Pascal’s Law

Index• Acknowledgment• Pascal’s Law• Pascal’ Formula• Variation of Pascal’ Law• Using Pascal’s Law• Applications• Hydraulic Lift• Hydraulic Brake• Hydraulic Jack• Hydraulic Pump

AcknowledgementI would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher                   who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic Pascal’s Law, which also helped me in doing a lot of Research and I came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to them.Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

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Pascal’s Law• In the 1600's, the French scientist Blaise Pascal discovered a

fact now known as Pascal's Law. • Pascal's Principle is used to quantitatively relate the pressure

at two points in an incompressible, static fluid. It states that pressure is transmitted, undiminished, in a closed static fluid.

• Through the application of Pascal's Principle, a static liquid can be utilized to generate a large output force using a much smaller input force, yielding important devices such as hydraulic presses.

Pascal’s Laws State that

It states that pressure at any point in a body of fluid is the same in every direction, exerting equal force on equal areas. This works for gases and liquids (both are

fluids).

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Pascal’s Formula• This brings us to a very important formula:

• P = Pressure, F = Force and A = Area This expresses that Pressure is Force per Unit Area.

AFP

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Variations of Pascal’s Law

• Pressure = Force divided by area

• Force = Pressure times area

• Area = Force divided by pressure

AFP

APF

PFA

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F

P A

F =Force

P = Pressure A = Area

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Have you used formulas like Pascal’s Law? Where are they

used?• Generic Inverse Variation

Problem used in Algebra

• Time = Distance / Rate

• Ohm’s Law used in science class with electrical components

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Using Pascal’s Law

Pascal's Law - gives us the mechanics to do a great deal of work with hydraulics. The drawing on the left shows that we can lift a large amount of weight with a small amount of effort. We can lift 100 pounds by applying just 10 pounds of force to the piston measuring 1 square inch

Applications of Pascal's law• Hydraulic lift• Hydraulic Jacks• Hydraulic Brakes• Hydraulic Pumps

Hydraulic lift

• A multiplication of force can be achieved by the application of fluid pressureaccording to Pascal's principle, which for the two pistons implies

• P1 = P2This allows the lifting of a heavy load with a small force, as in an auto hydraulic lift, but of course there can be no multiplication of work, so in an ideal case with no frictional loss:

• Winput = WoutputCalculation

Hydraulic lift calculation

Automobile Hydraulic lift

Hydraulic brakeThe hydraulic brake is an arrangement of braking

mechanism which uses brake fluid, typically containing ethylene glycol, to transfer pressure from the controlling mechanism to the braking mechanism. When brakes are

applied suddenly in a moving vehicle, there is every chance of the vehicle to skid because the wheels are not

retarded uniformly. In order to avoid this danger of skidding when the brakes are applied, the brake

mechanism must be such that each wheel is equally and simultaneously retarded. A hydraulic brake serves this

purpose. It works on the principle of Pascal’s law.

Hydraulic Brake

Hydraulic Jack

Hydraulic PumpHydraulic pumps are used in hydraulic drive systems and

can be hydrostatic or hydrodynamic. A hydraulic pump is a mechanical source of power that converts mechanical power into hydraulic energy (hydrostatic energy i.e. flow, pressure). It generates flow with enough power to overcome pressure induced by the load at the pump outlet. When a hydraulic pump operates, it creates a vacuum at the pump inlet, which forces liquid from the reservoir into the inlet line to the pump and by mechanical action delivers this liquid to the pump outlet and forces it into the hydraulic system.

Hydraulic Pump

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