THE ISLAMIZATIONFOR MINDANAO AND

SULU

A ONE HOUR TRAVEL TO THE MUSLIM’S WORLD

The history of the Philippine Muslims is part of  the

backbone of the historical development of the whole

country. Filipino historians like Dr. Renato Constantino

asserted that no Philippine history can be complete

without a study of Muslim development (1990:29).

The rise of Islamic political institutions in Southeast

Asia in the early 15th century is viewed as

the culmination of Islamization after about

200 years when the Arabs   introduced Islam direct

to the masses.

WHEN IT STARTED

The full Islamization of the west coast of Mindanao was

accelerated with the arrival of Muhammad Sharif

Kabungsuwan. It was not long after his arrival

that Sharif kabungsuwan established the Sultanate of

Maguindanao, possibly in 1516.

       The spread of Islam to Mindanao between 1450 and 1500 was part of the political

goal of the Sulu sultanate.        Sulu was the first Muslim

community in the south to establish a centralized

government, the Sultanate of Sulu in 1450.

       The main concentration of the Philippine Muslim

population is confined largely to the western side of

Mindanao down to the Sulu Archipelago. In mainland

Mindanao, the Muslims are dominant only in Lanao and

Maguindanao provinces.

The rest of the Muslim populations are scattered in

nearby provinces such as Zamboanga peninsula, North

Cotabato, Sultan Qudarat, South Cotabato, Davao

Oriental, Davao del Sur and Sarangani island. In the Sulu Archipelago, the Muslims are all dominant in three island

provinces of Basilan, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi.

The Muslims in the south are also culturally

linked to Muslim countries in Southeast Asia such as Indonesia,

Malaysia, Brunei and the Patani of southern Thailand. They are

composed of eleven ethnic groups.

The MuslimEthnic Groups

 -The Maranao are concentrated in Lanao area. -During the colonial period, they fought against

the Spaniards, usually under the flag of the Maguindanao sultanate

-the Maranao are brave and have offered sacrifice in defense of their homeland and Islam

- Lanao is a land rich in literature. Darangan is an example of this. The existence of darangan

attests to the level of civilization that the Maranao have achieved at one point.

The Maranao

-Maguindanaon is the name of the family or dynasty which came to rule almost the whole island of Mindanao, particularly the former

Cotabato. It later refers to the Muslim people who live in the Pulangi valley which sprawls the

Southwestern part of Mindanao.       -The Cotabato had been the seat of the

Maguindanao sultanate. was able to organize the first Filipino settlement in 1912.

-Their political power diminished after long period of fighting and resisting colonialism and Christianization, particularly at the beginning of

the 20th century.

The Maguindanao

-They claimed to be the origin of Lanao del sur and Maguindanao these two ethnic

groups -they formed part of the Maguindanao

sultanate. -They fought the western invaders under

the flag of the Maguindanao sultanate. -They used to ply the route connecting the

Sulu sea, Moro gulf to Celebes sea, and raided  the Spanish held territories along

the way.

The Iranun

-Prof. Muhammad Nasser Matli argued that the term Tausug is a

slang word and originated from two words: tau (people) and ma-isug

(brave). Therefore, Tausug means brave people.

-As soon as they became Muslims they made themselves models by

infusing Islamic values and politics to the government.

The Tausug

Seeing the beauty of Muslim leadership, the entire natives

finally accepted Islam. The peaceful triumph of Islam in Sulu in the middle of the 13th century led to the Islamization of local

politics. This was the origin of the growth

of Tausug communities in Tawi-Tawi, Palawan, Basilan,

Zamboanga, and Sabah.

-The term Yakan is a mispronunciation of the word yakal by the Spaniards.

-During colonial period the Spaniards branded the inhabitants of Basilan as Yakan, and became carried up to the

present.  -Basilan has been the target of Christian

penetration since the Spanish era because of her rich resources like timber and fertile

agricultural land.- The challenge of the Yakans today is to

steer their young generation to assert their rights and develop confidence in their both

material and non-material culture.

The Yakan

-The Sama identity derived from the term sama-sama which means togetherness or

collective effort. -The Sama people are highly dispersed and scattered in the Sulu Archipelago.

-They have not able to develop a political institution that can advance their

collective interest of their society. - Their social organization do not approach

even the level of a clan, in a sense, because they have no recognized

community leader.

The Sama

The  Sangil came from Sangihe, an archipelago sprawling the Celebes

sea just south of the Mindanao sea. They embraced Islam later as a result of their continuous contact

with their motherland, which became Islamized, as well as with

the emerging Muslim communities in Maguindanao and Sulu in the

14th century.

The Sangil

-The Kaagan inhabited mostly Davao areas.

-They became Muslims as a result of contact with the Maguindanao sultanate, and later strengthened with the arrival of some Tausug

groups who helped to organize the Kaagan society.

The Kaagan

-The Muslim concentration is mostly in the southern part of

Palawan such as Batarasa, Rizal,

Quezon, Brooke’s Point and Espanola.

The Palawan

-They received Islamic influence and later embraced

Islam from Brunei Muslim missionaries.

-The propagation of Islam was active during the 15th century

when Muslim principalities rose from the eastern side of

the Malay peninsula and Borneo.

The Molbog

-They received Islamic influence and later embraced

Islam from Brunei Muslim missionaries.

-The propagation of Islam was active during the 15th century

when Muslim principalities rose from the eastern side of

the Malay peninsula and Borneo.

The Molbog

The Holy City of MECCA

Mecca  pronounced also transliterated as Makkah, is a city in the Hejaz and the capital of Makkah Province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located 70 km (43 mi) inland from 

Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of 277 m (909 ft) above sea level. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during Hajj period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhu

al-Hijjah.

As the birthplace of Muhammad and a site of the 

Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (the site in specificity

being a cave 3.2 km from Mecca),

Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam[6] and a pilgrimage to it

known as the Hajj is obligatory for all ableMuslims. Mecca is

home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site,

as well as being the center of the Islamic universe.

Mecca was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the 

sharifs, acting either as independent rulers or as vassals

to larger polities. It was absorbed into Saudi Arabia in

1925.

In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in

size and infrastructure, home to structures such as theAbraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal

Clock Tower Hotel, the world's second tallest building and the

building with the largest amount of floor area. Due to this

expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and

archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca

annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of

the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim

world, arguably the whole world over, despite the fact that non-

Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.

In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in

size and infrastructure, home to structures such as theAbraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal

Clock Tower Hotel, the world's second tallest building and the

building with the largest amount of floor area. Due to this

expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and

archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress.[7] Today, more than

15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of

the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world,[9] arguably the whole world over, despite the fact that non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the

city.

In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in

size and infrastructure, home to structures such as theAbraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal

Clock Tower Hotel, the world's second tallest building and the

building with the largest amount of floor area. Due to this

expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and

archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress.[7] Today, more than

15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of

the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world,[9] arguably the whole world over, despite the fact that non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the

city.

In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in

size and infrastructure, home to structures such as theAbraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal

Clock Tower Hotel, the world's second tallest building and the

building with the largest amount of floor area. Due to this

expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and

archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress.[7] Today, more than

15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of

the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world,[9] arguably the whole world over, despite the fact that non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the

city.

Islamic Calendar

The Islamic calendar, Muslim calendar or Hijri calendar (AH) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 

months in a year of 354 or 355 days.It is used to date events in many Muslim countries

 (concurrently with the Gregorian calendar), and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper days

on which to observe the annual fast (see Ramadan), to attend Hajj, and to celebrate other Islamic holidays

 and festivals.The first year was the Islamic year beginning in AD

622 during which the emigration of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina,

known as the Hijra, occurred. Each numbered year is designated either H for Hijra or AH for the Latin anno Hegirae (in the year of the Hijra),[3] hence,

Muslims typically call their calendar the Hijri calendar.The current Islamic year is 1434 AH. In the Gregorian

calendar 1434 AH runs from approximately 14 November 2012 (evening) to 4 November 2013

(evening).

Four of the twelve Hijri months are considered sacred, although there is disagreement over the designated months, such as between proponents for the sequences {7,11,12,1} vs. {12,1,2,3}.[4] The twelve Hijri months are named as follows in Arabic:

Muḥarram — م Pالمحّر, "forbidden" — so called because battle was set aside (haram) during this month. Muharram includes the Day of Ashura.Ṣafar — صفّر, "void" — supposedly named because pagan Arabs looted during this month and left the houses empty.Rabīʿ I (Rabīʿ al-Awwal) —  األّوPل ."the first spring" ,ربيعRabīʿ II (Rabīʿ ath-Thānī or Rabīʿ al-Ākhir) —  ربيع or الثاني اآلخّر ."the second (or last) spring" ,ربيعJumādā I (Jumādā al-Ūlā) —  األّولى the first" ,جمادىmonth of parched land". Often considered the pre-Islamic "summer".

Jumādā II (Jumādā ath-Thāniya or Jumādā al-Ākhira) —  الثانية  or جمادى اآلخّرة the second" ,جمادى(or last) month of parched land".Rajab — رجب, "respect" or "honor". This is another sacred month in which fighting was traditionally forbidden.Shaʿbān — شعبان, "scattered", marking the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water.Ramaḍān — رمضان, "scorched". Ramadan is the most venerated month of the Hijri calendar during which Muslims have to fast from dawn till sunset and honoring the poor people with something a brother or a sister needs within his or her society.Shawwāl — الPشّو, "raised", as she-camels normally would be in calf at this time of year.Dhū al-Qaʿda —  القعدة the one of truce". Dhu" ,ذّوal-Qa'da was another month during which war was banned.

12 Strange Muslim Rules 1. It is a sin to pluck your eyebrows.

2. It is against Islamic doctrine to have pictures in your home.

3. If a Muslim wife refuses to wear a veil, others will see her as her husband's slave rather than his wife.

4. The punishment for having unmarried sex is whipping with a hundred lashes and then being exiled for a year.

5. Getting into Paradise is usually not a sure thing. Your good deeds must outweigh your bad deeds, but who knows for sure if they do? But there are three things you can do to guarantee you'll make it to Paradise: a) killing a non-Muslim in battle, b) if two of your children were killed fighting for Allah, or c) memorizing the ninety-nine names of Allah.

6. Allah not just allows, but encourages Muslims to deceive non-Muslims if it will further the goals of spreading Islam.

7. Women are not allowed to wear hair extensions or a wig.

8. Wearing the color yellow is forbidden.

9. A Muslim must avoid yawning. Mohammad said, "Yawning is from Satan."

10. Dogs should be killed. All dogs.

11. Mohammad recommended women breastfeed young men. Then the men are considered family and would be allowed to talk to the woman unveiled. However, once she breastfed him, he would not be allowed to marry her.

12. It is a sin to lie on your back and cross your feet.

THAT’S ALL AND THANK YOU!

(That’s All and Thank You!)

GROUP MEMBERS:

DOROTHY D. CALUBAYAN DAIREEN VILLAMAYOR

SU JAN CHOI JASMINE PERAS

MERJAN PASAMBA MICHELLE SALIDO

MARC ART MERRIL MANCENIDO ROSELYN GAPASANGRA

ARLEN BAMBA