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The Culture of PovertyKyle Vath, BSN, RN
Saturday, January 18, 2014, 1:00pm-1:40pmIHCF Seminar, 2014
Dallas, Texas
A little about me...
A little about me…
A little about me…
A little about me…
A little about me…
A little about me…
A little about me…
What this is NOT:• No monopolies
What this is NOT:• No monopolies
• No guilt trips
What this is NOT:• No monopolies
• No guilt trips
• No all-inclusive poverty lectures
Main Goals:• Change our “Glasses”
(Perception)
Father.
Jacob Väth• 1822 – 1899
• Rope maker, farmer
• Immigrated from Germany to Indiana
Harriet Tubman• 1820 – 1913
• Born into slavery
• Escaped and became and abolitionist
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Tubman
Main Goals:• Change our “Glasses”
(Perception)
• See our similarities
So What?
Why did Jesus come to Earth?Isaiah 61:1-2Matthew 11:4-6Luke 4:17
Daniel Patrick Moynihan• Assistant labor secretary in
the Johnson administration
• Introduced the idea of a “culture of poverty” to the public in a 1965 report.
Oscar Lewis• American anthropologist,
• Studying the urban poor in Mexico and Puerto Rico.
• Coined “The Culture of Poverty”
Reconsidering Culture & Poverty: A Congressional Briefing• May 13, 2010.
• “We ought to care about culture if we care about poverty”
• The breakdown of the family
Poverty Defined…
When a person or group of people lack human needs because they cannot afford them. Human needs include clean water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing, and shelter. (CDC, 2014)The extent to which an individual does without resources (Dr. Ruby Payne)Households or individuals who do not have enough resources or abilities today to meet their needs. (The World Bank, 2014)Extreme poverty is set to the possession of less than 1$ a day.Absolute poverty measures poverty in relation to the amount of money necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter.Relative poverty defines poverty in relation to the economic status of other members of the society: people are poor if they fall below prevailing standards of living in a given societal context. An important criticism of both concepts is that they are largely concerned with income and consumption.Other social aspects such as housing poor, health poor or time poor, etc.
Resources?
FinancialEmotionalMentalSpiritualPhysicalSupport SystemsRelationships/Role ModelsKnowledge of “Hidden Rules”
Types of Poverty
Third-WorldWorking PoorUrban PoorRural PoorHomelessSituationalRelativeChronic or generational (2 gen. or more)
Types of Poverty
Situational Poverty (“7 D’s”)DeathDiseaseDebtDisastersDivorceDownsizedDisabled
Types of Poverty
Situational PovertyOften individuals in situational poverty bring more resources with them to the situation than those who come from generational poverty.
Types of Poverty
Generational PovertyLess resourcesRequires much more investment and relationship
Examples of Hidden Rules
Poverty Middle Class Wealth
Money To be spent To be managed Conserved, invested
Time Present Future Traditions & History
Food Quantity Quality Presentation
Transportation
Walk, public transportation
Personal vehicles
Airplanes, chauffeurs
5 Facts About Hidden Rules
Each group has their own “rules” and assumes that everyone else knows them.An individual brings with him hidden rules from the class in which he was raised.Hidden rules of the middle class are used at school and work.The key to teaching hidden rules is through significant relationships.
Mental Models of Poverty
They determine our world viewThey are often subconsciousThey determine how we actThey can help or interfere with learning
Mental Models of Poverty
Transportation
Agency Time
Entertainment
Children
Food
Housing
IllnessJobs & Money
Crime & Safety
Family & Friends
EligibilityRelationships
Mental Models of Middle-Class
Clubs & Civic
Groups
Education
Vacations
Children
Retirement
Housing & Assets
PreventionCareers
Hobbies &
Interests
Family & Friends
CarsAchievement
Mental Models of Wealth
Charitable Activities
Advisors
Travel
Oversight of
Corporate Property
Retirement
Lawyers & Accountant
s
Board of DirectorsCareers
Media & Political
Links
Event Sponsorshi
p
Private Clubs,
Associations Connections
The “If They Would Just…” Trap
Smoking (“If they can afford a cigarette…”)
Babies (“If she would just stop having babies…”)
Tardiness (“If she just got to work on time…”)
Abusive Relationships (“If she would just leave him…”)
Unemployment (“If he would just get a job…”)
Crime (“If she would just obey the law…”)
Free Stuff (“If he would just take advantage of all the free stuff…”)
Use of the ER (“If they would just go to their family doctor…”)
Causes
RacismEducationMonetary povertyNeighborhood/GeographyMental IllnessSubstance abuseLazinessUnemploymentComplex Health problems/DisabilityPublic policyDivorce/Single-parent familyPTSD/War ResponseAbuseCrime/Corruption
Scarcity
Scarcity
Scarcity: Having “not enough” of something (time, money, relationships)
Scarcity Captures the Mind
The feeling of scarcity is distinctly different from the reality of scarcity
Scarcity reduces cognitive bandwidth
Scarcity reduces slack
Scarcity requires “tradeoffs”
ReliefRelief: Urgent and temporary provision of emergency aid to reduce immediate suffering
Relief
Rehabilitation
Relief: Urgent and temporary provision of emergency aid to reduce immediate suffering
Rehabilitation: Restoration of elements of pre-crisis condition
Relief
Rehabilitation
Development
Relief: Urgent and temporary provision of emergency aid to reduce immediate suffering
Rehabilitation: Restoration of elements of pre-crisis condition
Development: The movement of the helpers and the helped into a right relationship with God, self, others, and the rest of creation
Relief
DevelopmentRehabilitation
Relief
Rehabilitation
Development
Self-Actualization: achieving
one’s full potential, including creative
activitiesEsteem Needs:
prestige and feeling of accomplishment
Belongingness and Love Needs:intimate relationships, friends
Safety Needs:security, safety
Physiological Needs:food, water, warmth, rest
Self-Fulfillment
Psychological Needs
Basics Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Self-Actualization: achieving
one’s full potential, including creative
activitiesEsteem Needs:
prestige and feeling of accomplishment
Belongingness and Love Needs:intimate relationships, friends
Safety Needs:security, safety
Physiological Needs:food, water, warmth, rest
Self-Fulfillment
Psychological Needs
Basics Needs
Relief
DevelopmentRehabilitation
Relief
Rehabilitation
Development
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Drag picture to placeholder or click icon to add
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Relief, Rehabilitation, or Development?
Resources on PovertyCorbett, S., & Fikkert, B. (2012). When helping hurts: How to alleviate poverty without hurting the poor and yourself. (Expanded Edition). Chicago: Moody Publishers.Hazen, M. (2012). Addressing the needs of the poor: A church mobilization guide. http://www.benevolence-support-services.com/Book/ANP_Frame.htmHilfiker, D. (1994). Not all of us are saints. New York: Ballantine Books.Hilfiker, D. (2002). Urban injustice: How ghettos happen. New York: Seven Stories Press.Holy Bible: New International Version. (2011). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan.Lupton, R. (2011). Toxic charity: How churches and charities hurt those they help (And how to reverse it). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.Payne, R. (2005). A framework for understanding poverty. Highlands: aha! Process, Inc.Tirado, L. (2013). This Is Why Poor People's Bad Decisions Make Perfect Sense. http://killermartinis.kinja.com/why-i-make-terrible-decisions-or-poverty-thoughts-1450123558. Accessed: November 23, 2013.Evans, R. (2013). What Dave Ramsey gets wrong about poverty. http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2013/11/30/what-dave-ramsey-gets-wrong-about-poverty/. Accessed: November 23, 2013.Corley, T. 20 things the rich do every day. http://www.daveramsey.com/blog/20-things-the-rich-do-every-day#commentsWrapper. Accessed: November 23, 2013.Rovner, Julie. Medicaid Expansion Boosted Emergency Room Visits in Oregon. http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/02/259128081/medicaid-expansion-boosted-emergency-room-visits-in-oregon.A. Mani, S. Mullainathan, E. Shafir, J. Zhao. Poverty Impedes Cognitive Function. Science, 2013; 341 (6149): 976 DOI: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/341/6149/976.Mullainathan, S., Shafir, E. (2013). Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much. New York: Times Books.Gorski, P. (2008). The Myth of the Culture of Poverty. Poverty and Learning (April 2008, Volume 65, Number 7). http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/apr08/vol65/num07/The-Myth-of-the-Culture-of-Poverty.aspx Cohen, P. (2010). Culture of Poverty Makes a Comeback. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/18/us/18poverty.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0Reconsidering Culture & Poverty: A Congressional Briefing. (2010). http://www.aapss.org/news/2010/06/18/reconsidering-culture-and-poverty-a-congressional-briefingMarriage: America’s greatest weapon against childhood poverty. http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2010/09/marriage-america-s-greatest-weapon-against-child-poverty.
http://www.considerthepoor.org/
Key Scriptures Regarding Poverty:Serving the poor equates to serving the Lord
Matthew 25:31-46Serving the poor shows our love
1 John 3:17Serving the poor is pure religion
James 1:27Those who serve the poor will be rewarded
Isaiah 58:6-12Preaching Good News to the poor was Jesus’ mission on earth
Isaiah 61:1-2Matthew 11:4-6
Luke 4:17Luke 7:21-23
Jesus served the poorLuke 18:35-43
Serving the underserved was a commandment from God in the Old Law
Isaiah 1:17Exodus 23:10-13
Deuteronomy 15:4-5Deuteronomy 14:28-29
Leviticus 19:9-10Leviticus 25:35-38
