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Growthof
ChristianityHistory 126
Dr. Anita Fisher
Major Church Fathers
•St. Jerome 340-345?-420
•St. Ambrose 340-397•St. Augustine 354-430
St. Jerome and Lions
• Vulgate Edition of Bible
Ambrose Bishop of Milan
andEmperor
Theodosiu
s
•Christianity Only religion allowed 380 c.e.
•Excommunication•Interdict•Penance
St. Augusti
ne 354-430
c.e.
Augustine’s Legacies•No birth control
•No divorce•Interpretation of Bible
Historical Etiological = moral Analogical = Old
Testament as prefiguring New Testament
Allegorical Books – City of God &
Confessions
City of God
St. Benedic
t ca. 520
c.e.
founder of the first
monastic order in west -
Benedictines
Basic rules of Monasticism
• Humility, Chastity, Obedience & Poverty
• Work of God = Opus Dei 7 liturgical offices or service of worship
• Gregorian Chant developed Monophonic initially Polyphonic & organs added in 9th c.
St. Scholastica
founder of first nunnery
Benedictines
Basic Rules for Nunneries
• Abbess over the Nunnery or Convent• Nuns must take vows of poverty,
chastity & obedience• Usually only wealthy women allowed
to be nuns as they needed an extensive dowry
• St. Scholastica founded the Benedictine Order of Nuns – she was the sister of St. Benedict
Monte Cassino Ruins
Other Ways of Celebrating Christianity• Celebration of Saints’ Day (day
died and went to heaven) Started in 2nd c. No formal canonization until 12th c.
• Relics Miracles could be performed Reliquaries
Relics of St. Lucy & St. Agnes –
fragments of bone & hair – sealed by wax
Relic of True Cross of Jesus Christ’s
St. Martin of Tours
Convertor of the Gauls
• St. Columba• Converter of the• English
Iona Abbey
Lock Ness
St. Columba
Lock Ness Monster
Celtic Trinity• St. Columba• St. Bridgit• St. Patrick
St. Bridgit
St. Patrick
Shamrock
Gregory the Great
540-604 c.e.
Roman Catholic Popes
•Peter – first Pope•From then on Apostolic Succession process of selecting new pope
•College of Cardinals added later
Lindisfarne
Carpet Page
Lindisfarne
Gospels