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BT2Session6/9/1610:00AM
UseBusinessAnalystsforUserInterfaceDesign
Presentedby:
CathySargent
TheJacksonLaboratory
Broughttoyouby:
350CorporateWay,Suite400,OrangePark,FL32073888---268---8770··[email protected]://www.techwell.com/
CathySargentTheJacksonLaboratoryAseniorbusinesssystemanalystatTheJacksonLaboratory,CathySargentleveragesherbackgroundinsoftwarequalityassurancetoapproachfunctionalandbusinessrequirementswithaMurphy'sLawattitude.ThechallengingandinnovativesciencebehindtheuniquetechnologyneedsoftheLaboratorynecessitatethatbusinessandfunctionalrequirementsarefullymetandtheuserexperienceisconsistentinanapplication.CathydrawsonherknowledgeofsoftwareconfigurationmanagementandsoftwaretestingtofocusonprocessimprovementanddocumentationwhileimplementingERPs,LIMS,andweb-basedapplicationsinvalidatedenvironments.
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Use Business Analysts for User Interface Design Better Software West – June 2016
Cathy Sargent, The Jackson Laboratory
Introduction
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! A Senior Business System Analyst at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine
! Started career in Software Quality Assurance
! Implementation of ERPs, LIMS, and web based applications o Validated and non-validated environments
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Introduction
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! The Jackson Laboratory is an independent nonprofit organization leveraging eight decades of expertise in genetics and genomics to increase understanding of human disease and discover precise genomic solutions
! Over 1800 employees located across 3 campuses o Bar Harbor, Maine o Sacramento, California o Farmington, Connecticut
Introduction - JAX Facts
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! 2.5 million JAX® Mice distributed yearly o A mouse with a specific disease or condition
can serve as a model or stand-in for a human patient with that same disease or condition
! More than 8,000 varieties are available as breeding mice, frozen embryos, or DNA samples
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Introduction - JAX People
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! More than 250 Ph.D.s, M.D.s, and D.V.M.s researching o Cancers o Computational biology and bioinformatics o Developmental and reproductive biology o Immunology o Metabolic diseases o Neurobiology
! 26 Nobel prizes associated with JAX research, resources, and education
Objectives
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! Typical software development failures
! Using Mockups early in the SDLC, it will help! o Elicit requirements o Confirm use cases o Establish mutual understanding o Promote buy-in o Benefits Developers, Trainers, Testers, and Project Managers o Save time, reduce re-work
! Examples and Tools
! Q & A
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Typical Software Development Failures What comes to mind first?
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Typical Software Failures
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! Unrealistic schedules
! Inaccurate estimates
! Inadequate Testing
! Scope creep
! Unmanaged risks
! Poor communication
! Use of immature technology
! Poor Architecture
! Solution not intuitive to users
! Poorly defined requirements
! Estimates are too optimistic
! Sloppy development practices
! Poor teamwork
! Poor project management
! Stakeholder politics
! Lack of user input
! Commercial pressures
! Lack of skilled resources
! Inability to handle the project's complexity
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Typical Software Failures we'll discuss
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! Unrealistic schedules
! Inaccurate estimates
! Inadequate Testing
! Scope creep
! Unmanaged risks
! Poor communication
! Use of immature technology
! Poor Architecture
! Solution not intuitive to users
! Poorly defined requirements
! Estimates are too optimistic
! Sloppy development practices
! Poor teamwork
! Poor project management
! Stakeholder politics
! Lack of user input
! Commercial pressures
! Lack of skilled resources
! Inability to handle the project's complexity
What defines success?
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! Success isn't always measurable
! It depends on who you ask! o "Projects that are delivered on time, within budget and meet
scope specifications may not necessarily perceived to be successful by key stakeholders." - Jack S. Duggal, MBA, PMP
! The judgment of your users matters o If the system doesn't meet their needs then ultimately it fails
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Poorly defined requirements
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! Any design is as good as the completeness and correctness of the requirements
! If requirements are poor, the end result is usually unhappy users
! High Quality requirements are fundamental to a successful solution
Lack of User participation
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! Don't always know what they want
! May be reluctant to tell you what they need
! Sometimes omit 'obvious' information
! Have a poor understanding of o Software capabilities o Software limitations
! Resource constraints limit user's availability
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Poor communication
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! Lack of collaboration/planning
! Customers request functionality but sometimes don't see it until the final testable product
! Developers/Designers may be interpreting the look and feel of the application based on the requirements
! QA may not be involved until testing
! Trainers may not see the application until the final testable product
Inaccurate estimates
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! Estimates are often made based on previous experiences
! One person estimating for another
! Estimating backwards from a target date
! Base the estimate on vague information
! Incorrect interpretation of requirements
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Solution not intuitive to Users
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! User experience matters
! Bad user interface can drive users away
! Design not consistent
! Too difficult to navigate
Using Mockups early in the SDLC Create an Intuitive User Experience
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Mockups, Wireframes, Prototypes
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! Wireframes – skeleton, used to understand space and structure
! Mockups – models the application, shows the user interaction with the application
! Prototypes - early samples, models, or releases of a product built to test a concept or process
! All of these are useful!
Wireframes
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What do you need to start?
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! For Mockups to be successful you should already have
o Scope o User request / high level user requirements o Decision on solution
! Building from scratch ! Customizing an off the shelf solution
How using Mockups will help
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! Elicit requirements
! Confirm use cases
! Establish mutual understanding
! Promote buy-in
! Benefits Trainers, Testers, and Project Manager planning
! Save time, reduce re-work
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Elicit Requirements
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! "What would you like the system to do?" o Ask this question only if you want:
! Blank stares ! A memory dump of everything the user knows about the process ! A list of only exceptions
! The end goal is clear language, accuracy, quality, and completeness
Confirm Use Cases and Establish Mutual understanding
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! Model business processes
! Easy to edit platform
! Link fields and forms to show the user interactions with the system o Actors, triggers, results, and alternate paths
! BA interpretations of the business needs is displayed in visual format
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Promote buy-in
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! Develop a 'walkthrough'
! Users see how the system will function o Examples of their data right in the Mockups (content) o See transactions and flow of the data (interaction)
! Gain end-user buy-in early in the SDLC o Users helped design the look and feel of the system
Planning Benefits
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! Properly scope the solution o Better overall design – does it fit?
! Start planning deliverables
! Allows for better estimates o More accurate deadlines
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Save Time, reduce re-work
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! No coding in design iterations o Quicker o Less Costly
! Catch missed requirements
! Identify gaps
! Visual representation of the application before development starts
! Mockups take time to produce, the gain is in the reduction of development re-work
Examples and Tools
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Tools
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! Generally anything that allows print screens, doodles, illustrations, and notes will work
! Software: o Balsamiq Mockups https://balsamiq.com/products/mockups/ o UXPin https://www.uxpin.com/ o Mockingbird https://gomockingbird.com/ o Mockup Builder http://mockupbuilder.com/
An Example for Practice
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! A user request: o Our new airline company 'Agile Airlines' is launching and we'll
need to provide our customers the ability to check in for their flights
! Example scope: o Check in for flight o Allow the changing of seats as available o Add extras, like baggage or pay for upgraded seats o Review, make payment, and check in
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Assumptions?
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! Let's take a second and write down a few design assumptions we are already making
Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! This is a new Kiosk self–serve application, not online. This is not for the handling agent.
! Not everyone that uses this will speak English.
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Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! We only fly domestic, so 30 minutes prior to flight is the cut off time.
! Customers that have more than 6 people in their party cannot use Kiosk check-in.
Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! Could we see if the flight is on time?
! We offer a frequent flyer program so the customer needs a place to enter their account number in.
! Can we see the seats in a map when we click?
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Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! Customers that are traveling with infant, require special assistance, or need medical certification cannot self check-in.
Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! By law we need a baggage disclosure.
! Can we just have buttons for the # of bags instead?
! Customers that have more than 3 bags to check must see the handling agent.
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Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! Can we show the upgrade cost when the user selects a seat?
Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! Can we ask the user to confirm the amount due?
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Example Mockup – Elicit Requirements
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! We need to provide the ability to say no for printing a receipt.
! Can the customer have an authorization status presented to them?
Example Mockup – Establish Mutual Understanding
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! We have: o Elicited more detailed requirements o Started to form use case in a visual format
! We see: o Interactions with the system
! We can: o Further identify the exceptions o Repeat the walkthrough
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Example Mockup – Establish Mutual Understanding, use cases
Example Mockup – Promote buy-in
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! Develop a 'walkthrough' of the use cases to share with your SMEs
! Walkthroughs can be simple screen shots in a power point
! Some mockup tools allow you to action the button clicks and links
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Example Mockup – Planning Benefits
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! Seeing this mockup example can you see planning benefit is across roles? o Developers o Testers o Trainers o Project Managers
Planning Benefits
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! Developers: o Improvement of estimations o Early design review o Attend the meetings and contribute right alongside the users
! Help Trainers and QA: o Easier to understand the testing & training scope o Early start to documents that normally require you to see the
application
! Project Managers: o Clearer scope, clearer requirements, better estimates
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Example Mockup – Reduce rework
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! In the example the visual aids helped elicit requirements that could have been gaps
! Changing these mockups was much quicker than changing code
! There are still many more requirements that could be captured in this simple example o Did any of your initial assumptions receive clarity? o Did you find yourself thinking of design improvements during
the example edits?
Real World Examples from JAX
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Establish Mutual Understanding
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! Confusing processes mocked-up to clarify
Confirm Use Cases & Scenarios
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Promote buy-in
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! Use walkthroughs in the actual lab or with props
Translate Mockups to formal Requirements
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Test script design
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Delivered Functionality
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! Example of the mockup and a final product
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Operational Change Requests
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In Closing
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! Using Mockups will allow your users to be more involved with the design, enhancing user experience
! The interpretations of requirements are visually represented with improved feedback loops
! Expanded communication across all team members
! Added clarity for better estimates
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Q & A
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References
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! The Jackson Laboratory www.jax.org
! Duggal, Jack S. "Next Level Up:How Do You Measure Project Success? Rethinking the Triple Constraint." How Do You Measure Project Success? Rethinking the Triple Constraint. PMI, 9 July 2010. Web. 15 Feb. 2016.
! Balsamiq Mockups https://balsamiq.com/products/mockups/
! UXPin https://www.uxpin.com/
! Mockingbird https://gomockingbird.com/
! Mockup Builder http://mockupbuilder.com/