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ASIAN INFLUENCESon the PHILIPPINES
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
The Filipino-Chinese Trade started during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907)
It peaked during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
The Philippines was a very important center of Chinese Trade.
They reached the different parts of the country using the JUNK.
- 400 up to 500 passengers- visited the Babuyan Islands, Ilocos, Laguna, Cebu,
Bohol and Cagayan de Oro
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
Announcing the arrival: SOUND A BIG DRUM
On the deck of the junk werethe different things being sold.
Silk cloth, gongs, porcelain, umbrellas, gold thread, etc.
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
Natives exchanged honey, furniture, rattan (yantok), cotton, pearls, fruits, wood, gold, etc.
Travel to the Philippines took about 20 days.
Trading lasted only about 4 to 5 days per area.
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES:
1. Use of jars for burials of bones.
- they could bring the remnants of their relatives anywhere
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
2. Food
- food like TOFU, HOPIA, LOMI, - BACHOY, GOTO, SIOPAO, - LUMPIA, SIOMAI, ETC.
- Chinese ingredients: - BIHON, KINCHAY, PETCHAY, - TOGE, MISWA, ETC.
- Filipinos also learned how to plant these vegetables.
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
3. Use of Filipino words borrowed from China- Most of these words are from the Amoy dialect A CHI ATEKO A KUYATAU KUA TOKWABI KO BIKOHI KAU HIKAWBAK KHIAQ BAKYA
(see pages 187-188)
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
4. Established the first convenience store:
THE SARI-SARI STORE- sold everything for your convenience
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
5. Wearing of the “kamisa de chino”,
loose pants andlong-sleeved
shirt
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
6. Games and toys:
TopsCardsSungkaFlying kites
Gambling:Mah-jong
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
7. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONSArranged Marriage
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
7. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONSRespect for Elders
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
7. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONSWearing of WHITE for mourning
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
INFLUENCES
7. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONSUse of FIREWORKS during celebrations
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
THE MOST LASTING INFLUENCE OF CHINA:
COMMERCE AND TRADE
FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIPFirst relations started around 800 A.D.This relationship was based purely on commerce.
Proof of this relationship are differentImages made of CLAY, GOLD and BRASS.
- 21 carat golf image found in Agusan - Golden Tara
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
- metallic image of Ganesh, the elephant god
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
- medallion of Padmapani (Padma)
1. Filipino customs similar of Hindus.- burial practice of dead sitting on a chair (Ifugao)
2. Sanskrit words found in Visayan and Maguindanao languages
SANSKRIT TAGALOGtara tala (to record)lekkha likha (to create)ahi ahas (snake)swamin asawa (spouse)guru guro (teacher)aya yaya (nurse)
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
3. Form of WRITING:ALIBATA
This is a system writing was done on Palm leaves
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
INDIAN CLOTHING:
PUTONG- local headwear
SARONG-long cloth worn by
women
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
INDIAN
Plants and Trees
mangalangkapatolaampalaya
FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
1. The Japanese introduced:
DUCK FARMING/RAISING
FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. The Japanese introduced:FISH BREEDING
FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. Other Japanese influences:
a. Removing of slippers before entering the house…
b. Bonsai planting
c. Manufacturingfarm tools andwar weapons
FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
Other Japaneseinfluences:
Origami
Martial Arts: JUDO
Tanning of deer skin
FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. MALAY INFLUENCES:
a. Spices like CURRY
FILIPINO-malaysian RELATIONSHIP
1. MALAY INFLUENCES:
b. Fish Sauce: PATIS
FILIPINO-malaysian RELATIONSHIP
1. MALAY INFLUENCES:
c. Coconut Milk: GATA
FILIPINO-malaysian RELATIONSHIP
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
Arabs improved on the relationships between the Philippines and other Asian countries
-ARABIA was the center of the Arab Empire
- It was the center of commerce from India, China and Africa
- ARABIA was the center of Islamic religion
Usual trade items:
textile, wool, calico (a kind of cloth)
metal tools, gold bullions
jewelry and other precious gems
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…Spaniards : ChristianityArabs : Islam
Mohammad was born in 570 AD
-was orphaned at an early age-Uncle Abu Talib took care of him
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Mohammad was born in 570 ADin MECCA (Saudi Arabia)
-at age 40 he received his 1st messagefrom God through Angel Gabriel
(JIBRIL)
MESSAGE: STOP ATHEISM AND POLYGAMY
GABRIEL GAVE MOHAMMAD THE TEACHINGS
OF THE QU’RAN
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Mohammad was born in 570 ADin MECCA (Saudi Arabia)
-at age 40 he received his 1st messagefrom God through Angel Gabriel
(JIBRIL)
MESSAGE: STOP ATHEISM AND POLYGAMY
GABRIEL GAVE MOHAMMAD THE TEACHINGS
OF THE QU’RAN
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Started in 622 A.D. when Mohammad escaped from Mecca to YathribThis escape is called the HEJIRA
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Mohammad died at the age of 62
Mid 13th century, several parts of Southeast Asia embraced Islam
ex. Sumatra and Java
The leader of Malacca, ISHKANDAR SHAH was converted to Islam
Malacca became the center of Islamic learning.
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
ARRIVAL OF MUSLIMS ACCORDING TO THE TARSILA
TARSILA a written document n the leaders and descendants of a famous Muslim, ex. Mohammad
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
ARRIVAL OF MUSLIMS ACCORDING TO THE TARSILA
TUHAN MASHAIKA – introduced Islam to the country
In Sulu, there is a tarsila about MAKHDUM KARIM, a leader in Tawi-Tawi.
In Sulu, the first Arab Community started in the 15th century under SHARIF ABU-BAKR.
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
SHARIF ABU BAKR
- missionary who married the daughter of Rajah Baguinda.- converted the whole community of Sulu into Islam- introduced the SHARI'A (SACRED ORDERS)- declared himself SULTAN- recognized as the 1st Sultan of Sulu- established the 1st MADRASAHS (schools
that teach the Qu'ran)- introduced Arabian literature
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
SHARIF MOHAMMAD KABUNGSUWAN
- arrived in 1457 and also proclaimed himself sultan
- soon most parts of Mindanao also accepted Islam all the way up to Luzon
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
TEACHINGS OF ISLAM (Foundations of Islam)
A devoted Muslim has to fulfil certain obligations: 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
1.SHAHADAH – DECLARATION OF FAITH
Faith or belief in the Oneness of God and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad;
"Ashadu anla ilaha ila allah, washadu anna Muhammedan rasolallah."
The only purpose in life is to serve and obey GOD.
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
2. SALAH
Establishment of the daily prayers; 5 times a day pray, they pray the SALAH
God is Great. 4xI testify that there is none worthy of worship except God. 2xI testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God. 2xCome to prayer! 2xCome to success! 2xGod is Great! 2xThere is none worthy of worship except God.
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
3. ZAKAH
Concern for the poorAlmsgiving to the needy
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
4. SAWM
Self-purification through FASTING
-every year in the month of RAMADAN from sun up to sun down, NO DRINKING
NO EATING
Final Day of Fasting – HARIRAYA PUASA
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
5. HAJJ
The PILGRIMAGE to Makkah (Mecca) for those who are able
One who has seen Mecca is CALLED:
HADJI (SACRED PERSON)
BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Mohammad was the only person who was able to
UNITE THE FIGHTING TRIBES OF THE MUSLIM STATES.
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINESTHE MOSQUE
From the Arab word “MASJID” which means “a place of worship”
A ritual of prayers with movements like standing, bowing, sitting and kneeling.
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
OKIR DESIGNS
Old houses have Okir designs on the beams of the houses
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
The Arabs were the first to introduce weapons used a explosives.
LANTAKA – a small Muslim cannon made of brass
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES
ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINESThe SARIMANOK design
most common in Lanao (Mindanao)a very colorful bird
ASPECTS CHRISTIANITY ISLAM
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
SUPREME BEING
FOUNDER
HOLY LAND
FOUNDATION OF FAITH
RELIGIOUS LEADER
PLACE OF WORSHIP
RELIGIOUS CENTER
RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS
FEAST DAYS
PERIOD OF FASTING
GOD ALLAH
JESUS CHRIST MOHAMMAD
JERUSALEM MECCA
TEN COMMANDMENTS
FIVE PILLARS
POPE IMAM
CHURCH / CHAPEL MOSQUE/MASJID
VATICAN AL HARAM / MECCA
CRUCIFIX / CROSS CRESCENT MOON
EASTER EID AL-FITR
LENT RAMADAN
END OF LESSON