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Awarness for"Ebola" Virus which is active in India too.
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UMESH SINGH TOMAR
VEDANT P. MAKWANASARANSH VIJAY
Virus Classification
Group: Group V (-)ssRNA. Order:Mononegavirales
Family:Filoviridae Genus:Ebolavirus
• Ebola’s natural reservoir is unknown.• Non human primates have been the source of
human infections but are not thought to be the reservoirs.
• August 26, 1976 in Yambuku, a town in the north of Zaïre. A 44-year-old school teacher returned from a small hike. His went to the doctor and because of his high fever they gave him a quinine shot which is good against malaria.
• A week later, he had uncontrolled vomiting, bloody diarrhea, trouble breathing and then bleeding from his nose, mouth, and anus.
• He died ~14 days after the onset of symptoms.
• He started an epidemic that killed 280 of the 313 infected persons (88%).
History
• Named after the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of
the Congo (formerly Zaire), near the first epidemics. • Two species were identified in 1976:
– Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) and
– Sudan ebolavirus (SEBOV)
• Case fatality rates of 83% and 54% respectively.• A third species, Reston ebolavirus (REBOV), was
discovered in November 1989 in a group of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) imported from the Philippines.
• Ivory Coast ebolavirus – Only one case. Unlucky scientist.
Most Recent
• April 25 – June 16 2005 total of 12 cases including 9 deaths were reported in Etoumbi and Mbomo in the Cuvette Quest Region.
Modes of Transmission
There are 3 modes of infection:
1. Unsterilized needles2. Suboptimal Hospital
conditions3. Personal contact
http://www.ecplanet.com/pic/2003/12/1071257871/ebola.jpg
Symptoms
• Onset of fever.
• Intense weakness.
• Muscle Pain.
• Headache.
• Soar Throat.
• Vommitting, Diarrhoea.
• Impaired Kidnay and liver function.
Is There a Cure?
• There are no known curative medications for Ebola.
• However, there have been very recent developments in preventative medications.
Vaccines
• In June, Jones and his colleagues, Dr. Heinz Feldmann of Winnipeg and Dr. Thomas Geisbert at Fort Detrick, Maryland announced that they had successfully vaccinated monkeys against the deadly Ebola virus
• The Ebola vaccine is based on the 1976 strain of the Zaire species and protects from the 1995, but not the other 2 species that affect humans.
Bioterrorism
• Airborne transmission of Ebola Zaire has been demonstrated in monkeys in a controlled laboratory experiment
• Plum Island…?
INDIA’S SCENARIO: • Alip Das, a 26-year-old man who returned from
Liberia, is suspected to have contracted the deadly disease. He has been admitted to the Raiganj District Hospital in West Bengal for testing.
Conclusion
• Even though scientists have recently made breakthroughs there is still need for extensive research to find vaccines and cures for this deadly virus.
• We have to protect our self from this deadly disease by doing some healthy activities.