ZMJO 発生下での表層塩分

ECCO2

Page 18: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

水温 (K: カラー )

MJO

等密度層等密度層

等温層等温層バリアレイヤーバリアレイヤー

水深

(m)

Page 19: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO

水深

(m)

塩分 (psu: カラー )

Page 20: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO

水深

(m)

乱流エネルギー散逸率 (W/kg)

Page 21: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO

水深

(m)

蛍光度 ( 植物プランクトン量 )

Page 22: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

海洋ケルビン波の沈降場の到達

Page 23: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

海洋ケルビン波の沈降場の到達

Page 24: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

低塩分の表層が強風で鉛直混合した結果、水温躍層の塩分成層が顕在化して

厚いバリアレイヤーが出現

海洋ケルビン波による海洋ケルビン波による水温躍層沈降水温躍層沈降 (( 塩分成層伸長塩分成層伸長 ))

MJOMJO によるによる表層低塩分の表層低塩分の

鉛直混合鉛直混合

Page 25: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO ・西風バーストによる表層低塩分の鉛直混合

MJO 通過に伴う急激な構造変化

数週間前の大気強制による50-100m の塩分成層が顕在化して厚いバリアレイヤーが出現

10-30m

30-100m

Page 26: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

バリアレイヤーの急激な発達5m/s で東進する MJO の大気強制による鉛直混合

1m/s で東進する海洋ケルビン波の到達による水温躍層沈降

2つの位相が一致したことが原因

Page 27: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 28: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 29: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO

水深

(m)

水平流速 (cm/s)  風速 (m/s)

Page 30: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 31: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 32: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 33: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 34: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 35: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 36: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 37: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

バリアレイヤー層:塩分成層等温層

(⊿T=0.2℃)等密度層

(⊿σ[⊿T=0.2℃])

Page 38: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 39: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 40: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 41: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 42: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 43: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 44: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 45: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 46: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 47: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 48: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分鉛直傾度の時間変動 Szt

Page 49: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分の時間変動 St→低塩分の鉛直混合 -(w’S’)zz

Page 50: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分鉛直傾度 Sz→塩分成層の伸縮 -wzSz

Page 51: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分鉛直 2 階微分 Szz→鉛直移流 -wSzz

Page 52: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 53: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 54: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 55: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 56: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 57: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 58: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 59: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 60: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

水温 (K: カラー )

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

等密度層等密度層

等温層等温層

バリアレイヤー:塩バリアレイヤー:塩分成層分成層

水深

(m)

Page 61: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

塩分 (psu: カラー )

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

Page 62: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

地表風速 (m/s: 黒実線 )

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

Page 63: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

乱流エネルギー散逸率 ( カラー )

log[ε](W/kg)

MJO 通過

海洋の鉛直混合の強さ

水深

(m)

Page 64: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

等密度層等密度層

等温層等温層

バリアレイヤー:塩バリアレイヤー:塩分成層分成層

密度 (kg/m3: カラー )

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

Page 65: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

低塩分の表層が強風で鉛直混合した結果、水温躍層の塩分成層が顕在化して厚いバリアレイヤーが出現

MJO 通過塩分 (psu)

ケルビン波によるケルビン波による水温躍層・塩分成層の沈降水温躍層・塩分成層の沈降

MJOMJO によるによる表層の鉛直混合表層の鉛直混合

Page 66: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

海洋が降水形成に与える影響MJO の発生・梅雨前線の北進

MJO が海洋表層に与える影響バリアレイヤーの形成過程

観測現場でのリアルタイムのデータ同化システムの構築

実績

5 年計画

10 年展望

Page 67: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

蛍光度 (fls: カラー )

Page 68: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

塩分時間変化 (dpsu/dt: カラー )

Page 69: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

乱流エネルギー変化率 ( カラー )

log[ε](W/kg/day) 鉛直混合の強化・弱化

Page 70: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC

MJO 通過

水深

(m)

乱流エネルギー変化率 ( カラー )

log[ε](W/kg/day) 鉛直混合の強化・弱化

Page 71: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 72: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 73: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 74: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC
Page 75: Moteki blue earth170303 drastic deepening of the barrier layer off the western coast of Sumatra during Pre-YMC