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Donat Agosti Plazi
[email protected] / #smir2015
XXII Simpósio de Mirmecologia, Ilhéus, BA, BrazilOctober 22, 2015
Revolutionizing the Research on Ants through new Methods and Technologies: the last 20 Years
Revolution: the Begin 1996
1996
Compare biodiversity over space, time, collector, habitat
What organism is it?
What do I know about it?
Where does it live?
1995/2000
Revolution: the Begin 1996
Citations:Better than most scientific papers
The origin
Revolution: the begin 1996 and its outcome
The Role of Revolution: Citations of the ALL-Book (Google Scholar)Book 458
Chapter 1: Alonso, L.E., and D. Agosti. Biodiversity Studies, Monitoring, and Ants: An Overview 162Chapter 2: Kaspari, M. A Primer in Ant Ecology (pdf) 85
Chapter 3: Andersen, A.N. A Global Ecology of Rainforest Ants: Functional Groups in Relation to Environmental Stress and Disturbance (pdf) 172
Chapter 4: Schultz, T.R., and T.P. McGlynn. The Interaction of Ants with Other Organisms (pdf) 94Chapter 5: Brown, W.L.Jr. Diversity of Ants (pdf) 220Chapter 6: Alonso, L.E. Ants as Indicators of Diversity (pdf) 164
Chapter 7: Kaspari, M., J.D. Majer. Using Ants to Monitor Environmental Change (pdf) 116
Chapter 8: Ward, P.S. Broad-scale Patterns of Diversity in Leaf litter Ant Communities (pdf) 112
Chapter 9: Bestelmeyer, B.T., D. Agosti, L.E. Alonso, C.R.F. Brandão, W.L. Brown Jr., J.H.C. Delabie, and R. Silvestre. Field Techniques for the Study of Ground-Dwelling Ants: An Overview, Description and Evaluation (pdf) 388Chapter 10: Delabie, J.H.C., B.L. Fisher, J.D. Majer, and I.W. Wright. Sampling Effort and Choise of Methods (pdf) 117
Chapter 11: Lattke, J.E. Specimen Processing: Building and Curating an Ant Collection (pdf) 36
Chapter 12: Brandão, C.R.F. Major Regional and Type Collections of Ants (Formicidae) of the World and Sources for the Identification of Ant Species (pdf) 41Chapter 13: Longino, J.R. What to Do with the Data (pdf) 89
Chapter 14: Agosti, D., and L.E. Alonso. The ALL Protocol: A Standard Protocol for the Collection of Ground-Dwelling Ants (pdf); versión en español (pdf) 179
Chapter 15: Fisher, B.L., A.K.F. Malsch, R. Gadagkar, J.H.C. Delabie, H.L. Vasconcelos, and J.D. Majer. Applying the ALL Protocol: Selected Case Studies (pdf); extended version (pdf) 21Total 2454
A revolution
Open Access to the papers that cite the Antbook: ca 80%
Questions
We don’t know about the usage of the standards protocol
We don’t have a repository of all the samples – though we begun
We don’t cover all the starta
We don’t cover regions outside the tropics
New version of the ALL book?
Revolution: the outcome
Revolution?
Marizete Santos
Revolution: the outcome
The Role of Revolution: The origin
RIO Earth Summit, 1992(Biodiversity Crisis)
The years before the Revolution: make the case for the bodiversity crisis
The Role of Published Biodiversity Literature Environmenta Policy
Published observation records
EU BON Policy Brief
The Role of Revolution: The origin
Science Citation Reproducibility
Global Infrastructure Stable archives Standards
revolution
Revolutions: Satellite Images and geographic data
antnet
Revolutions: Digital Imaging / Specimen digitization
The source
Antbaseantweb
Revolutions: DNA / Genomics
Online catalogue
Revolution: Names: Catalogue of the Ants of the World
Online catalogue2002
Antbase
Maintained since 2002, currently including 13,269 valid extant species, 682 fossil ant species, out of total of 173,257 valid speciesBasis for ITIS, Antweb, ZoobankAll TNUs linked to the pdf pf the cited pageBasis for Plazi treatmentsLinked with Biodiversity Literature Repository (as of Jan. 2016 all publications)
Alternative catalogue:currently 13,165 valid species, 726 fossils, including collaboration with antbase/HOL
Revolution: Names: Catalogue of the Ants of the World
Antbase/HOL Antcat
Coverage Taxonomy Taxonomy, faunistics, morphology etc
Completness Yes YesCombinations Yes ?Community editing Open Open
Linking Taxon Article
Repository BLR Amazon Cloud
Citation DOI n/aSource Zoobank, ITIS, COL n/a
Revolution: Names: Catalogue of the Ants of the World
HOL / antbase: few Statistics
Generic Specific
Average valid lifespan of a synonym 43.4 years 53.2 years
Median valid lifespan of a synonym 45 years 52 years
Number of synonymous taxa 504 4098
Maximum valid lifespan of a synonym 154 years 165 years
Minimum valid lifespan of a synonym 2 years 2 years
1758 1773 1788 1803 1818 1833 1848 1863 1878 1893 1908 1923 1938 1953 1968 1983 1998 20130
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Number of pubs10-yr moving avg
HOL / antbase: few Statistics
1758177317881803181818331848186318781893190819231938195319681983199820130
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Number of annos10-yr moving avg
HOL / antbase: few Statistics
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 34 38 43 48 54 58 65 72 87 95106
119135
180219
386843
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Species per genus
Species per genus
HOL / antbase: few Statistics
Access to Literature
Digital Library: 2004
A Revolution
Before antbase.org, Harvard‘s Museum of Comparative Zoology could claim to be the only location with a complete set of ant systematics publications from 1758 - present.
Through antbase.org‘s digital library, access to this body of literature is worldwide, and it is actively used (>10,000 visits in one month only).
2004
Users of antbase pdfs
Many other research projects
Alternative literature repositories
Revolution: Citations
Create a collection of all the articles citing the all book?Make it accessible for TDM?Create collections around each forthcoming publication
Revolution: Citations
Revolutions: citation
2015
Zookeys doi
DOI
Revolutions: citation and archive
Biodiversity Literature Repository
Large stable archive: CERNArchive part of a larger consortiumProvider of DataCite DOI, a standard for citing literature and dataEstablished copyright policy
http://biolitrepo.org
Revolutions: citation and archive
Biodiversity Literature Repository
Large stable archive: CERNArchive part of a larger consortiumProvider of DataCite DOI, a standard for citing literature and dataEstablished copyright policy
http://biolitrepo.org
January 1, 2016: All ant taxonomy literature will be availableAll ant publications in Zookeys, Journal of Hymenoptera Research and
Biodiversity Data Journal will make use of BLR DOI
You can contribute
Revolutions: citation and archive
You can contribute
Read the upload policy
For batch upload, contact [email protected]
Build your thematic corpus, e.g. ants of the Cerrado; articles citing the ALL book
New interface from January 1, 2016
Revolutions: citation and archive
You can search
http://refindit.org
Treatment: a well defined part of an article that defines the particular usage of a scientific name by an authority at a given time (a page(s) in a publication).
Revolution: Treatment
The special case taxonomic literature: The citated elements are treatments, not articles
(Catapano, 2012)
Revolutions: Treatment
Treatment citation Treatment
From article to treatmentOnline catalogueOpen accessOnline library«Linked data»2004
Revolutions: Treatment
Treatment Graph for the Malagasy Ants Aphaenogaster
Fisher et al., in prep.
Treatment Graph for the Malagasy Ants Aphaenogaster
Original description
Re-description cites
cite
s /sy
nony
mize
s
Re-description
Re-de.Re-description
cites
Revolution: Treatment and TreatmentBank
Revolutions: Treatment
Revolution: Treatment; Text and Datamining
Treatment Graph for the Ant Azteca alfari
https://github.com/plazi/TreatmentOntologies
Pseudomyrmex ants and Vachellia ant-acaciasare a classic example of mutualism in biology.
allenii
melanoceras
ruddiae
chiapensis
collinsii
cookii
cornigera
globulifera
hindsii
janzenii
mayana
sphaerocephala
boopis
flavicornis
hesperius
ita
janzenikuenckeli
mixtecus
nigrocinctus
nigropilosus
opaciceps
particeps
peperi
reconditus
satanicus
simulansspinicola
subtilissimus
veneficus
ferrugineus
gentlei
gracilis
Transbiotic link networkAssociated species linked throughreferences in taxonomic treatments
Acacia-ant species: Pseudomyrmex gracili
Treatment: redescription
Associated ant-acacia: Acacia gentlei
Ants Plants
Photocredits: Alex Wild
Treatment
Treatments linked through citations
Treatments: traits and interactions
Treatment Linking to external Resources
NCBI
Revolutions: Treatment
article
treatment
Countries (Region)Australia (Queensland)
Export species materials citations (DwC)
Treatment Content Visualization
10.3897/BDJ.3.e5063
Revolution: semantically enhanced Publications
Zookeys doi
See e.g. Zookeys, Biodiversity Journal, Journa of Hymenoptera Research, RIO
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iceberg.jpg
The Plazi Vision: The Giant Global Biodiversity Graph
LegalSocialTechnicalOntologiesInfrastructure
500 M pages 5*
What does this mean?
The Linking Open Data cloud diagram
Linked Open Data Cloud
Text
<tax:treatment> <tax:nomenclature> <tax:name> <tax:xid source="HNS" identifier="193329"/> <tax:xmldata> <dc:Genus>Mystrium</dc:Genus> <dc:Species>leonie</dc:Species> </tax:xmldata> Mystrium leonie </tax:name> <tax:status>n. sp.</tax:status> Fig 1 D - F </tax:nomenclature> <tax:div type="description"> <tax:p>HOLOTYPE WORKER: TL 3.95, HL 1.02, HW 0.95, CI 93, SL 1.30, SI 137, PW 0.73, ML 0.38. Mandible outer margin strongly curving to a sharp apical tooth, the apex parallel to the anterior clypeal margin. (Holotype with material in mandibles, so mandibles and anterior clypeus $ described below from paratypes.) Median clypeus....</treatment>
Semantic enchanced Text(TaxonX/Taxpub)
… alternatives: From human to machine readable text
RDF
LODPDF
HNS
HNS
The Scientific Challenge
The Scientific Challenge
article
treatment
CiteshttpURI
cites (DOI)
Scientific name
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1992
Feed Wikipedia with taxonomic data
The Role of Published Biodiversity Literature in EU-BON
Published observation records
EU BON Policy Brief
The Role of Published Biodiversity Literature in EU-BON
Published observation records
EU BON Policy Brief
Plazi SRS GBIF
Land Cover
Pheno logy Moisture
Topography
Morphology
Rainfall
Temperature
Biodiversity SpatialAnalyzer
Decision RuleOpt imizat ion Box
SpeciesDistribution
Map
BiologicalDataset
syntheses
The Role of Published Biodiversity Literature in EU-BON
Plazi SRS
find scan «OCR» markup store +access
CotentMine collaboration to implement Plazi workflow
Collaboration with ContentMine to extract treatments on a daily basis
http://www.slideshare.net/petermurrayrust/?
BioDiv
Thank you!
Donat [email protected]