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Could social networking online help NEET young people gain
employment?
By John Mowbray
Co authors: Professor Hazel HallProfessor Robert Raeside
Dr Peter Robertson
Twitter: @jmowb_napier
Structure of paper
• What does NEET mean?
• Social networking online: key themes– Social networks and information diffusion– Networking as information seeking behaviour– Social media tools and networking
• Research questions• Methodological approach• Any questions?
What does NEET mean?
• Not in Education, Employment or
Training
• Refers to 16-19 year olds in Scotland
• Left school without a ‘positive’
destination
• Associated with– Social deprivation– Low educational attainment– Weak family/support networks
Help wanted sign © Photo by: Johannsen, A.J. (2011) Web: https://goo.gl/Pb4I7M License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode
Proportion of NEETs
Low (Eilean Siar) Average (Mean) High (Clackmannanshire)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
3.5
7.3
11.8
% of 16-19 year olds not going into education, employment or train-ing in 2013
Scottish constituency
% o
f sc
hool l
eave
rs
Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2014)
Social networks and information
• Network structure and information diffusion– Weak ties– Strong ties
• Social capital is embedded within networks
• Social capital resources include – Informational support– Emotional support– Economic support
Networking as information seeking
Networking is a form of goal-directed behaviour, (…) focused on creating, cultivating, and utilising interpersonal
relationships.
Gibson, Hardy III, & Buckley (2014)
Networking as information seeking (2)
Personality,Self-efficacySelf esteem,
Attitudes,Education,
Gender.
Networking
Antecedents
Social capital
resources
Increased employabilit
y
Behaviour MechanismOutcomes
Social media adoption• 83% of 16-24 year olds visit social networking sites daily
• Increasingly used by businesses for recruitment
• Can facilitate bonding and bridging social capital
• There are a diverse range of social media tools such as:– Networking sites (Facebook, LinkedIn etc.)– Micro-blogs (Twitter)– Discussion forums
Social media adoption (2):Honeycomb framework
Presence
The extent to which users
know if others are available
Conversations
The extent to which users
communicate with each
other
Identity
The extent to which users
reveal themselves
Sharing
The extent to which users exchange,
distribute and receive content
Relationships
The extent to which users
relate to each other
Reputation
The extent to which users
know the social standing of others and
content
Groups
The extent to which users
are ordered or form
communitiesKietzmann, Hermkens, McCarthy & Silvestre (2011)
Research questions
What are the key off-line networking behaviours employed by the Scottish labour force during job search?
Research questions
How do social media tools support the networking behaviours of the Scottish labour force during job search?
Research questions
How can networking supported by social media help to improve individual employability levels of the Scottish Labour force?
Methodology• A survey questionnaire to investigate the extent and nature
of social networking, as supported by social media tools, during job search
• A series of qualitative case studies aimed at providing a deeper insight into the process by which job seekers source information via their interpersonal contacts, and the role of social media tools in this process
References• Bell, D., & Blanchflower, D. G. (2010). Young people and recession: A lost generation?. In Fifty-Second
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