THEILERIOSIS

By:Dr. Yasmeen AhmedDr. Ajay Srivastava

INDIAN VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

INTRODUCTION

ETIOLOGY CATTLE ,BUFFALO,WATER BUFFALO:• THEILERIA ANNULATA• THEILERIA PARVA• THEILERIA MUTANS• THEILERIA LAWRENCI

SHEEP:• THEILERIA HIRCI • THEILERIA OVIS

CAMEL:• THEILERIA CAMELENSIS

WHITE TAILED DEER:• THEILERIA CERVI

• REINDEER:• THEILERIA TARANDI

EPIDEMIOLOGY

LIFE CYCLE

PATHOGENESIS

SUPERFICIAL LYMPH NODES SWELLING AND EMACIATION

PATHOGENESIS

pathogenesis

NECROTIC AREAS IN BRAIN

MAJOR CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL SIGNS

CLINICAL SIGNS

PUNCHED NECROTIC ULCER IN ABOMASUM

DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSIS

PUNCHED NECROTIC ULCER IN ABOMASUM

BLOOD SMEAR WTH PIROPLASM

EMACIATION AND SWELLED LYMPHNODE

KOCH BLUE BODIES PRESENCE OF IXODID TICK

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT Tetracyclines(@5-10mg/kgB.W.)- used earlier Broad spectrum antibiotics like

oxytetracycline(@10mg/kgB.W.),chlortetracycline (only against schizontal stages)

Buparvaquone(butalex,bupaven,zubion ,50mg/ml)@2.5mg/kgB.W.,im,2times48hrs apart(for both schizontal and piroplasmal stage)

Halofuginone lactate @1.2mg/kg b.w.ORALLY.

Symptomatic treatment includes ANTIPYERETICS -e.g.paracetamol@10mg/kgB.W. and ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS -e.g.meloxicam@0.2-0.3mg/kgB.W, ANTIDIARREOALS-e.g.neblon powder@30-50g ,b.i.d.,centrogyLM@4-6boli/day

Supportive therapy also provided HEMATINICS -e.g.ferritas,bolus@2boli/day &inj@1ml/50kg, imferon@0.5-1g/week

Liver protectants and restoratives may also be given,e.g.liv-52vet@1-2bolus,bid

PREVENTION & CONTROLControl of vector i.e.ticks mainly of Hyalomma

spp. By application of insecticides(like deltamethrin(butox,12.5mg/ml)2-3ml/litre of water,ivermectin(hitek,neomec,1%w/v)@0.2mg/kg,s/c) and rotational grazing(breaks the transmission cycle between cattle &tick).

Exotic & Crossbred cows should be kept in tick free shed.

Recovered Cattle are immune to homologous challenge

Avoid nutritional stress

Chemoprophylaxis-• Chlortetracycline@16mg/kgB.W..orally for8 days,or• Rolitetracycline@4mg/kgB.W.,im,for3days in calves

• Immunoprophylaxis-• “Infection and treatment method”-injection of

cryopreserved susp. Of sporozoits from ground up infected tick

• IVRI,bareilley,have evolved culture attenuated schizontal vaccine

• Rakshavac-T,indian immunologicals,@3ml,s/c,primary vaccination at2months age & revacc. After 3yrs.

REFERENCES• Helminths,Arthropods and Protozoa of

domesticated animals : E.J.L.Soulsby• A textbook of veterinary parasitology :

B.B.Bhatia,K.M.L.Pathak,D.P.Banergee• Veterinary medicine :

O.M.Radostits,D.C.Blood,C.C.Gay

THANK

YOU