FROM:B.M.V.KRISHNA REDDY

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The word missile comes from the Latin verb mittere, literally meaning "to send".

Missiles are often used in warfare as a means of delivering destructive force (usually in the form of an explosive warhead) upon a target.

Rockets were invented in medieval China (1044 AD) but its first practical use for serious purpose took place in 1232 AD by the Chinese against the Mongols.

There after Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan.

At the Battle of Seringapatanam in 1792.

HISTORY OF MISSILES

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•Unlike contemporary rockets whose combustion chamber was made of wood (bamboo).• Tipu's rockets (weighing between 2.2 to 5.5 kg) used iron cylinder casings.• The British were greatly impressed by the Mysorean rockets using iron tubes.

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PORTRAIT OF TIPU SULTAN

After regaining independence in 1947, India focused on space technology

Indian rocketry was reborn, thanks to the farsighted technological vision of Prime Minister Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru.

Professor Vikram Sarabhai took the challenge of realizing this dream.

MISSILES IN MODERN INDIA

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Guided missiles are made up of a series of subassemblies. The major sections are carefully joined and connected to each other. They form the complete missile assembly.

The major components of a missile are:

WARHEAD

FUSING

GUIDANCE SYSTEM

PROPULSION SYSTEM

MISSILE COMPONENTS

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WARHEADA warhead is an explosive device used in military conflicts, used to destroy enemy

vehicles or buildings.

Types of warhead ExplosiveChemicalBiologicalNuclear

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FUSINGIt includes those devices and arrangements that cause the missile's payload to function in proper relation to the target.

Methods of fusing

Radio frequency sensing Optical sensingMagnetic sensing

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Missiles may be targeted in a number of ways. The most common method is to use some form of radiation .

There are two types of guidance system.

GUIDANCE SYSTEM

Global Positioning System (GPS)GPS was designed by the US military. GPS transmits 2 signal types: military and a commercial.

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Propulsion is the means of providing power to accelerate the missile body and sustain, if necessary, to reach the required target.

The propulsion of a missile is achieved with the help of a rocket engine. It produces thrust by ejecting very hot gaseous matter, called propellant.

PROPELLANT= FUEL + OXIDIZER , WHICH PRODUCES “THRUST”

The propellant is exhausted through a nozzle at a high speed. This exhaust causes the rocket to move in the opposite direction (Newton's third law).

PROPELLANT

SOLID PROPELLANT

LIQUID PROPELLANT

HYBRID PROPULSION= LIQUID PROPELLANT + SOLID PROPELLANT

TYPES OF MISSILES ON THE BASIS OF MODE OF FIRE

An air-to-air missile (AAM) is a missile fired from an aircraft for the purpose of destroying another aircraft.

F-22A Raptor ,.

Astra missile of Indian army

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An air-to-surface missile (ASM) or air-to-ground missile (AGM or ATGM) is a missile designed to be launched from military aircraft and strike ground targets on land, at sea, or both.

Silkworm , US .

Storm Shadow by France

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An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a missile designed to counter ballistic missiles. T However, the term is used more commonly for systems designed to counter intercontinental

ballistic missiles (ICBM).s

A Standard MissileThree (SM-3)

,U.S. Navy ballisticmissile flight

test.

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the Prithvi Air Defence(PAD)

Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic military purposes.

Standard Missile - 3 (SM-3)

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Anti-ship missiles are guided missiles that are designed for use against ships and large boats.

RGM-84 surface-to-surface Harpoon missile.

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An anti-submarine missile is a standoff weapon including a rocket designed to rapidly deliver an explosive warhead or homing torpedo from the launch platform to the vicinity of a submarine.

Ikara dummy missile onboard HMAS Stuart(DE-48) off the New South Wales coast.

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An anti-tank missile (ATM), anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon, is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily-armored military vehicles.

Nag missile and the Nag missile Carrier Vehicle (NAMICA),Anti-tank Guidedmissile

developedby DRDO.

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A land-attack missile is a naval surface-to-surface missile that is capable of effectively attacking targets ashore, unlike specialized anti-ship missiles, which are optimized for striking other ships.

Cruise missile BrahMos shown onIMDS-2007,

owned By India

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A surface-to-air missile (SAM), or ground-to-air missile (GTAM), is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles.

Two SA-2 Guideline (S-75 Dvina) missiles in the National Museum of MilitaryHistory in Sofia

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A surface-to-surface missile (SSM) or ground-to-ground missile (GGM) is a missile designed to be launched from the ground or the sea and strike targets on land or at sea.

RPG-7 with warheaddetached

BGM-71 TOW , variant M220,

SABER. U.S. Army

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A wire-guided missile is a missile that is guided by signals sent to it via thin wires connected between the missile and its guidance mechanism, which is located somewhere near the launch site.

A Stryker vehicle

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A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a ballistic flight path with the objective of delivering one or more warheads to a predetermined target.

United States Trident II (D-5) missile underwater launch.

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A cruise missile is a guided missile, the major portion of whose

flight path to its target is conducted at approximately constant velocity; that relies on the dynamic reaction of air for lift, and upon propulsion forces to balance drag.

Shaurya missile (left) and Brahmos-II(model) (top) by Government of India.

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