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The Northern Renaissance
Brueghel's The Wedding Dance
Bell RingerThe term “humanism,” when applied to Renaissance Italy,
refers primarily to theA. renewed interest in the scientific method at many Italian
universitiesB. capitalist values advanced by leading Italian merchant bankersC. antireligious movement among leading Italian intellectualsD. scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of
Greece and RomeE. non-Christian themes that became prominent in Italian art
and literature
2004 AP Exam
LocationWhere: North of Italy
FranceGermanyEnglandNetherlands
Scholars went to Italy & brought back Renaissance ideals
Northern Humanism
AKA Christian Humanism
Northern humanists interpreted Italian ideals about & attitudes toward classical antiquity, individualism & humanism in terms of their own traditions
Northern Humanism – cont.
Developed program for broad social reform based on Christian idealsEthical way of life
Classical ideals of calmness, stoic patience & broad mindedness + Christian ideals of faith, hope & love
Northern Humanism – cont.
To change society, must first change humanity
Had profound faith in the power of human intellect to bring about moral & institutional reform
Human nature = fundamentally good & capable of improvement through education
Desiderius Erasmus
1466-1536
Dutch humanist
Well known all over Europe
Erasmus’ Philosophy
Two themes in all works:1. Education is the:o means to reformo Key to moral & intellectual improvement
Erasmus’ Philosophy
2. “The Philosophy of Christ”Christianity should:
show people how to live good livesnot just give a set of beliefs to
followfocus inward
In other words…Christianity (the Church) should “walk the walk”
Thomas More1478-1535
English lawyer
Ambassador to Flanders under Henry VIII
Most famous book: Utopia
Key to improvement & reform of the individual = reform social institutions that molded the individual
The Printed WordPrinting Press (w/moveable
metal type)GermanyMid-15th Century (mid-
1400s) Johan Gutenberg (Bible –
1456)
By 1480 – 110 European cities had pressesEst. 8-20 million books in
print by 1500
Impact of the Printing Press
Transformed European public & private lifeDiscussion points for peopleGave silent individuals a voiceStimulated literacy of commonersBridged gap between written & oral cultures
Closure
With your partner, list & discuss the 4 characteristics of the Italian Renaissance
Which of these characteristics applies to the Northern Renaissance? Which do not? Why?
2 minutes