Sherlock Holmes Ton Tp Sir Arthur ConanDoyle

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Mc LcPhn A: Tiu thuytA Study in Scarlet 1887 (Chic nhn tnh c)The Sign of the Four 1890 (Du b t)The Hound of the Baskervilles 1902 (Con ch dng h

Baskervilles)The Valley of Fear 1904 (Thung lng khng khip )Phn B: The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes 1892

(Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes )A Scandal in Bohemia 1891 (V tai ting x Bohemia)The Red Headed League 1891 (Hi tc hung )A Case of Identity 1891 (V mt tch k l)The Boscombe Valley Mystery 1891 (B mt ti thung lng

Boscombe)The Five Orange Pips 1891 (Nm ht cam)The Man with the Twisted Lip 1891 (Ngi n ng mi

tr)The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle 1892 ( vin ngc

bch mu xanh da tri)The Adventure of the Speckled Band 1892 (Di bng lm

m)The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb 1892 (Ngn tay

ci ca vin K s )The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor 1892 (Chng qu tc

c thn)The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet 1892 (Chic vng

min gn ngc Berin)The Adventure of the Copper Beeches 1892 (Vng t

nhng dy d )Phn C: Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes 1894 (Hi c v

Sherlock Holmes )

Silver Blaze 1892 (Ngn la bc )The Yellow Face 1893 (Gng mt vng vt)The Stock Broker's Clerk 1893 (Ngi lm thu cho nh

mi gii chng khan)The Gloria Scott 1893 (Con tu "Gloria Scott")The Musgrave Ritual 1893 (Tc l nh Musgrave)The Reigate Puzzle 1893(V n Reigate)The Crooked Man 1893 (K d dng)The Resident Patient 1893 (Bnh nhn thng tr)The Greek Interpreter 1893 (Ngi thng ngn Hylp)The Naval Treaty 1893 (Bn hip c hi qun)The Final Problem 1893 (Cng vic cui cng ca Sherlock

Holmes)Phn D: The Return of Sherlock Holmes 1904

(Sherlock Holmes tr v )The Adventure of the Empty House 1903 (Ngi nh trng

khng)The Adventure of the Norwood Builder 1903 (Nh thu

khong Norwood)The Adventure of the Dancing Men 1903 ( Nhng hnh

nhn nhy ma )The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist 1903 (C gi i xe

p)The Adventure of the Priory School 1904 (Cu chuyn ti

K tc x )The Adventure of Black Peter 1904 (Peter Hc m )The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton 1904 (Tn

Tng tin ngoi hng )The Adventure of the Six Napoleons 1904 (Su bc tng

Napoleon)The Adventure of the Three Students 1904 (Ba sinh vin)The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez 1904 ( Ci knh

kp mi bng vng)The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter 1904 (Mt

trung v b mt tch )The Adventure of the Abbey Grange 1904 (V n ti Abbey

Grange)The Adventure of the Second Stain 1904 (Vt mu th hai )Phn E: His Last Bow 1917 (Cung n sau cui )The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge 1908 (m kinh hong

in trang Wisteria)The Adventure of the Red Circle 1911 (Vng trn )The Adventure of the Cardboard Box 1893 (Hai l tai trong

hp cactong )The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans 1908 (Cc

bn v tu ngm Bruce Partington)The Adventure of the Dying Detective 1913 (Sherlock

Holmes hp hi )The Disappearance of Lady Frances Carfax 1911 (Qu b

mt tch )The Adventure of the Devil's Foot 1910 (Bn chn ca qy

)His Last Bow 1917 (Cung n sau cui )Phn F: The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes 1927

(Tng th sherlock Holmes)The Adventure of the Illustrious Client 1924 (Ngi khch

hng ni ting)The Adventure of the Blanched Soldier 1926 (Ngi lnh b

vy nn )The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone 1921 (Vin ca

Mazarin)The Adventure of the Three Gables 1926 (Ba u hi )The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire 1924 (Ma c rng

vng Sussex )

The Adventure of the Three Garridebs 1924 (Ba ngui hGarridebs)

The Problem of Thor Bridge 1922 (Bi ton cu Thor)The Adventure of the Creeping Man 1923 (Ngi i 4 chn

)The Adventure of the Lions Mane 1926 (Ci bm s t )The Adventure of the Veiled Lodger 1927 (B thu nh

mang mng che )The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place 1927 (B n lu i

Shoscombe )The Adventure of the Retired Colourman 1926 (Ngi bnsn v hu )

i iu V Sherlock Holmes

Sherlock Holmes (Sidney Paget, 1904)Xut hin ln u 1887

Sng to bi Ngi Arthur Conan DoyleTng s : Bn tiu thuyt , Nm mi su truyn ngn

Sherlock Holmes l mt nhn vt thm t h cu vo cui thk 19 v u th k 20, xut hin ln u trong tc phm ca nhvn Arthur Conan Doyle xut bn nm 1887. ng l mt thm tt Lun n ni ting nh tr thng minh, kh nng suy din logicv quan st tinh tng trong khi ph nhng v n m cnh st phib tay. Nhiu ngi cho rng Sherlock Holmes l nhn vt thm th cu ni ting nht trong lch s vn hc v l mt trong nhngnhn vt vn hc c bit n nhiu nht trn ton th gii.

Sherlock Holmes xut hin trong 4 tiu thuyt v 56 truynngn ca nh vn Conan Doyle. Hu nh tt c cc tc phm uc vit di dng ghi chp ca bc s John H. Watson, ngibn thn thit v ngi ghi chp tiu s ca Holmes, ch c 2 tcphm c vit di dng ghi chp ca chnh Holmes v 2 tcphm khc di dng ghi chp ca ngi th ba. Hai tc phmu tin trong s ny, 2 tiu thuyt ngn, xut hin ln u tin trn

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t Beeton's Christmas Annual nm 1887 v t Lippincott'sMonthly Magazine nm 1890. Thm t Holmes tr nn cc k niting khi lot truyn ngn ca Doyle c xut bn trn tp chThe Strand Magazine nm 1891. Cc tc phm c vit xoayquanh thi gian t nm 1878 n nm 1903 vi v n cui cngvo nm 1914.

Nhn vt Sherlock Holmes cn c xut hin trong lot tcphm trinh thm v Arsne Lupin ca Maurice Leblanc

Tiu s

Theo nh cc tc phm ca Conan Doyle, Holmes sinh nm1854. ng bt u sng 221B ph Baker, Lun n cng bc sWatson, bn thn v ngi vit tiu s cho Holmes.

Holmes c mt ngi anh trai, Mycroft Holmes, mt vin chcchnh ph tng xut hin trong ba truyn The Adventure of theGreek Interpreter (Ngi thng ngn Hy Lp), The Adventure ofthe Final Problem (V n cui cng) v The Adventure of theBruce-Partington Plans (K hoch ca Bruce-Partington). Trongtp Ngi thng ngn Hy Lp, Sherlock Holmes cng tit l chobc s Watson bit b ni ca Holmes l em gi ca ha s ngiPhp ni ting Claude Joseph Vernet.

Ph gip Holmes iu tra, ngoi bc s Watson, cn c m trcon ph Baker. Nhng nhn vin cnh st thng lm vic viHolmes trong cc v n l thanh tra Lestrade, thanh tra Gregson,thanh tra Stanley Hopkins v thanh tra Jones thuc Scotland Yard.Ngoi ra cn c thanh tra Francois Le Villard ca cnh st Php.

K th khng i tri chung ca Sherlock Holmes l gio sJames Moriarty (ngi c mnh danh "Napolon ca ti c"),hai ngi ng v cng ri xung thc nc Reichenbach.Conan Doyle d nh dng ci kt ny cho tp ip v cuicng kt thc chui tc phm v Sherlock Holmes ca ng,

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nhng c gi gi v s th ti Doyle buc ng phi tr lisng tc tip tiu thuyt The Hound of the Baskervilles (Con chsn ca dng h Baskervilles), tuy nhin v n trong tc phm nyxy ra trc khi Holmes gp Moriarty. Holmes thc s tr li trongtruyn The Adventure of the Empty House (B mt ngi nh trng),trong Conan Doyle gii thch rng ch c Moriarty ri khi vch cn Holmes th ch gi cht tip tc iu tra v t chc caMoriarty. Nhn vt Moriarty c cho l ly t hnh nh ca tn tiphm ngi M gc c Adam Worth.

Tnh cch v thi quen

Sherlock Holmes (phi, cm tu thuc) v bc s Watson, tranhca Sidney Paget

L mt thm t c phng php iu tra rt khoa hc nhngtrong cuc sng ring Holmes li rt ba bn, theo nh ghi chpca bc s Watson, Holmes vt ba bi mi th ra phng t ghichp v n n sn phm ca nhng phn ng ha hc m ng thc hin. Holmes cng c mt thi quen xu l s dngcocaine v morphine. Ngoi ra ng cng l ngi nghin thuc lnng v ni ting vi hnh nh va suy lun v v n va ngm tuthuc.

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Trong cc tc phm, Holmes lun t ra l mt ngi lnh lngv th vi mi th khng lin quan n v n. Trong khi iu tra,ng lun gi chui suy lun ca mnh m ch ni ra nhng kt lunhoc nhng nhn xt kh hiu, ch sau khi v n c phHolmes mi tit l tt c nhng lp lun dn ti vic ph n.Holmes cng l ngi rt can m, ng lun bnh thn xem xt hintrng cc v n tn bo v kinh khng, ng khng cho phpnhng iu m tn d oan (nh trong tiu thuyt Con ch sn cadng h Baskervilles) hay nhng tnh hung k d lm mnh khips.

Tuy c v l ngi c c, lnh lng v v cm, Holmes thcra li rt gii trong vic nhn xt v cm xc ca ngi i din,ng c th xoa du v lm an lng nhng khch hng ang gpkhng hong v tm l. Holmes cng chi rt thn vi bc sWatson v c l cng tng c tnh cm vi mt ngi ph n, l b Irene Adler trong truyn ngn A Scandal in Bohemia (V taiting x Bohemia).

Hiu bit v k nng

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Knh lp, tu thuc v chic m ca Holmes Bo tngSherlock Holmes, Lun n

Ngay trong tc phm u tin, A Study in Scarlet (Chic nhntnh c), bc s Watson lit k theo suy on ca ng nhnghiu bit v k nng m Holmes c:

Hiu bit v vn hc: Khng.Hiu bit v thin vn: Khng.Hiu bit v chnh tr: Yu.Hiu bit v thc vt: Ln xn. Am hiu thuc phin v cc loicht c ni chung. Hon ton khng bit g v ngh lmvn.Hiu bit v a cht: C nhng hiu bit thc t, nhng hnch. Thot nhn c th phn bit c ngay cc loi t khcnhau.Hiu bit v ha hc: Su sc.Hiu bit v gii phu: Chnh xc nhng khng c h thng.Hiu bit v cc tin tc git gn: Rt tt. ng t ra bit michi tit ca mi s kin khng khip tng xy ra trong vngmt th k.Chi violin hay.Chuyn gia u kim, quyn Anh v nh gy.Vn dng thnh tho lut php Anh.

Trong cc tc phm tip theo, c th thy danh sch trn lkhng chnh xc, v d bc s Watson cho rng Holmes t hiu bitv chnh tr ng thi, nhng trong truyn ngn V tai ting xBohemia thm t ngay lp tc nhn ra a v tht ca ngi gilm Cng tc von Kramm.

Ngoi ra Holmes nghin cu rt su nhng mn cn thit chovic ph n. ng rt gii trong vic gii cc loi mt m. ng cngl bc thy v ci trang, Holmes c th bin thnh mt thy th

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nh trong The Sign of Four (Du hiu b t), ngi nghin thucphin trong The Man with the Twisted Lip (Ngi n ng mi tr),hay mt linh mc gi trong V n cui cng. Vi mt chic knhlp, Holmes c th suy on nhn dng ca th phm t nhngdu vt li nh vt chn, vt giy dp, vt bnh xe v tn thuc(Holmes c th phn bit hu ht cc loi thuc c ht ch ttn thuc li).

Hn na, c gi cn c bit, Sherlock Holmes l ngi gand, v c bit l rt mnh khe. ng lun dm i mt vi nhnghim nguy, t mnh khm ph cc b n cht ngi m khng mymay nao nng. Trong mt tp "Di bng lm m", SherlockHolmes t ra khng e d g trc mt g con n da ntv b cong thanh ci than vn rt cng trong vn phng caHolmes. Nhng ng vn ti ci, v sau khi v khch i khi, ngd dng "vut" thng li thanh ci than.

Suy lun kiu Holmes

Trong tp Chic nhn tnh c, Holmes c vit mt tiu luntheo "T mt git nc, mt ngi suy lun logic c th nuc kh nng l mt git nc i Ty Dng hay mt gitnc t thc Niagara". Nhng v n do Holmes iu tra thngbt u vi vic ng th hin kh nng suy lun tuyt vi ca mnhnh on ra thn th v ngh nghip ca khch hng m khngcn hi thng tin t h.

Phng php suy lun ca Holmes thng l i t nhngchng c quan st c n ngha ca nhng chng c , tcl "Nu c A th c B". V d trong truyn ngn V tai ting xBohemia, sau khi nhn thy Watson, Holmes suy lun c rngng ny mi b t sng v c mt c hu gi vng v v bt cnnht trn i, ng gii thch cho lp lun ca mnh nh sau:

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Pha bn trong lp da chic giy bn tri ca bc s Watsonc su vt xc gn nh song song. R rng l nhng vtxc gy ra do mt ngi bt cn khi ch xt xung quanhmp gt giy lau bn.Ngi lau giy cho bc s ch c th l ngi hu gi ca ng.Ngi lau bn m li nhng vt xc nh vy hn phi lngi bt cn v vng v.i giy c nhiu bn n mc phi lau nh vy ch c th lngi mang n va phi i trong thi tit gi lnh v m t.

y "A" l nhng vt xc nhn thy trn i giy ca bc sWatson, cn "B" l vic ng ny b t v ngi hu gi bt cn.

S thnh cng trong suy lun ca Holmes cng cn do ng cphng php nghin cu hin trng v n rt khoa hc v cnthn, v do ng rt am hiu nhng lnh vc lin quan nh php yhay cht c. Theo Holmes, nhng kt lun logic ca ng thc ral "n gin" v "hin nhin". iu quan trng trong nhng suy lunca Holmes l phi trit tiu c cng nhiu kh nng xy ra cngtt. Bc s Watson i khi cng th p dng phng php nynhng ng thng sai trong hu ht cc trng hp.

when you have eliminated the impossible whatever remains,however improbable, must be the truth (Sau khi gt b ra ngoitt c nhng trng hp khng th no xy ra c, th gi thitcn li, du l bp bnh, thiu c s n u chng na, cngphi l s tht).

Cho n nm 2007, cc t chc an ninh MI5 v tnh bo MI6ca Anh vn dy phng php suy lun ny cho nhn vin ca h

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Tc phm

Tc phm ca Conan Doyle

Chic nhn tnh c, n bn 1887Tiu thuyt

Chic nhn tnh c (A Study in Scarlet, 1887)Du hiu b t (The Sign of the Four, 1890) (bn dch khc:Du b t)Con ch sn ca dng h Baskervilles (The Hound of theBaskervilles, 1901)Thung lng khng khip (The Valley of Fear, 1915)

Truyn ngnCc truyn ngn xut hin thng k trn cc bo v tp ch,

sau c tng hp trong 5 tp truyn ngn:

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Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cctruyn xut bn nm 18911892 trn t The StrandNhng hi c v Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cc truyn xutbn nm 18921893 trn t The StrandSherlock Holmes tr li, bao gm cc truyn xut bn nm19031904 trn t The StrandCung n sau cui (His Last Bow), bao gm cc truyn xutbn nm 19081913 v 1917H s ca Sherlock Holmes, bao gm cc truyn xut bnnm 19211927

Tc phm khc

Do Sherlock Holmes tr nn rt ni ting vi c gi thgii, c rt nhiu v kch v b phim c sng tc da trnnhng tc phm ca Conan Doyle v Holmes, v mt ny c thso snh Holmes vi nhng nhn vt h cu ni ting khc nhHamlet hay Dracula.

Sch K lc Guinness thng k Holmes l nhn vt in nhxut hin nhiu nht, vi s din xut ca 70 nam din vin khcnhau trong trn 200 b phim.

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nh hng

Sherlock Holmes c c gi hm m ti mc c rt nhiuhi nhng ngi hm m ng c thnh lp, hi u tin cthnh lp nm 1934 M, sau l Anh v an Mch. Nm1990 ngi ta m Bo tng Sherlock Holmes ph Baker, yl bo tng cho mt nhn vt h cu u tin c m trn thgii.

S ni ting ca Sherlock Holmes lm nhiu ngi lmtng rng nhng tc phm ca Conan Doyle l m u cho dngvn hc trinh thm. Thc ra th tnh cch ca Holmes v phngphp iu tra ca ng c Doyle ly cm hng t hai nhn vtthm t C. Auguste Dupin v Monsieur Lecoq trong cc tc phmca Edgar Allan Poe v mile Gaboriau. Sau Holmes, rt nhiunhn vt thm t trong vn hc cng c phng php nghin cutng t ng hoc l trch dn nhng cu ni ca Holmes trongqu trnh iu tra ca mnh. Nhn vt truyn tranh Shinichi Kudotrong b truyn Thm t lng danh Conan thng xuyn trch dnnhng cu ni ca Holmes v thm ch cn ly tn gi theo tn caConan Doyle (Edogawa Conan).

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Bc s Watson

Bin s nh 211b

Mycroft Holmes

Thanh tra Lestrade

Thanh tra Stanley Hopkins (ngi cm cha kha) vi Holmesv Watson

James Moriarty

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Holmes v Moriarty ri xung thc Reichenbach

Adam Worth-Napoleon ca ti c

Thc Reichenbach

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i iu V Ngi Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan DoyleCng vic Nh vn vit tiu thuyt, truyn ngn, nh th

Th loi Truyn trinh thm, tiu thuyt lch s, chuyn tht

Chu nh hng tEdgar Allan Poe

nh hng tiAgatha Christie v cc tc gi truyn trinh thm khc

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (22 thng 5 nm 1859 7 thng 7nm 1930) l mt nh vn ngi Scotland ni ting vi tiu thuyttrinh thm Sherlock Holmes, tc phm c cho l mt sng kinln trong lnh vc tiu thuyt trinh thm. Cc tc phm ca ngbao gm nhiu truyn khoa hc gi tng, tiu thuyt lch s, kchlch s, tiu thuyt, th v bt k.

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Conan xut pht l tn m nhng ng s dng nh mt phnca h trong cc nm sau ny ca mnh.

Cuc i

Arthur Conan Doyle sinh ngy 22 thng 5 nm 1859 tiEdinburgh, trong mt gia nh Ireland, b l Charles AltamontDoyle v m l Mary Doyle. ng c gi ti trng d bDng Tn C c gio St Marys Hall, Stonyhurst khi ln chn. Sau ng vo Trng Stonyhurst, nhng khi ng ri trng nm1875, ng chi b Thin cha gio tr thnh mt ngi theothuyt bt kh tri.

T 1876 ti 1881 ng hc ngnh y ti i hc Edinburgh, gmc mt giai on lm vic ti th trn Aston (nay l mt qun caBirmingham). Sau khi hc ti trng, ng tr thnh bc s trn mtcon tu ti b bin Ty Phi, v sau vo nm 1882 ng lp mtphng khm ti Plymouth. ng hon thnh lun n tin s v TabesDorsalis nm 1885[1].

Phng khm ca ng khng thnh cng lm: trong khi ch bnhnhn, ng bt u vit truyn. Tiu thuyt u tin ca ng cng trn t Chambers's Edinburgh Journal khi ng cha ti 20tui.

Ch sau khi di phng khm v Portsmouth Doyle mi bt utheo ui vn hc mt cch ng ngha hn. Tc phm ng ch u tin ca ng l A Study in Scarlet (Mt cuc nghin cu vMu hay "Chic nhn tnh c"), xut hin trong cun Beeton'sChristmas Annual nm 1887 v l ln xut hin u tin ca nhnvt Sherlock Holmes, ngi c ly hnh mu mt phn theo cugio s i hc ca Conan Doyle l Joseph Bell. Ngc nhin,Rudyard Kipling chc mng thnh cng ca Conan Doyle, v hi"ng c th tr thnh bn ti khng, Bc s Joe?". Tuy nhin,Sherlock Holmes c phng theo nhn vt C. Auguste Dupin caEdgar Allan Poe nhiu hn. Khi sng ti Southsea ng gipthnh lp Portsmouth AFC, cu lc b bng u tin ca thnhph. Mt chuyn hoang ng thng thy cho rng Conan Doyle

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chi ti Portsmouth F.C. vi t cch th mn s 1; tuy nhin,Conan Doyle chi cho mt cu lc b nghip d gii tn nm1894 v khng c lin h vi Portsmouth F.C. ngy nay vn chc thnh lp vo nm 1898 (th mn u tin ca i bngchuyn nghip l Matt Reilly).

Nm 1885 ng ci Louisa (hay Louise) Hawkins, c gi l"Touie", ngi b bnh lao v cui cng mt nm 1906[2]. ng ciJean Leckie nm 1907, ngi ng gp ln u v yu trong cngnm 1897 nhng vn duy tr quan h thun khit vi b v chungthu vi ngi v u tin. Conan Doyle c nm con, hai ngi viv u (Mary v Kingsley), v ba ngi vi v sau (Jean, Denis vAdrian).

Tng Arthur Conan Doyle CrowboroughNm 1890 Conan Doyle hc v mt ti Wien; ng ti London

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nm 1891 lp mt phng khm nhn khoa. ng vit trongtiu s ca mnh rng khng mt bnh nhn no ti phng khmca ng. iu ny gip ng c nhiu thi gian hn trong vit lchv vo thng 11 nm 1891 ng vit cho m: "Con ngh ti vicgit Holmes... v gii quyt hn ta vnh vin. Hn khin u c conkhng th suy ngh c." M ng tr li "Con c th lm iucon cho l ng, nhng c gi s khng d dng ng u."Thng 12 nm 1893, ng lm vic c th dnh nhiu thigian cho nhng cng vic "quan trng" hn (tc l nhng tiuthuyt lch s).

Holmes v Moriarty dng nh cng nhau ri xung mtthc nc v cht trong chuyn "Vn Cui cng" (The FinalProblem). Nhng li ku gi ca cng chng khin ng phi anhn vt tr li; Conan Doyle quay li vi chuyn The Adventure ofthe Empty House (Cuc Phiu lu ca Cn nh Hoang), vi li giithch rng ch Moriarty ri xung thc, nhng, bi v Holmes cnc nhiu k th nguy him khc, anh ta phi thu xp mt ci "cht"gi. Holmes cui cng xut hin trong tng cng 56 truyn ngn vbn tiu thuyt ca Conan Doyle (t anh ta cng xut hin trongnhiu tiu thuyt v truyn ngn ca cc tc gi khc).

Sau Chin tranh Boer ti Nam Phi u th k 20 v s ln nca th gii vi cch hnh x ca Vng quc Anh, Conan Doyle vit mt cun sch mng vi ta Cuc chin ti Nam Phi:Nguyn nhn v Din bin bo cha cho vai tr ca Anh Quctrong chin tranh Boer, v c dch ra nhiu th ting.

Conan Doyle tin rng chnh cun sch ny gip ng cphong tc hip s v c ch nh lm Thiu u Surrey nm1902. ng cng vit mt cun sch di hn The Great Boer War(Cuc chin tranh Boer v i) nm 1900. Trong nhng nm uth k 20 Sir Arthur hai ln ra tranh c ngh vin vi t cchthnh vin ng Cng on T do, mt ln ti Edinburgh v mtln ti Hawick Burghs, nhng d nhn c s phiu bu kh ln

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ng vn khng trng c.

Ba cun Th gii mt, n bn u tin 1912Conan Doyle tham gia vo hai chin dch ku gi ci cch

Bang T do Congo, do nh bo E. D. Morel v nh ngoi giaoRoger Casement lnh o. ng vit The Crime of the Congo (Tic ca Congo) nm 1909, mt cun sch kh di trong ng tco nhng s khng khip ti Congo. ng tr nn thn thucvi Morel v Casement, ly cm hng t h to ra hai nhn vtchnh cho tiu thuyt The Lost World (Th gii mt, 1912).

ng ct t quan h vi c hai ngi khi Morel (ngi thin t)tr thnh mt trong nhng lnh o ca phong tro ho bnh trongTh chin th nht, v khi Casement tha nhn phn quc chngnc Anh trong cuc Ni dy Phc sinh. Conan Doyle th sc,khng thnh cng cu Casement khi ti t hnh, cho rng ngta tr nn in v khng th chu trch nhim v hnh vi camnh.

Conan Doyle cng l ngi nhit tnh ng h cng l, v chthn iu tra hai v vic c phn quyt, dn ti vic phng

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thch hai ngi b b t. V u tin, nm 1906, lin quan timt lut s nht nht lai Anh-n tn l George Edalji, ngi ccho l vit nhng bc th e da v xo cc b phn ng vt.Cnh st tin chc vo ti li ca Edalji, thm ch khi nhiu v ctxo khc vn tip tc xy ra khi ngi b tnh nghi ngi khm.

Mt phn nh kt qu v ny m Ta phc thm Hnh s cthnh lp nm 1907, v th Conan Doyle khng ch gip GeorgeEdalji, cng vic ca ng gip thnh lp mt cch thc sacha nhng sai lm khc ca cng l. Cu chuyn ca ConanDoyle v Edalji c k li di hnh thc vn hc trong tiuthuyt ca Arthur & George nm 2005.

V th hai, lin quan ti Oscar Slater, mt ngi c gc DoThi v l ngi iu hnh sng bc b cho l dng di cui nhmt ph n 82 tui ti Glasgow nm 1908, v ny li cun st m ca Conan Doyle v nhng mu thun trong qu trnh khi tv cm gic chung ca mi ngi cho rng Slater b ci by.

Sau ci cht ca v l Louisa nm 1906, v ci cht ca contrai Kingsley, anh/em trai, hai ngi anh/em h, v hai ngi chugi trong Th chin th nht, Conan Doyle ri vo tnh trng suynhc. ng tm s an i trong thuyt duy linh v ci gi l bngchng khoa hc v s tn ti ca th gii bn kia.

Conan Doyle tr nn quan tm ti Thuyt duy linh ti mc ng vit mt tiu thuyt vi nhn vt Gio s Challenger v ch ny, tiu thuyt Vng t b n. Mt trong nhng iu k quc giai on ny trong cuc i ng l cun sch The Coming of theFairies (1921). R rng ng hon ton tin vo s c tht canhng bc nh tin Cottingley, v ng in li chng trong cunsch ca mnh, cng vi cc gi thuyt v t nhin v s tn tica nhng nng tin cng nh nhng linh hn. Trong cun schLch s Thuyt duy linh (1926) Conan Doyle cao nhng hintng tm linh v s hin thc ha linh hn do Eusapia Palladinov Mina "Margery" Crandon to ra, da trn nhng cuc nghin

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cu cc nh khoa hc la bp v nhng thy ph thy mong mungp nhng hin tng tm linh v t chi lng nghe nhng nhkhoa hc v thy ph thy c quan im thn trng hn.[3]

S ch tm ca ng trn ch ny l mt trong nhng nguynnhn khin mt truyn ngn trong tp truyn, Nhng cuc phiulu ca Sherlock Holmes ca ng b cm ti Lin bang X vitnm 1929 v b cho rng tuyn truyn thuyt thn b. Lnh cm nysau c d b. Din vin Nga Vasily Livanov sau ny nhn c mt ngh t ch Anh ng vai SherlockHolmes.

Conan Doyle tng l bn trong mt thi gian vi o thut giaM Harry Houdini, mt gng mt quan trng ca phong tro duylinh. D Houdini nhn mnh rng nhng ngi theo thuyt duy linhs dng tr bp (v lin tc tm cch lt mt h), Conan Doyle trnn tin tng rng chnh Houdini s hu nhng nng lc siunhin, mt quan im c th hin trong cun The Edge of theUnknown ca ng. Houdini r rng khng th thuyt phc ConanDoyle rng nhng tr biu din ca ng ch n gin l nhng mumo o thut, dn thi mt s hiu lm cay ng gia hai ngi.Doyle hon ton chong vng khi Houdini li ngn ci ca mnh rav thay th n[3].

Richard Milner, mt nh lch s khoa hc M, trnh by mttrng hp m Conan Doyle c th l th phm gy ra tr bpPiltdown man nm 1912, to ra ha thch ngi gi mo khin giikhoa hc th gii si sc trong hn 40 nm. Milner ni rng ConanDoyle c ng c hnh ng, c cho l tr th vic nhngnh khoa hc vch trn nhng iu tm linh m ng tin tng, vrng cun Th gii mt cha nhiu bng chng kiu mt m vs lin quan ca ng ti tr bp .[4].

Cun sch Naked is the Best Disguise nm 1974 ca SamuelRosenberg c mc ch gii thch ti sao, xuyn sut cc tc phmca mnh, Conan Doyle li cc du vt m lin quan ti nhng

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kha cnh n giu v b km nn ca tnh trng tinh thn ca ng.

Cht

Conan Doyle c tm thy ang m cht ngc trong vn nhngy 7 thng 7 nm 1930. ng mt mt thi gian ngn sau vnhi mu c tim tui 71, v c chn trong Vn Nh th tiMinstead New Forest, Hampshire, Anh. Nhng li cui cng ngdnh cho v: "Em tht tuyt vi."

Undershaw, ngi nh Conan Doyle xy gn Hindhead, phaty London, v sng ti t nht mt thp k tr thnh mtkhch sn v nh hng t nm 1924 ti tn nm 2004. Sau nc mt nh nhip nh mua li, v trng t bi nhngngi hm m Conan Doyle mun bo tn n.[2]

Mt bc tng c dng ln vinh danh Sir ArthurConan Doyle ti Crowborough Cross Crowborough, EastSussex, Anh, ni Sir Arthur sng 23 nm. Cng c mt bctng Sherlock Holmes ti Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland-gnngi nh ni Conan Doyle ra i.

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Cc tc phm chn lc

Cc truyn v Sherlock Holmes

Chic nhn tnh c (1887)Du b t (1890)Nhng cuc phiu lu ca Sherlock Holmes (1892)Nhng hi c v Sherlock Holmes (1894)Con ch sn ca dng h Baskervilles (1902)Sherlock Holmes tr v (1904)Thung lng khng khip (1914)Cung n sau cui (1917)Tng th ca Sherlock Holmes (1927)

Cc truyn v Gio s Challenger

The Lost World (1912)The Poison Belt (1913)The Land of Mists (1926)The Disintegration Machine (1927)When the World Screamed (1928)

Cc tiu thuyt lch s

The White Company (1891)Micah Clarke (1888)The Great Shadow (1892)The Refugees (publ. 1893, written 1892)Rodney Stone (1896)Uncle Bernac (1897)

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Sir Nigel (1906)

Cc tc phm khc

"J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement" (1883), mt cu chuyn vs phn con tu Mary CelesteMystery of Cloomber (1889)The Captain of the Polestar, and other tales (1890)The Doings Of Raffles Haw (1891)Beyond the City (1892)Round The Red Lamp (1894)The Parasite (1894)The Stark Munro Letters (1895)Songs of Action (1898)The Tragedy of The Korosko (1898)A Duet (1899)The Great Boer War (1900)The Exploits of Brigadier Gerard (1903)Through the Magic Door (1907)The Crime of the Congo (1909)The New Revelation (1918)The Vital Message (1919)Tales of Terror & Mystery (1923)The History of Spiritualism (1926)The Maracot Deep (1929)

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A - Tiu ThuytA.1 : A Study in Scarlet 1887 (Chic nhn tnh

c)Chng 1: Lm quen vi Sherlock Holmes

Nm 1878, ti tt nghip ti trng i hc Y London, sau n Netley d kha tu nghip dnh cho cc bc s qun y. Hcxong, ti c b nhim v trung on b binh Northumberland s5, khi y ang ng ti n . Ti cha kp ti n v ca mnh thcuc chin tranh Afghanistan ln th hai bng n. t chn lnBombay, ti c bit n v v ti c Kandahar an ton. Tiy, ti gp trung on ca mnh.

Ti b chuyn sang trung on Berkshires v tham d trn nhMaiwand. Trong trn ny, ti b thng vai, nu khng c ngilnh hu xc ti ln nga v a v pha sau chin tuyn, th ti ri vo tay qun ch ri. Kit sc, ti c a v bnh vin huphng Peshawar. Ti y, ti bnh phc dn, v lc c th rasi nng ngoi hin, th li b thng hn. Trong hng thng tri,ngi ta ra sc cu sng ti; n ngy khi bnh, ti gy yu nni Cc qun y phi a ti v Anh lp tc. Mt thng sau, ti tchn ln bn cng Portsmouth, chnh ph cho ti ngh chn thng ly li sc.

V khng c b con Anh nn ti c t do nh gi tri, vi11 shillings 6 pence mi ngy. Trong tnh cnh , ti b thu ht vLondon vi mt sc mnh khng cng li ni. y, ti sng tlu ti mt khch sn, nhng chng bao lu ti thy mnh nn itm mt nh tr xuynh xong v tn km hn.

ng vo hm ti i n quyt nh ny, khi ang mt qunru th bng c ngi v vai ti. Ngonh li, ti nhn ra Stamford,mt thanh nin trc y lm y t di quyn ti. Trc y, ticha bao gi tht thn vi Stamford nhng by gi ti v vpcho n anh ta v gp ti, Stamford xem chng cng hoan h lm,

ti mi anh ta i n tra ti khch sn. Chng ti gi xe nga, vtrong lc chic xe chy, Stamford hi ti:

- Do ny ra sao? Trng anh gy qu.Ti phc qua vi nt v nhng bc thng trm ca mnh.

Chuyn va xong th xe cng ti qun n.- Khn kh! Th anh tnh sao by gi?- Ti nh tm mt ni tin nghi vi mt ci gi phi chng.- L tht! Anh l ngi th hai trong ngy hm nay ng vi ti

ci y.- Ai l ngi th nht?- Mt anh chng lm vic ti phng th nghim ha hc bnh

vin. Sng nay, anh ta phn nn l khng tm c ai chunghu gim c mt na tin thu nh.

- Ti cng vy. Ti ngh chung hay hn mt mnh.Stamford cm ly ru, nhn ti vi mt v kh hiu:- Anh cha bit Sherlock Holmes. C th anh s khng thch

anh ta.- Anh ta c g ng ch trch?- ! Anh ta c nhng kin hi k quc. Anh ta nghin cu say

m cung nhit mt vi ngnh khoa hc. Cn ngoi ra, anh ta lmt ngi lch s, ng mc.

- Sinh vin Y khoa?- Khng, ti khng hiu anh ta nh hc ci g; rt gii v gii

phu, v ha hc, nhng cha h theo hc mt lp hc chnh quyno. Anh ta hc theo li cc nhy, song trong nhiu lnh vc, anh ta thu nhp c mt s vn hiu bit rng ln n ni cc gios phi kinh ngc.

- Anh khng hi anh ta nh theo ngnh ngh no sao?- l mt con ngi khng d khi chuyn, tuy rng nhng

khi cao hng, anh ta cng thch chuyn tr.- Nu phi chung vi ai, ti mun l mt ngi ham hc v

yn tnh. Hin nay ti cha khe nn rt s ting n. Ti gp bn

anh bng cch no?- Anh ta hin ang phng th nghim. n xong, chng ta s i

n y.Trn ng i, Stamford cho ti bit thm mt vi chi tit na

v Sherlock Holmes.- V Holmes, ti khng bit g hn ngoi nhng iu ti hiu

qua cc bui gp g ti phng th nghim. Chnh anh xut kin chung, may nh ri chu y nh!

- Nu khng hp, chng ti s chia tay nhau. Nhng, hnh nhc mt l do no khin anh mun phi tay khi vic ny. Tnhtnh ngi y kh chu n vy ?

- Khng d din t c ci khng th din t ni. SherlockHolmes c tnh tnh gn nh lnh lng, st . Anh ta rt c thcho mt ngi bn ung th mt nhm alkaloide thc vt loi minht, khng phi v c c m ch v mun bit hiu lc ca chtc y nh th no. Cng bng m ni, ti tin rng bn thn anh tacng c th s dng th mt th mt cch st sng khng km.

- Th th rt tt ch sao?- ng, nhng vic ly gy nh vo xc cht, th phi ni l

qui g.- Anh ta nh xc cht?- Phi, xem ngi ta c th gy ra nhng thng tch nh

th no trn c th mt ngi cht. Chnh mt ti nhn thyanh ta lm nh th.

- Vy m hi ny anh ni Holmes khng hc ngnh Y?- Khng m! M thi, ta n ni ri, anh t nh gi nhn vt

y.Chng ti i theo mt li hp, qua chic ca ph nh, bc vo

m nh ca khu bnh vin ln. Gn cui hnh lang c mt li rnh, dn n phng th nghim ha hc. y l mt gian phngcao, cc gi trn tng y chai l. y c my ci bnrng v thp, mt bn b bn nhng bnh c cong, ng nghim,

n hi vi ngn la xanh l. Trong phng ch c mi mt ngiang chi mi xung mt chic bn. Nghe ting chn chng ti, anhta o mt nhn quanh ri reo ln mt ting v vi v ng ln.

- Ti tm ra ri! Ti tm ra ri! - Anh ta reo ln vi Stamford vhp tp i v pha chng ti, tay cm mt ng nghim - Ti tmra mt thuc th c c tnh lm kt ta huyt cu t m khnglm kt ta bt k cht no khc.

Gi nh anh ta c thy mt m vng th s vui mng cng chn th l cng. Stamford gii thiu:

- y l bc s Watson, y l ng Sherlock Holmes.Holmes thn mt bt tay ti vi mt sc mnh m ti khng

ngh c th c anh ta.- Cho ng, ng Afghanistan v, phi khng?- Lm sao ng bit? - Ti kinh ngc hi li.- C g u. Ci iu quan trng by gi l huyt cu t. Chc

ng hiu c pht minh ca ti c tm quan trng nh th noch?

- Mt pht minh l th v mt ha hc, nhng v mt thc t...- ng ni l! y l pht minh c gi tr thc tin nht t bao

nhiu nm nay trong ngnh php y. ng khng thy l n gip taxc nh mt cch khng th nhm ln nhng vt mu ? Mi ngli gn y! - Trong lc ho hng, anh ta nm ly tay o ti, ko lichic bn anh ta ang lm vic. - Ta ly mt t mu ti nh. -Va ni anh ta va ly kim m vo u ngn tay, nn ra mt gitmu v ly ng ht ht - By gi, ti ha cht xu mu ny vo mtlt nc. ng thy hn hp y trng y nh nc, t l ca mutrong khng th qu mt phn triu. Du vy, ti hon ton tinchc ta s c c phn ng c trng.

Ni xong, Holmes th vo trong bnh mt vi tinh th trng rirt thm vi git cht lng trong sut. Mt pht sau, hn hp trongbnh chuyn thnh mu g v mt th bi mu nu nht kt tadi y bnh.

- Ha! Ha! ng ni sao? - Holmes v tay reo ln.- Theo ti, y l mt cch th rt tinh t.- Tuyt vi! Cch th c vi cht guaiacone va th kch va

khng chc. Cch tm cc tiu th mu trn knh hin vi cng vy,vi li ch cn vt mu lu mt vi gi l phng thc khngp dng c. Cn phng php ny, th lc no cng hiunghim, d vi mu c hay mu ti.

- Qu vy!- Ti lm bm.- Nhng v n hnh s nhiu khi ch cn mc khu ny m

thi. Mt k b nghi nhng tay vo mt v n mng xy ra trc c khi hng thng. Xem xt qun o hn, ngi ta pht hin ranhng vt mu nu nh nh. y c phi l nhng vt mu khng,hay l vt bn, vt g st, vt nha tri cy. Cn by gi cphn ng ha hc ny, vic xc nh kia khng cn kh khn gna.

i mt Holmes ngi ln trong khi ni, v tay phi t ln ngctri, anh ta ci gp ngi nh cho p li nhng ngingng m tng tng ca mnh.

- ng tht ng c biu dng. - Ti ph ha.- Ti c th k vi ng n hai chc v n qua m phn ng

ca ti c th ng vai tr quyt nh.- ng khc no mt quyn nin gim hnh s sng. ng c th

ra mt t bo c y, ly tn l Nhng v n hnh s trong qukh. - Stamford ci ni.

- V s l mt t bo rt b ch. - Holmes tip li trong khidn mt ming bng dnh ln vt kim chm va ri u ngn tay.Anh ta quay sang ti gii thch - Phi cn thn nh vy v ti thaotc kh nhiu loi cht c.

Stamford ngi xung mt chic gh u ba chn, y mt chickhc v pha ti, bn vo vic:

- ng bn ti y ang tm ch . Thy ng phn nn l khngkim c ai chung nn ti thy khng c g tt hn l hai

ngi tip xc vi nhau.Holmes c v bng lng ni:- Ti tm c my cn phng ph Baker, rt thch hp cho

chng ta. Ti mong rng ng khng s mi thuc l nng.- Ti cng ht mt th thuc rt nng.- Th th c ri. Ti quan tm nhiu n ha hc v i khi

phi lm nhng th nghim ti nh. iu c phin ng khng?- Hon ton khng.- Xem no! Ti cn tt xu no na khng? i khi ti lm l,

my ngy lin khng h rng ni mt li no. Nhng khi nh vy,c mc ti, chng bao lu ti s li vui v. Cn ng, ng c iug cn ni khng?

- Ti cng c mt vi c tt nh. Ti khng thch n o. Ti dyvo nhng gi rt khc thng, ngoi ra ti rt li nhc. Khi khemnh, ti li c mt lot nhng tnh xu nho nh khc. Hin thi, l nhng nt chnh.

- Trong ch n o c gp c ting n v cm khng?- Ting n ca ngi chi gii ch lm cho ngi nghe khoan

khoi, chi ti th...- , th th c ri! - Holmes ci vui v - Nh vy l n

tha, ngha l nu nh ng ng ch .- Khi no th ta i xem?- Mi hai gi tra mai, mi ng n y, chng ta cng i

xem.- Xin ng hn, mi hai gi tra mai. - Ti ni v bt tay anh.Chng ti anh lm vic tip v tr v khch sn. Ti bng

dng li, quay sang hi Stamford:- Ny, lm th no m anh ta bit l ti Afghanistan v nh?- Anh ta khc ngi l ch .Ti xoa hai tay vo nhau:- , mt iu b mt ? Th v tht! Ti rt cm n anh cho ti

c dp tip xc vi anh ta. Nh anh bit y, i tng trong cng

cuc nghin cu ca loi ngi chnh l con ngi.- Th th anh phi nghin cu anh ta i thi. Thi xin tm bit

nh.- Xin tm bit.

Chng 2: Suy on , mt mn khoa hcNh hn, ngy hm sau chng ti cng n thm cn h s

nh 221B ph Baker. Cn h gm hai phng ng tin nghi v mtphng lm vic rng ln, thong mt, c by bin vui mt, nhsng bn ngoi ri vo qua hai khung ca s ln. Cn h va chng ti lm v gi c cng va ti tin. Chng ti nhn ngay. Tihm y, ti mang c n v sng hm sau, Holmes cngchuyn n vi nhiu hm xing v va-li. Sau hai ngy u bn spxp ni n chn cho thun tin, chng ti nhanh chng quen dnvi ch mi.

Holmes sng yn tnh vi nhng np sinh hot u n. Khngmy khi anh cn thc sau mi gi ti v sng no khi ti dy, anhcng n sng v i u ri. i khi anh l c ngy trong phngth nghim, khi khc th trong cc phng phu tch, v thnhthong c nhng ngy anh n nhng khu ph nhp nha nhttrong thnh ph. Nhng thnh thong anh nm di trn chic i-vng trong phng lm vic my ngy lin, sut t sng n tikhng h rng ni mt li no v hu nh khng c mt c ngno. S quan tm v t m ban u ca ti mun bit mc chcc cng vic ca anh mi ngy mi thi thc ti hn.

Vc ngi anh nhnh hn mt mt tm mi nhng mnh khnhcho nn trng c v cao hn th nhiu. i mt sc so lamh li,cng vi sng mi thanh mnh, hi khom khin cho nt mt mangmt v nhanh nhn v quyt on. Ci cm vung cha ra phatrc t ra y l mt con ngi kin quyt. Anh khng theo hcmt lp no kh d em li cho anh mt bng cp trong bt k mtlnh vc khoa hc no . Tuy vy, s say m nghin cu ca anhtrong mt s lnh vc tht l c bit; n ni nhng kin ca anh

lm ti rt i kinh ngc. Nhng ngi t hc theo li cc nhykhng my khi c nhng tri thc c bit chnh xc.

Mt dt nt ca anh cng c sc khng km g mt thng thica anh. V nn vn ha ng thi, trit hc v chnh tr, xemchng Sherlock Holmes bit rt t. S kinh ngc ca ti ln n ttnh khi ti pht hin ra Holmes khng bit nhiu v hc thuytCopernic v cu to ca h Mt tri.

- Anh ngc nhin ? Khi bit l thuyt y ri, ti s ra scqun n i.

- Qun n i?- B c con ngi ban u nh mt gian phng trng rng, ta

s phi xp vo y nhng c ta thch. K ngu ngc chngcht vo trong mi th linh tinh n ni cc tri thc c thgip ch cho hn b bp di mt ng tri thc khc, n ni khicn, hn kh m li ra s dng c. Tri li, ngi th lnh nghchn lc ht sc cn thn nhng th xp vo trong gian bung y.Anh ta ch mun cha trong nhng dng c c ch cho mnhtrong cng vic; ci no ci ny sp t mt cch tht ngn np.Tht l sai lm nu cho rng ci gian bung nh b y c nhngbc tng co gin v n c th phnh ra v cng tn. Anh hy tinrng ri s n lc m mi khi ta thu nhn c mt hiu bit mita s qun mt ci kin thc g c trong c. V vy, ch cthu np nhng khi nim v ch. Chng ta s y i mt nhngiu c ch.

- Th nhng H Mt tri? - Ti phn i.- N can g n ti? - Holmes cao ging - Nu chng ta xoay

quanh mt trng th cng vic ca ti c g khc u?Ti toan hi anh cng vic l ci g vy, nhng dng iu

anh bo cho ti bit cu hi y khng c tip nhn. Tuy vy, tisuy ngh v bui ni chuyn ngn ngi ny v c rt ra my iusuy on. Holmes ni vi ti rng anh khng mun thu thp nhnghiu bit khng lin quan g n cng vic ca mnh. Vy th, tt c

nhng tri thc m anh c u c th gip ch cho anh. Ti thm litk nhng lnh vc m anh l cho thy anh thnh tho. Thmch, ti ly bt ch ghi li nhng iu ra giy. Lit k xong, tikhng khi mm ci. Bn nhn xt nh sau:

Sherlock Holmes; nng lc:Hiu bit v vn hc: s khngHiu bit v trit hc: s khngHiu bit v thin vn hc: s khngHiu bit v chnh tr: yu.Hiu bit v thc vt: Ti. Am hiu cht thuc phin v cc loi

cht c ni chung. Hon ton khng bit g v ngh lm vn.Hiu bit v a cht: C nhng hiu bit thc t, nhng hn

ch. Thot nhn ni c ngay cc loi t khc nhaHiu bit v ha hc: Rt su sc.Hiu bit v gii phu: Chnh xc nhng khng c h thng.Hiu bit v sch bo hnh s: Ht sc rng ln.Chi n v cm: Tt.Bc thy v ti ngh nh gy, quyn Anh, v u kim.Vn dng thnh tho lut php nc Anh.Ghi n y, thy ri nh t v, ti qung mnh giy vo la,

ngh bng: Chng hiu con ngi ny nhm vo mc ch g m rasc pht trin mt s nng lc trn. Mnh cng khng sao tm thymt ngh no i hi tt c nhng nng lc y. Thi th nh bcuc ngay thi, cho khi mt ngi.

Trong tun u, ti tng Holmes khng c my bn b.Nhng chng bao lu, ti nhn ra anh quen bit rt rng. u tin,mt anh chng ngi nh b, da ti, mt chot, mt en, n babn ln lin trong mt tun. Mt hm, c c gi n mc theo thitrang n vo bui sng v chi chng mt gi. Ngay chiu hm c thm ng khch qun o xunh xong, tc hoa rm, dngdp nh mt ngi bn hng rong. V tip theo l mt ph nacao tui, xng o rt cu th. Mt dp khc c mt ng chng

chc, tc bc trng ht c. Ri mt ngi phu khun vc nh gatrong b ng phc bn vi nhung. Mi khi c khch n, Holmesyu cu ti cho anh c s dng phng khch. Ln no anhcng khng qun xin li ti.

- Ti phi dng gian phng ny lm vic. H l khch hngca ti.

l mt c hi hi thng xem cng vic ca anh ta l g,nhng tnh ti vn d dt, nn li thi.

Hm y, ti dy sm hn thng l v nhn thy anh cha nxong ba sng. Ngi phc v quen vi thi dy mun ca tinn b t cha chun b cho ti. Ti rung chung vi mt thi nng ny v bo b ta vi ging kh cc cn. Sau , ti cm lymt t bo git thi gi. Trn t bo c mt bi c nhdu bng bt ch. Di dng tt kh hunh hoang Cun sch cuci, tc gi bi bo khoe l c th i su vo nhng ngh thmkn nht ca con ngi, cn c vo mt v mt thong qua, mtc ng ca c bp, mt nh mt vng trm.

Bi bo vit:Ch t mt git nc, ngi gii suy lut c th suy ra kh

nng ca mt i dng hoc mt thc nc, tuy cha bao gitn mt nhn thy chng. Nh vy, ton b cuc sng l mt chuimt xch rng ln m ta c th bit bn cht ca n, nu ta bitc mt mt xch. Nh tt c mi khoa hc khc, suy on vphn tch l mt khoa hc m ta ch c th lm ch sau mt quntrnh nghin cu lu di, bn b. Ngi mi i vo lnh vc ny nnbt u bng nhng vn s ng: gp bt k ai, ch bng vos quan st, ta hy c tm hiu tiu s, ngh nghip ca ngi y.Tuy c v u tr, nhng thc ra s tp luyn ny rn gia cc khnng quan st ca ta v n dy cho ta bit ta cn phi nhn vou v phi tm kim ci g. Mng tay, nhng vt chai ngn trv ngn ci, ng tay o, u gi qun, dng i, cch ng u lnhng th ni ln ngh nghip ca mt con ngi.

Ti qung t bo xung bn, tht ln:- Nhm nh! Ti cha thy ai vit nhng nht n vy.- Anh ni v ci g th? Holmes hi ti.- , bi bo m anh nh du bn cnh. Ti khng ph nhn

l bi bo c mt li vit kh, nhng n lm ti kh chu. R rngy l mt l thuyt do mt k v cng ri ngh nn ra. Mong saogp hn trn mt toa xe in ngm hng hai bt hn ni ra nghnghip ca tt c cc hnh khch trn xe. Ti dm nh cuc vihn mt nghn n mt.

- Anh s thua thi. Bi v ti l tc gi bi bo .- Anh?- ng, ti. Quan st v suy on l hai th m ti vn ham

thch. Nhng l thuyt ti nu ln trong bi bo l ht sc thc t,thc t n ni ti ly n lm k sinh nhai.

- l ngh g? Ti but ming hi- Ti k anh nghe nh. Ti c mt ngh ring m c l trn th

gii c mi mnh ti lm. Ngh ca ti l thm t c vn. Londonny c v s thm t cng, thm t t. Khi gp phi iu g b, hn gp ti v ti tm cch gi cho h i ng hng. Cc vphm php thng c nhiu nt ging nhau, nu ta thuc lng ccchi tit ca mt s v th rt d ln ra u mi ca v th mtnghn l mt. Lestrade l mt thm t kh. Mi y ng ta i nhmhng trong vic khm ph mt v lm bc gi, v vy ng ta phin y.

- Cn nhng ngi khch khc th sao?- H hu ht l ngi ca cc hng trinh thm t. H mc m

im ny hoc im khc. Ti nghe h k v cng vic ca h, cnh th nghe cc li khuyn bo ca ti v tr tin cng cho ti.

- Phi chng anh ngi yn trong phng m vn c th gii quytc nhng mc mu m ngi khc khng ti no gii quyt ni.

- ng th. Ti c rt nhiu kin thc c bit p dng volnh vc ny: nhng quy tc suy on trnh by trong bi bo m

anh khinh thng, i vi ti li c mt gi tr khng sao lnght trong thc hnh. Ngay ln u gp anh, ti bit l anh va Afghanistan v.

- Chc c ai bo anh.- Khng u. Lc y c mt lot nhng suy ngh, xt on

lt nhanh qua c ti khin ti i thng n kt lun y. Tuy vy,c tn ti nhng chng ng. Cch lp lun phi hp ca ti nhsau: v ny thuc gii bc s, nhng li c dng dp mt qunnhn, vy th chc chn l mt bc s qun y. Anh ta va mi vng nhit i v v nc da rt sm nhng khng phi l da tnhin bi da hai c tay rt trng. Anh ta phi tri qua nhiungy kham kh, au m, iu c th tht r trn nt mt. Anhta b thng cnh tay v cnh tay ny c ng hi gnggo. Mt bc s qun y ngi Anh, sng vng nhit i no mli b thng cch tay v phi sng kham kh thiu thn? Ttnhin l Afghanistan. Tt c chui suy ngh ny din ra trongkhng y mt giy ng h.

Ti mm ci:- Gii thch ra th thy rt n gin. Anh lm ti nh n nhn

vt Dupin ca Edgar Allan Poe. Ti tng loi ngi ch tn titrong cc tiu thuyt ch lm g c ngoi cuc i.

Holmes ng dy, chm tu thuc.- C l anh tng so snh ti vi Dupin l khen ti chng? Theo

ti, Dupin l mt k rt tm thng. ng ta khoe l c th d ondc ngh ca bn b sau mt khc ng h im lng, ni nhth, l khoa trng li l km ci. ng ta c l c i cht nngkhiu phn tch. Th thi!

- Anh c sch ca Gaboriau cha? Lecoq c phi l thmt khng?

Holmes c mt c ch ma mai v mt ging bc bi:- Lecoq ? ng ta gii v tay chn hn u c. ng ta ch c

mi mt iu ng khen l ngh lc. Cun sch y thc s lm ti

pht ngn. Vn t ra cho ng ta l xc nh th phm trongmt m t nhn. Vic y, ti s gii quyt trong hai mi bn gi,cn ng ta phi mt mt thng.

Ti hi kh chu khi thy hai nhn vt m ti khm phc b coithng. Ti li bn ca s nhn xung ng ph nhn nhp bndi, ngh bng: ng bn nay c th rt gii, nhng ng thicng rt t mn. Holmes ni tip vi ging luyn tic:

- u ca ti by gi cn bit dng lm g na! Cha bao gic mt v n no d di ti khm ph c! Cng lm l vi ba vgian ln vng v vi nhng ng c l liu n ni ngay mt nhnvin s cnh st cng nhn ra ngay.

S hunh hoang ca Holmes tip tc lm ti kh chu, ti thytt hn ht l thay i cu chuyn. Trn h ng bn kia c mtg cao ln, n mt xuynh xong, tay cm mt phong b ln angchm ch xem s nh cn tm. Ti ch tay v pha ngi y, lnting hi:

- Khng bit ngi kia tm nh no?- Anh mun ni vin i lnh thy nh b kia phi khng?

Holmes hi ti.Li hunh hoang khoc lc ri! Ti ngh bng. ngh y va

mi lt qua c ti th nhn vt nhn ra s nh chng ti,ro bc qua ng. Chng ti nghe ting g ca m m, riting bc chn nng n ln thang gc. Ngi y bc vo phngchng ti, a phong b cho anh:

- C th cho ng Sherlock Holmes.y l mt dp h bt thi hm hnh ca Holmes. Lc va

ri, khi a ra nhng li phng on liu kia, chc anh ta khngngh l ti s c c hi gip mt ngi ny. Ti hi, ging nhnhng:

- Ny anh, anh c th cho bit anh lm ngh g khng?- Tha phi, tha ng. - Anh ta tr li cc cn - B ng

phc ca ti ang c a i sa.

- Trc y anh lm ngh g? Ti a mt nhn sang Holmesvi v ch giu.

- Ti binh chng lnh thy nh b, ng lon i. ng c iug cn hi na khng, tha ng? Xin cho.

Anh ta dp hai gt giy vo vi nhau, gi tay cho chng ti rii.

Chng 3. B n Lauriston Garden.Th tht ti ht sc kinh ngc trc bng chng v gi tr thc

hnh ca nhng l thuyt m Holmes nu. S knh n ca tii vi ti phn tch ca anh tng vt ln. Tuy vy, trong c ti vncn vng vn mt cht hoi nghi l tt c cu chuyn ny c xp t t trc le ti. Nhng le lm g? Quay linhn Holmes, ti thy anh c xong th. Nt mt m chiu vi mt xa vng.

- Lm th qui no m anh on c?- on ci g? Holmes hi git ging.- on l mt vin i lnh thy nh b.- Xin li anh v nhng li cu knh . Ha ra, anh vn khng

thy ngi a th vn l mt vin lnh thy nh b?- Qu l khng.- Ngay bn ny ng, ti nhn thy mt hnh m neo to

xm trn mu bn tay ngi y v b ru theo ng quy nh calnh thy nh b. Anh chng c v t tin v thm ch c dng iuch huy? Mt anh chng nghim ngh, o mo, hi ng tui,nhng chi tit khin ti tin rng anh ng n lon i.

- Tht l tuyt diu! Ti reo ln.- C g u. - Tuy ni vy, song c theo v mt anh, ti tin rng

ni kinh ngc v s khm phc ca ti r rng lm anh vui thch -Va ny, ti c ni l thi nay khng cn nhng trng n, nhngc l ti lm. Anh hy xem y.

Holmes a cho ti bc th va mi nhn.

- G th ny? Tht khng khip! - Ti tht ln.- Ti thy v ny hi khc thng y. Anh vui lng c to ln,

chng ta cng nghe no.ng Sherlock Holmes thn mn!m qua c mt v n gh gm ti nh s 3 khu Lauriston

Garden on st gn ng Briston. Mt nhn vin cnh st thyc nh n ngi nh vo khong hai gi sng. y l mt nginh b hoang nn anh ta on l c chuyn g khng bnh thng.Anh ta thy ca ra vo ng. gian phng trng ra mt ng,anh ta thy xc mt ngi n ng n mc lch s, trong ti c xpdanh thip tn Enoch J. Drebber, Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A..

Khng c cch no xc nh r nguyn nhn ca ci cht. Tronggian phng c nhiu vt mu, nhng trn thi th th khng c mtthng tch no. Chng ti khng bit ngi ny vo ngi nhy bng cch no v ni chung ton b v n hy cn l mt iub n. Nu ng c th n c hin trng trc mi hai gitra, ng s gp ti . Ton b hin trng s c gi ynguyn cho n khi ng n. S rt hn hnh cho ti nu c bit kin ca ng. Xin gi ng li cho thn thit.

Tobias Gregson- Gregson l tay sng s nht Scotland Yard. - Holmes nhn

xt - Hn v Lestrade c coi l nhng phn t u t ca mtm khng ra g. C hai u nng n, hng hi, nhng rt khunso. V ghen t nhau nh mt cp gi lu xanh.

Ti ngc nhin thy Holmes gi v bnh thn, li c v gn nhgiu ct. Ti hi h:

- Ta khng c l pht no, phi khng anh? Ti i gi xenh.

- Cha chc ti i.- Nhng y chnh l c hi m anh mong mi t lu c

m?- Gi th ti g c v ny, th bao nhiu cng lao u vo

tay Gregson, Lestrade ht c. Khng phi l ngi ca nh ncl phi chu thit thi nh vy y.

- Nhng Gregson yu cu anh gip c m.- Phi, hn bit ti gii hn hn v tha nhn iu vi ti.

Nhng trc mt ngi th ba, hn th ct li i cn hn phicng nhn mnh l thua km. Du vy, chng ta cng nn n xem sao. No, ta i i!

Holmes x tay vo chic o khoc ngoi, nhanh nhn chun b.- Anh cm ly mi i.- Anh mun ti cng i ?- Phi.Mt lc sau hai chng ti ngi trong mt chic xe nga chy

nc i v pha ng Briston. Bui sng hm y tri y myv sng m dy c. Mt tm mn ti sm bao ph ln cc minh v ng nh phn chiu cc dy ph xm xt mt mu bn.Holmes rt vui v, chuyn tr lun ming v nhng chic n vcm. Cn ti c nn thinh v thi tit m m v v s vic bi thmva xy ra. Sau cng ti phi ct ngang bi thuyt trnh v mnhc ca anh:

- Xem chng anh khng tm lm n cuc iu tra sp ti.- c d kin g u. Mt sai lm c bn l c t trc cc

gi thit trong khi cha c trong tay cc s vic thc t. Lm nhvy khin cho nhn nh ca ta d b chch lm.

- Anh s c ngay cc d kin, v ng Brixton y ri v nginh kia ka!

- ng ri! Dng li, bc x ch.Cn mt trm mt na mi n hin trng nhng Holmes c

i xung xe i b. Ngi nh s 3 khu Lauriston Garden c mtv su thm gh rn. l ngi nh th ba trong mt dy bn nhnm tht vo trong mt t. Hai ngi nh c ngi , hai ngi kia bhoang. Hai nh b hoang ny by ra hay du ca s bun b vtrn tri, ch tr thnh thong y c hai ch Cho thu chy

vi vt sn trn cc ca knh lem luc. T h ng vo nnh phi qua mt mnh vn nh mc la tha nhng cy conkhng khiu, m yu. Ct ngang mnh vn l mt li i hp, ri si trn ln t st mu vng ch. Tt c khu vc ny u sngnc v tri ma sut m. Bao quanh mnh vn l bc tnggch cao khong mt mt, bn trn li c hng ro g. ng talng vo ba tng ny l mt vin cnh st cao ln, xung quanhc m ngi rnh vic ang c nghn mt vo trong nh.

Ti tng Holmes s xng thng vo nh v lao ngay vo vic.Nhng khng! Vi mt v u oi gi to, anh i di li li trn hng, l ng nhn t, nhn tri, nhn cc ngi nh bn kiang v hng rao g. Xem xt xong, anh bc trn lp c mcven li i, lun lun dn mt xung t. Hai ln anh dng li v cmt ln ti thy anh thong n mt n ci v kh reo ln mtting vui mng. C nhiu vt chn trn nn t st t, nhng vcnh st dm nt li i ny ri, ti khng hiu bn ti c th hyvng rt ra y c iu g.

ca nh, chng ti c mt g cao ln n tip. Mt timt, tc ri b, tay cm mt quyn s, anh ta vi v tin v phachng ti, nng nhit sit cht tay Holmes:

- ng n, tht tt qu. Ti cha ng chm n g ht.- Tr ch ny. - Holmes p, tay ch li i - Mt n b gi xo

qua y cng khng th ph hoi nhiu hn. Nhng c l ng rt ra xong nhng kt lun ca mnh ri mi cho php xy ra tnhtrng ny, c phi khng, ng Gregson?

Nh thm t ni lng:- Ti qu bn bn trong. ng Lestrade cng c mt ti y.

Ti tng ng ta phi mt n chuyn ny.Holmes nhn ti trn trn mt, ging chm chc:- c mt ng v Lestrade ri, chng cn g cho ngi th

ba khm ph na.Gregson xoa hai tay vi nhau, v hi lng:

- Chng ti lm tt c nhng g c th lm. Du sao, y lmt v k quc v ti bit ng vn thch nhng v nh th.

- ng n y bng xe nga?- Khng.- C ng Lestrade cng khng ch?- Phi.- Th th chng ta vo trong xem gian phng i.Sau kin khng n nhp g vi cu ni va ri, Holmes vo

trong nh. Gregson bc theo, v mt ng ngc.Mt hnh lang nh, bi bm dn n nh bp v phng n. C

hai ca, mt v pha bn tri v mt v pha bn phi hnhlang. R rng mt trong hai ca ny b ng kn t nhiu tunna Ca kia l ca m vo phng n, ni din ra tn thm kchy b n. Holmes bc vo. Ti theo ngay.

y l mt gian phng rng, hnh vung, khng c th cno nn cng c v rng. Tng ph bng mt loi giy r tin, cnhiu ch m t loang l v vi ba ch giy b bong ra, thngxung, l lp va vng kh bn trong. i din vi ca ra vol mt l si, mt l lm bng tm gi cm thch trng. mtm mt l si c cm mu nn bng sp . Chic ca s duynht ca gian phng lem lut n ni nh sng m c bn ngoiri qua nhum ln khp gian phng mt mu xm nh nh thlng.

Ngi cht nm sng soi trn sn, hai con mt trn trng nhnln trn nh. Nn nhn khong 43, 44 tui, ngi tm thc, vairng, tc qun v en, ru rm xn ngn. Mc mt chic o uitm dy nng, bn trong l chic o gi-l bng da tt, qun dimu sng, c o v ca tay o trng tinh. Mt chic m ng,sang trng v rt sch nm ngay trn sn nh, cnh nn nhn. Haibn tay nm cht, cnh tay dang rng, chn qup vo nhau chothy cuc vt ln vi t thn din ra ht sc khc lit. Trn ntmt cng cn in mt ni kinh hong. Nt mt nhn nhm thnh

mt v c c gh s , cng vi ci trn ngn, ci mi tt d,hm rng nh ra, cng vi t th k quc, cng lm cho ngicht c mt v rt ging loi kh. Ti tng thy ci cht dinhiu hnh dng, nhng cha bao gi thy n di dng thm khcn nh vy. Lestrade vc ngi gy g, mt chot, ng cacho chng ti:

- V ny s n o y. N vt tt c nhng v ti cchng kin.

- Khng c mt vt tch no. - Gregson ni.- Khng c my may. - Lestrade xc nhn.Holmes n cnh xc nn nhn, qu gi xung v xem xt rt

cn thn.- Hai ng kim tra k l khng c thng tch g ch? -

Holmes ch nhng git mu v nhng vt mu c rt nhiu xungquanh xc cht.

C hai thm t ca Scotland Yard cng ku ln:- Hon ton chc chn.- Th th tt nhin mu ny l ca mt k th hai, chc l ca

hung th, nu nh y l mt v m st.Trong khi ni, nhng ngn tay nhanh nhn ca anh lng qung

ch ny ch kia, s nn, ln m, xem xt khp ni, cn i mtvn m ci v xa vng. Sau cng Holmes ngi mi ri xem giy ngi cht.

- Khng ai x dch xc ny ch?- Khng.- By gi cc ng c th cho chuyn v nh xc c ri.Gregson c sn mt ci cng v bn ngi gip vic. Khi

ci xc c xc ln th c mt chic nhn ri xung sn, Lestradechp ly chic nhn, ngm ngha vi con mt kinh ngc, reo ln:

- c mt mt ngi n b y! Mt chic nhn ci ym!

Va ni, ng ta va cha chic nhn t trong lng bn tay ca

mnh ra cho chng ti xem. Khng c g nghi ng: Chic vng trnnh xu mc mc bng vng ny tng trang im cho ngn tayca mt c du.

- Th l cng thm rc ri. - Gregson nh gi.- ng c dm chc l chic nhn li khng gip ta cht no

khng? Ngoi ra, ng thy c nhng g trong cc ti o, ti qunnn nhn? - Holmes nhn xt.

Gregson ch nhng vt c by ra trn nhng bc thangdi cng ngoi ca bung:

- Tt c y. Mt chic ng h bng vng khc s 97.163 ca hng Barkerraud, London. Mt dy x tch vng, dy dn vrt nng, mt chic nhn vng c khc biu tng ca mt hi kn.Mt chic kp ca vt bng vng, chm thnh hnh u ch, mt civ ng nhng danh thip ghi tn Enoch J.Drebber trong thnhph Cleveland ph hp vi nhng ch vit tc E.J.D thu trn quno. Khng c v tin nhng c my ng tin, cng li l by bng.Hai bc th, mt bc gi cho E.J.Drebber v bc kia gi chok no tn l Joseph Stangerson.

- Gi v a ch no?- Gi n S giao dch chng khon M. C hai bc th u l

ca cng ty vn chuyn tu bin Guion v cng ni n, ngy gikhi hnh cc chuyn tu ca h, xut pht t Liverpool. R rngnn nhn sp sa ln tu i New York.

- Cc ng iu tra v mt ngi mang tn l Stangersonny cha?

- iu tra ngay ch! - Gregson p - Ti cho ng li nhntin trn tt c cc bo hng ngy v c ngi n s giao dchchng khon M, nhng cha v.

- Cc ng lin lc vi Cleveland cha?- Chng ti nh in sng nay.- Cc ng t nhng cu hi nh th no trong in?- Chng ti ch tng thut t m v n mng v ni s rt bit

n nu nhn c mi tin tc c th gip chng ti lm sng t vny.

- ng c hi t m v mt im no m cc ng coi l thityu khng?

- Ti c ni n Stangerson.- Ngoi ra khng ni g khc? Liu c th c mt chi tit no

y lm u mi cho ton b v ny khng? Cc ng c nn nhin li khng?

- Ti in i tt c nhng g cn hi ri. Gregson ni vi vb xc phm.

Holmes ci thm v hnh nh nh c mt li nhn xt thLestrade t gian phng ng trc quay li, xoa hai tay vi v hilng, ging khoa trng:

- ng Gregson , ti va mi pht hin mt chi tit ht sc htrng. - Mt Lestrade sng ln. ng ta mng r ra mt v thngng nghip ca mnh mt im: - Mi cc ng li y! Lestradehi h tr li gian phng khi ny.- y, cc ng n ng chny ny.

ng ta bt mt que dim v gi ln cao st mt tng, gingc thng: - Cc ng nhn y!

m tng ny, mt mnh giy dn ln b bong, ri i umt, l mt khong tng trt va th nhm, vng ch, hnhvung. Trn khong tng trn tri, c ai nguch ngoc vitnhng ch mang mu sm bng mu kh: Rache. Nh thmt h hi, ni tip:

- Chi tit ny b b st v y l ch ti nht trong phng. Thphm vit ch ny bng chnh mu mnh. Ta hy nhn vt ny,ch mu chy dc trn tng. Chi tit ny loi tr kh nngy l mt v t st. Ti sao hn vit ti ni ny. Ti xin ni l do.Cc ng c thy ngn nn trn mt l si khng? Lc by gi,ngn nn ny c thp sng v ch ny tr thnh ch sng nhttrn bc tng.

- Gi y, pht hin ht ri, ng thy ngha n ra sao?Gregson vn hi vi v khm phc.

- K ny ang nh vit tn Rachel, nhng khng kp vit chotrn tn. Cc ng hy nh ly li ti: khi v ny c lm sng t,cc ng s thy mt ngi n b tn l Rachel dnh lu vo y.ng c tin i, ng Holmes!

- Ti xin li - Holmes ni vi Lestrade khi thy ting ci camnh lm cho anh chng bc tc. - ng l ngi u tin chochng ti thy chi tit ny, v xem chng k vit ch ny l nhnvt th hai trong v n. Ti cha c dp xem k gian phng, nhngby gi, mn php cc ng, ti s xem xt mt lt.

Ni xong, anh rt trong ti ra mt cun thc dy v knh lp,d sot khp cn phng, lc th dng li hi lu, lc th qu hn gixung mt t; thm ch c lc nm xoi, p bng xung sn. Anhb thu ht vo cng vic n ni hnh nh qun hn chng ti, vanh lm bm nho nh mt mnh, thnh thong li kh reo ln, xutxoa, lu bu hay hut so ming. Nhng hnh ng y c th dint nhng hy vng ca anh, song cng c th coi l nhng li anht khch l trong cng vic ca mnh. Trong hai mi pht, anh mim tm ti, dng thc o mt cch t m khong cch gia nhngdu vt hon ton v hnh i vi ti. i khi, anh li p ci thcdy vo tng. ch trn sn nh, anh ht sc thn trng thunht mt nhm nh th bi xam xm v ct vo phong b. Saucng anh dng knh lp soi tng nt ch ca ci t b n vit trntng. Sau , anh c v hi lng, ct thc dy v knh lp voti, a ra mt nhn xt:

- C ngi bo rng thin ti l s lao ng ht sc kin tr.nh ngha y khng hon ton chnh xc, nhng p dng vo cngvic ca ngi thm t th rt ng.

Gregson v Lestrade theo di mi ng tc ca nh thm tt vi mt v t m. H cng ln ting hi:

- ng c kin g khng, ng Holmes?

Bn ti p, ging y chm chc:- Cho ti c php gp vo mt tay c khc g lm hoen m

vinh quang ca cc ng trong v ny. Cc ng s t gii quyt nmt cch chng vnh v trn vn, mt k th ba xen vo ththt l ng tic. Du vy, ti s ly lm hn hnh c gip ccng. Trong khi ch i, ti mun gp vin cnh st pht hin raxc nn nhn. Cc ng c th cho ti bit a ch ngi y ckhng?

Lestrade nhn vo quyn s tay:- John Rance. Hin gi, anh ta ht ca lm vic. ng c th

li nh anh ta s 46 ng Audley, khu Kennington.Holmes ghi a ch v bo ti:- Bc s Watson, ta n gp anh chng y i. - Ri quay sang

cc nh thm t ca nc Anh - y l mt v m st, v thphm l mt ngi n ng. Mt ngi n ng lc lng, caohn 6 feet, tui trung nin. So vi tm vc th chn hi nh. Hn igiy mi vung, ht x g Trichinopoly. Hn n y cng vi nnnhn trn mt chic xe nga bn bnh. Con nga ko xe c bamng st c v mt mng st mi chn tri trc. Th phm cb mt gay, mng bn tay phi ca hn c bit di.

Hai thm t nh nc nhn nhau vi n ci hoi nghi. Gregsonln ting:

- Nu vy, nn nhn b git bng cch no?- Bng thuc c - Holmes tr li vn tt ri ra v, nhng trc

khi bc qua ngng ca, anh cn quay li ni thm: - Cn mtchi tit ny na; ng Lestrade . Rache trong ting c c nghal tr th, vy ng ng mt thi gi tm kim c Rachel lm g.

Sau ngn n nh ny, Holmes b v, li ng sau hai chth h hc mm nhn nhau.

Chng 4 : Li khai ca cnh st John RanceLc chng ti ri ngi nh s 3 ng Lauriston th mt gi

tra. Holmes ko ti n trm bu in gn nht, gi i mt bc

in di. Sau , anh gi xe nga bo nh n a ch mLestrade ghi cho.

- Khng g gi tr bng nhng nhn chng trc tip. Thc ra, vny c xc nh ri, nhng hi bit thm vi chi tit cngkhng tha.

- C thc cc chi tit m anh va ni l ng khng?- iu u tin ti nhn ra ngay khi n hin trng l mt

chic xe nga in bnh thnh hai ci rnh su cnh b h. Trcm hm qua, tri khng ma mt tun. Vy th chic xe livt bnh ch c th y sau cn ma m qua. Ti thy ccc du chn mt con nga. Mt trong nhng vt chn ny sc nthn c ba vt chn khc, iu chng t con nga c mt chicmng mi ng. C mt chic xe nga n y sau khi trima v theo li Gregson cho bit sng nay khng thy n u, tasuy ra chic xe ca hn n ri ri i trong m v do , nchnh l chic xe ch hai ngi kia n ngi nh.

- Nghe ra kh n gin. Nhng cn v tm vc ca ngi hungth?

- C g u! Ta c th cn c vo chiu di ca bc chn msuy ra chiu cao ca ngi. Ti thy vt chn ca ngi th haitrn lp t st ngoi nh v trn lp bi trong gian phng.Ngoi ra, ti cn c mt cch khc kim tra cch tnh ca ti.Khi vit trn tng, ngi ta thng vit ngang tm mt mnh. Chvit kia, nh ti o c, cch mt t ng 6 feet. D nh bn,phi khng bc s?

- Th cn tui hn?- Mt ngi c th d dng phng bc 4 feet ri th khng

th l ngi lung tui. y cng l chiu di ca mt vng nctrn li i qua vn m hn bc qua. K i giy sang trng cnh i vng qua vng nc cn k i giy th mi vung thphng bc ngang qua. Khng c cht g b n im ny. Ti chp dng vo trong np sng hng ngy mt vi nguyn l quan st

v suy on m ti nu ln trong bi bo ca ti thi. C iu gkhc anh thy kh hiu na khng?

- Mng tay v x g?- My ch trn tng c vit bng mt ngn tay tr nhng

trong mu. Chic knh lp gip ti nhn ra l khi vit, ngn tayngi ny co mnh ln lp va trt tng, iu ny ch c thxy ra nu ngi ny c mng tay di. Ti tm thy ri rc trn snmt t tro en v xp, ch c loi x g Trichinopoly mi cho mtth tn nh vy. Chnh nhng iu vn vt vy lm cho nh thmt c ti khc vi loi thm t nh Gregson v Lestrade.

- Cn b mt ?- B mt l mt kt lun hi to bo. Thi khng nn hi

nhiu.Ti a tay xoa trn:- u ti xoay nh chong chng. Cng ngh cng khng bit

u m ln. Ti sao hai ngi y li n mt ngi nh b khng?Ngi nh xe ch h n hin nay ra sao? Lm th no nginy li p buc c ngi kia ung thuc c? Mu u ra?Hung th git ngi lm g? Ti sao li c mt chic nhn phn? Ti sao hung th vit ch RACHE trc khi b chy?

Bn ti n mt n ci ng tnh:- Anh tm tt ngn gn v chnh xc nhng iu nan gii ca

v ny. Hy cn kh nhiu kha cnh kh hiu khc na. Cn vpht hin ca anh chng Lestrade kia? Ch ny khng phi do mtngi c vit. Nu anh ch , anh s thy ch A c vit hitheo kiu ch ca ngi c. Th nhng, ngi c chnh cngbao gi cng vit theo dng ch Latin, v vy ta c th khng nhrng nhng ch ny khng phi do mt ngi c vit m l mtk mun gi lm ngi c, nhng vng v. y ch l mt cimu nhm nh lc hng cuc iu tra. Nhng thi, bc sWatson, ct ngha ht cc php thut ca mnh th nh ph thychng cn g l cao tay na. Cng vy, nu ti by t vi anh qu

nhiu phng php lm vic ca ti, anh s i n kt lun l tirt cuc cng chng c g c bit c.

- Khng khi no! Anh a php suy on ca anh n chgn thnh mt mn khoa hc chnh xc nh cha tng c trn thgii ny.

Nhng li ti ni v v khm phc trn nt mt ti khin Holmes mt v sung sng.

- Ti xin k thm vi anh. K i giy c nh v k i giy mivung cng n trn mt chic xe, cng i trn li i qua vn.Vo nh, k i giy nh i i li li ngang dc gian phng. Ti cth c thy iu trn lp bi, ti cn c th c c l cngi, hn cng ni xung ln, c th thy r bc chn ngy mt dica hn. Khi u ta c mt im xut pht ng, vy phi xctin gp ln thi, v chiu nay ti mun i nghe ha nhc.

Cu chuyn gia hai chng ti din ra trn chic xe nga angln bnh. n nhng ng ngch bn thu v gm ghic nht, chicxe bng dng li.

- n chung c Audley ri, trong kia ka - Ngi x ch chmt khong hp gia dy nh bng gch en s. - Ti ch cc ng ngoi ny.

Li i nh hp dn chng ti n mt ci sn gch hnh vung,xung quanh l nhng cn nh nhp nha. i qua mt nhm tr Conrch ri v mt lot dy phi qun o, chng ti tm n cn hs 46. Bn ca c mt tm bin nh bng ng khc tn Rance.Hi ra, chng ti c bit vin cnh st i ng. Ngi nh achng ti vo ch gian nh ngoi. Mt lt sau, vin cnh st ratip, v hi cu knh:

- Ti bo co ht n cnh st ri.Holmes rt ra mt ng tin vng, mn m vi v t l:- Chng ti mun nghe chnh anh k li.Vin cnh st thay i hn thi :- Ti sn sng.

Rance ngi xung chic gh m, cau my li vi v mt cangi khng mun st mt chi tit no.

- Ca i tun ca ti l t 10 gi ti n 6 gi sng. Vo lc 11gi m, xy ra mt v nh nhau gn qun ru Con hutrng, ngoi ra kh yn tnh. n 1 gi, tri bt u ma v tigp Harry Murcher, vin cnh st i tun pha ng HollandGrove. Chng ti ni vi nhau dm ba cu chuyn gc phHenryetta. Mt lt sau vo khong 2 gi, ti t nh mnh phi imt vng v pha ng Briston. Ph x yn tnh. Ti khng gp aic, tuy c thy mt hai chic xe. Ti i thong th, va i va nghti mt ly ru. Bng nhin mt vch nh sng lt ra t ca smt ngi nh lm ti ch . Ti vn bit hai ngi nh ngLauriston vn b khng. V vy ti ng rng c mt chuyn gkhng bnh thng, khi ti vo n ca nh...

- ...Th anh ng li v quay ra ch ca vn. Ti sao?- Vng, ng th. Nhng qui l, sao m ng bit? Khi ti n

ca nh, cnh vt im lm v vng v n ni ti phi quay tr lica vn, xem c thy ngn n tun tra ca Harry khng. Nhngkhng thy bng mt ai c.

- Anh khng thy ai ngoi ph ?- Khng mt ai, ngay mt con ch cng khng. Lc by gi, ti

tr li, y cnh ca. Cnh ca m ra d dng, bn trong honton yn tnh. Ti bc vo gian phng c nh sng. Di nhsng chp chn ca mt ngn nn trn mt l si, ti thy...

- c ri, ti bit anh thy nhng g ri. Anh i vng quanhgian phng vi ba ln, anh qu gi xung bn cnh xc cht, rianh i ngang qua gian phng, th m cnh ca gian bp v...

Rance bt ng dy, nt mt hong ht, con mt ng vc:- ng np ch no m nhn thy ht cc hot ng ca ti?Holmes ci vui v v t tm danh thip ca mnh ln bn:- Ch bt gi ti v v n mng ny. Ti l mt trong nhng

ngi sn ui con mi ch khng phi l con mi u. Anh k tip

i. Sau anh lm g?Rance ngi xung, cha bt bng hong:- Ti tr ra ca, hut ci. Nghe ting ci, Harry v hai vin cnh

st khc ko n.- Lc ngoi ph vn khng c ai ?- Vng, t ra l khng c ai c th gip ti.- Anh ni th l th no?Vin cnh st ci nhn c mt:- Trong i ti gp kh nhiu a say, nhng cha bao gi

thy ai say nh g ny. G ng ngoi ca khi ti trong nhbc ra. Ta ngi vo hng ro g, g ht tong ln mt bi htquen thuc cc qun ru. G ng cng khng vng, chng ni n gip ti mt tay.

- G thuc dng ngi nh th no?Rance c v kh chu trc cu hi lc :- Ti bo g l g say mm m, sau kht, khng bit tri

t l g na. Nu chng ti khng vng tay vo v ny th a g v n ri.

- Mt g th no? G mt qun o g? Anh c thy iu g cbit khng? - Holmes nn nng ngt li anh ta.

- Chc l khng c g c bit, v ti v Harry phi g.Ngi g cao ln, mt .

- Thi ri, sau ra sao?- Lc by gi chng ti u c ri ri m bn tm n g. -

Vin cnh st tr li vi v mch lng. - Ti cam oan l g ingay v nh.

- G mc qun o g?- o khoc ngoi mu nu.- Tay c cm ci roi phi khng?- Roi ? Khng.- Hn ta b qun. - Bn ti lm bm. - Sau y anh khng

nghe thy hoc nhn thy mt chic xe nga no ?

- Khng.- Xin i ng bn ng tin vng ny - Holmes ng dy, tay

cm ly m. - Anh Rance ny, m qua l ra anh git c loni trng ri y. G say ru l ngi nm gi ci cha khatm ra v b mt ny. Chng ti ang tm hn. Thi, ta i i bc s!

Chng ti tr ra xe, mc vin cnh st ngi ngn ngi v lolng. Trong chic xe chy v ph Baker, Holmes ni, ging ngaongn:

- Dp may c mt khng hai n vi hn m hn tut mt.- Ti vn thy ti nh bng. ng l hnh dng g say ru kia

rt khp vi s miu t ca anh v nhn vt th hai trong tn bikch. Nhng ti sao hn quay tr li ngi nh sau khi b i ri. khng phi l thi thng hnh ng ca bn ti phm.

- Chic nhn, bc s , v chic nhn. l l do v sao nquay li. Nu ta khng tm c cch no khc tm c n, tac th by n bng chic nhn. Ri ti s tm c c n ti nhcuc vi anh y. Thi, by gi, ta i n cm tra ri cn i ngheha nhc.

Chng 5. Cuc ving thm ca ngi khch l.Cc hot ng trong bui sng hm l qu nhiu, cho nn

n chiu, ti thy mt. Holmes, i nghe ha nhc mt mnh cn tinm di trn chic i-vng, c chp mt ly mt vi ting, nhngkhng sao ng c. Tr c ti b kch thch qu mnh v nhng sVic din ra v cha y nhng gi thit, nhng iu tngtng k qui nht.

Cng ngh, ti cng thy gi thit ca Holmes cho rng nnnhn b u c l k qui. Nhng nu nn nhn khng phicht v thuc c th v ci g, bi l trn c th khng c mtthng tch no c. V mu trn sn l mu ca ai? Chng nonhng cu hi y cha c gii p, ti cm thy gic ng khm n c. Holmes vng nh kh lu. Anh khng th no ni

ha nhc tt c ngn y thi gian. Ba n ti dn ra xong, anh miv.

- Tht l k th - Holmes va ni va ngi vo bn n - Darwincho rng kh nng to ra m nhc v thng thc m nhc tnti con ngi t lu, trc khi con ngi bit ni. C th v l ym ngy nay chng ta chu nh hng m i ca m nhc. Trongtm hn chng ta cn lu li nhng k c m h v nhng thi kmng mui y.

- l mt t tng rt v i -Ti nhn xt.- T tng ca chng ra phi v i ngang tm vi t nhin khi

ta mun tm hiu t nhin. Nhng sao th? V n mng lm anhbn chn ?

- ng th.- Ti hiu tm trng anh. Trong v ny c mt kha cnh b n

n kch thch tr tng tng. Khi m tr tng tng khng bkch thch th ta khng thy khng khip. Anh c bo buichiu cha?

- Cha.- Bi tng thut khng k li chi tit khi ngi ta nht xc nn

nhn ln th c mt chic nhn ri ra. Khng ni n chic nhncng hay.

- V sao?- Anh hy c li nhn tin ny. Sng nay ti gi ng trn

cc bo, mc Ca ri: nht c mt chic nhn ci trnng Briston, on t qun ru CON HU TRNG n gcph Holland Grove. Ai nh ri, mi n gp bc s Watson snh 221B, ph Baker nhn v, t tm gi n chn gi ti nay.

- Ti xin li mn tn anh. Nu dng tn ti th th no mttrong hai tn ngc kia cng nhn ra v li dnh vo y.

- Khng sao c. Nhng nh c ai n, ti li khng c chicnhn no.

- , c ch, nhn y! Holmes a cho ti mt chic nhn.

Chic nhn ny c y ch, ging chic kia nh in.- Ai s n xin li ca ri ny?- Cn ai vo y! K mc chic o khoc ngoi mu nu, c b

mt i giy mi vung. Nu hn khng ch thn n th hn sphi mt tn ng la.

- Liu hn c cho l qu nguy him khng?- Khng u! Con ngi y dm liu mi chuyn hn l mt

chic nhn. Theo ti, hn nh ri chic nhn khi ci xung trnxc nn nhn. Lc ra khi nh, hn thy mt chic nhn nn vi vquay li, nhng lc y cnh st ti v hn v ngn nn vnchy. Lc by gi hn phi gi v say nh tan mi nghing do s C mt ca hn. Hn cho rng mnh nh ri chicnhn sau khi ra khi nh. Trong trng hp , hn s lm g?Hn s hi h tm c cc mc ng CA RI. Hn s mnglm. Vic g hn phi s b by. Hn s n cho m xem. Trongvng mt gi na.

- Ri sao na?- , khi y, anh c th mc ti vi hn. Anh c sng y

khng?- Ti cn gi khu sng ngn vi my vin n.- Anh nn lau chi v np n vo. Ta s gp mt con ngi

rt liu mng.Ti v phng ring v lm theo li khuyn ca Holmes. Khi tr

li vi khu sng, ti thy bn n c dn sch v Holmesang bn vi mn gii tr a thch ca mnh: gy dy n v cm.Thy ti vo, anh ni:

- Cu chuyn thm nhiu chi tit m . Ti va mi nhnc in tr li t M. Cch nhn nhn vn ca ti cxc nhn l ng.

- C th l...? Ti st sng hi.- Ct sng i. Khi nhn vt ca chng ta xut hin, anh hy ni

chuyn vi hn mt cch bnh thng v mc ti x s. ng

lm hn hong ln bng nhng li qu gay gt.- By gi 8 gi ri.- c, hn s ti trong vi pht na. Anh h m cnh ca

mt cht. Th c ri. By gi anh tra cha kha vo khatrong i. Cm n! A! Nhn vt ca chng ta n kia ri.

Trong lc anh ni, ti nghe ting chung git mnh. Holmes nhnhng ng dy, k li gh ca mnh gn ca. C ting chnngi hu vang ln trong phng tin snh, ting cha kha vntrong kha v ting ca m. Mt ging thanh thanh nhng khrn ri:

- y c phi l nh bc s Watson khng?Chng ti khng nghe thy cu tr li ca ngi hu, nhng

cnh ca khp li v c ngi bc ln cu thang. Bc chnngp ngng, d dt. Holmes lng tai nghe, c v hi ngc nhin.C ai bc chm chp ngoi hnh lang ri g ca khe kh.

- Mi vo! Ti ht to.Sau li mi ca ti, mt b c rt gi, da nhn nheo, bc vo.

B c hnh nh b chi mt v nh sng trong phng. B ci uxung cho ri c ng nhn chng ti vi con mt hp hy yghn, bn tay run ry lc tm ci g trong ti. Ti lic nhanh nhnHolmes. Nt mt anh biu l mt v tht vng. B lo rt trong tira mt t bo:

- Tha cc ng qu ha, ti c c mu tin ny trn bo nnmi n - B lo li ci cho mt ln na - l chic nhn cacon gi ti, tn n l Sally, n ly chng cch y mt nm vchng n hin ang lm vic trn tu thy. Chng n s ni sao khiv thy v khng cn chic nhn ci na. Thng vn l mta khng thun tnh, nht l khi ru vo. Tha hai ng, con giti ti qua n i xem xic vi...

- y c phi l chic nhn ca c y khng? - Ti hi v achic nhn ra.

- Xin t n cha! Ti nay, con Sally s mng lm y. ng l

chic nhn ca n.- Nh c u? Ti hi v cm ly bt ch.- S 13 ph Duncan khu Houndsditch. Xa y lm v i mt

lm.Ging Holmes anh li:- Khng c rp xic no t Briston n khu Houndsditch c.B c quay sang Holmes, nhn chm chm:- ng ny hi nh ti. Cn nh Sally th s 3 khu Mayfield

ng Peckham.- Tn c l g?-Tn ti l Sawyer, chng n l Dennis, Tom Dennis, mt a

nhanh nhn v kh ngoan khi bin, ai ny u qu ha. Nhng khin ln b th i do, ru ch, trai gi

- C Sawyer - Ti ngt li b c khi thy Holmes ra hiu. -Chic nhn ny ng l ca con gi c, ti rt vui lng tr li choch ca n.

Lm bm mi nhng li cm n v chc tng, b c ct chicnhn vo trong ti ri li l chn bc xung thang gc. Holmeslao vi v bung anh khi b c va ra khi phng. Vi giy sau, anhtr li, ngi trm trong chic o mng-t ln v mt ci khnqung kn c kn mi.

- Ti i theo b lo y. Anh ch ti nh nh.Cng nh va khp li sau lng ngi khch gi th Holmes

xung ht cu thang. Nhn qua ca s, ti thy b gi ang bcchm chm qua ng v bn ti cch khng xa Lc Holmesi, kim ng h ch 9 gi ti. Ti ngi ht thuc v c sch.Chung ng h im 10 gi, ti nghe ting chn nhng ngi hugi i ng. Mi mt gi, n lt ting chn rn ri hn ca bch nh ln ging. Gn na m th c ting m kha ca.Holmes va mi th u vo bung, ti thy ngay l hng vic.Nt mt Holmes c v va bun ci va bc bi, hai tm trng hnh nh vt ln vi nhau cho n khi v bun ci thng th th

anh bt ci thnh ting, bung mnh xung chic gh bnh, tgiu mnh:

- Gi m Scotland Yard bit chuyn ny, h s c mt trnci ch nho.

- C chuyn g vy?- Khi i c mt on ng th m gi bt u i khp

khing, l r l au chn. c mt qung na, m ng li, gimt chic xe nga ngang qua. Ti vi mon men n gn, nhng lonh vy l tha, v m ni to n ni ng bn kia ng cngnghe r. M ht ln: Cho ti n nh s 14 ph Duncan, khuHoundsditch. Ti ngh bng m ny xem ra c v ngay tht y.Khi thy r rng rng m ngi vo trong chic xe ri, ti mi thumnh nhy ln ngi np trong nhp xe: y l mt tr m nh thmt no cng s trng. Th ri xe chy, chy mi, khng dng limt giy no cho n khi ti ph Duncan. Sp n nh, ti t chngi nhy xung, i vn v ngoi ph, ngi nh xe nhy xung.Sn li gn, ti thy hn ang tc ti xem xt khoang xe trngkhng v tun ra mt trng cu chi. n hi nh s 13 ti cbit ch nh l mt ngi lm bnh ngt tn l Keswick v ngcha nghe n tn Sawyer ln Dennis bao gi.

Ti kinh ngc :- M gi chun khi xe trong khi xe ang chy m anh v

ngi nh xe u khng bit?- cho b la nh vy chnh chng ta mi l b gi. chc

l mt g trai tr, nhanh nhn, ng kch gii, ci trang kho. C lhn bit hn b theo di nn dng ci mo y la ti. iu chng t rng nhn vt m chng ta tm kim c nhn