HISTORY OF INDIAN CRICKET

TRIBUTE GOES TOG.ADITHYA

BHADRACHALAMPUBLIC SCHOOL

First match of Indian cricket team • England, in their first representative match in this country with India,

gained a fine victory shortly after four o'clock on the third afternoon by 158 runs. Before that result had been achieved, however, the home side, particularly on the first day, experienced some anxious moments. Actually, on the Saturday, they cut a very poor figure. Indeed, the manner in which they began called to mind the all too frequent failures in recent years of England at the beginning of a match against Australia.

• On paper, England looked to be particularly strong in batting. The dropping-out from international cricket of Hobbs had placed the selectors in something of a quandary as to whom to pick as opening batsman with Sutcliffe. Recourse was therefore had to Percy Holmes, Sutcliffe's regular partner for Yorkshire. This on the face of it seemed something of a retrograde movement seeing that it was 11 years since Holmes had been called upon for England. As it turned out, the experiment failed completely. England began in such disastrous fashion that in twenty minutes they lost their first three men for 19 runs and were all disposed of in another four hours for a total of 25

IMAGES OF FIRST MATCH OF INDIAN TEAM

ICCThe ICC cricket world cup is the international championship of one day international (ODI) cricket. The event is organised by the sport's governing body, the international cricket council (ICC), with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament held every four years. The tournament is one of the world's most viewed sporting events and is considered the "flagship event of the international cricket calendar" by the ICC.[1]

The first world cup was organised in england in june 1975, with the first ODI cricket match having been played only four years prior. However, a separate women's cricket world cup had been held two years before the first men's tournament, and a tournament involving multiple international teams had been held as early as 1912, when a triangular tournament of test matches was played between australia, england and south africa. Each of the first three world cups were held in england. From the 1987 tournamentonwards, hosting has been shared between countries under an unofficial rotation system, with fourteen ICC members having hosted at least one match in the tournament.

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IPLThe Indian Premier League (IPL) is a Twenty20 cricket tournament where different franchise teams compete for the Indian Premier League title. The tournament started in 2008 and takes place every year usually during the months of April–June. The most recent edition was the IPL-7 held in 2014. It is currently supervised by BCCI Vice-President Ranjib Biswal, who serves as the League's chairman and Commissioner.[1] Sundar Raman has been the IPL chief operating officer (COO) since its first season, after he was appointed by the former IPL Commissioner Lalit Modi in 2008.[2]

The IPL is the most-watched Twenty20 cricket league in the world and is also known for its commercial success. During the seventh IPL season (2014), the Indian Premier League's brand value was estimated to be around US$3.2 billion. [3]

It is currently sponsored by Pepsi and thus officially known as the Pepsi Indian Premier League.[4]

The Indian Super League had the highest average attendance of all sports leagues in India in 2014. The Indian Premier Leaguecame in second place.

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An Indian cricket team toured England in the 1932 season under the title of the "All-India" team. This was the second tour of England by an Indian team, following the first in 1911. One Test match was played at Lord's Cricket Ground. This was the first Test match ever played by India. England won by 158 runs after scoring 259 and 275-8 declared while India was bowled out for 189 and 187.The Indians played 36 matches in all, including 26 first-class fixtures. The team won 9 first-class matches, drew 9 and lost 8. Captained by the Maharaja of Porbandar, the team's outstanding batsman was the right-handed CK Nayudu, who played in all the first-class matches, scoring 1,618 runs at an average of 40.45. In the 1933 Wisden, he was selected as one of the fiveCricketers of the Year. The team also had a fine pair of opening bowlers in Amar Singh (111 wickets in first-class matches at 20.37) and Mohammad Nissar (71 wickets at 18.09).

IMPORTANCE OF MATCH PLAYED BY IN TEAM IN 1932

The blade of a cricket bat is a wooden block that is generally flat on the striking face and with a ridge on the reverse (back) which concentrates wood in the middle where the ball is generally hit. The bat is traditionally made from willow wood, specifically from a variety of White Willow called Cricket Bat Willow (Salix alba var. caerulea), treated with raw (unboiled) linseed oil, which has a protective function. This variety of willow is used as it is very tough and shock-resistant, not being significantly dented nor splintering on the impact of a cricket ball at high speed, while also being light in weight. The face of the bat is often covered with a protective film by the user.The blade is connected to a long cylindrical cane handle, similar to that of a mid 20th century tennis racquet, by means of a splice. The handle is usually covered with a rubber grip. Bats incorporate a wooden spring design where the handle meets the blade. The current design of a cane handle spliced into a willow blade through a tapered splice was the invention in the 1880s of Charles Richardson, a pupil of Brunel and the first chief engineer of the Severn railway tunnel.[1][2] Spliced handles had been used before this but tended to break at the corner of the join. The taper provides a more gradual transfer of load from the bat's blade to the handle and avoids this problem.

CRICKET BATS

CRICKET BATS

History of cricket bats

A cricket ball is a hard, solid ball used to play cricket. A cricket ball consists of cork covered by leather, and manufacture is regulated by cricket law at first class level. The manipulation of a cricket ball, through employment of its various physical properties, is the staple component of bowling and dismissing batsmen – movement in the air, and off the ground, is influenced by the condition of the ball, the efforts of the bowler and the pitch while working on the cricket ball to obtain an optimum condition is a key role of the fielding side. The cricket ball is the principal manner through which the batsman scores runs, by manipulating the ball into a position where it would be safe to take a run, or by directing the ball through the boundary. In Test cricket, professional domestic games that spread over a multitude of days, and almost the entirety of amateur cricket, the traditional red cricket ball is used. In many one day cricket matches, a white ball is used instead in order to remain visible under floodlights, and since 2010, pink has been introduced to contrast with players' white clothing.[1] Training balls of white, red and pink are also common, and windballs and tennis balls in a cricket motif can be used for training or informal cricket matches. During cricket matches, the quality of the ball changes to a point where it is no longer usable, and during this decline its properties alter and thus influence the match. Altering the state of the cricket ball outside the permitted manners designated in the rules of cricket is prohibited during a match, and 'ball tampering' has resulted in numerous controversies.

CRICKET BALLS

CRICKET BALL

Cricket ball of olden days

Inside structure of cricket ball

The stumps are three vertical posts which support two bails.[1] The stumps and bails are usually made of wood, and together form a wicket at each end of the pitch.The overall width of each wicket is 9 inches (22.9 cm). Each stump is 28 inches (71.1 cm) tall with maximum and minimum diameters of 11⁄2 inches (3.81 cm) and 13⁄8 inches (3.49 cm). They have a spike at one end for inserting into the ground, and the other end has a U-shaped 'through groove'to provide a resting place for the bails.[2] In junior cricket the items have lesser dimensions.Each stump is referred to by a specific name:Off stump[3] is the stump on the off side of the wicket (the same side as the batsman's bat).Middle (Lie) stump[4] is the centre stump, the middle of the three stumps.Leg stump[5] is the stump on the on side of the wicket (the same side as the batsman's legs).These names are relative to the batsman, so a right-handed batsman's leg stump becomes the off stump when a left-handed player is batting.In modern professional play, the stumps are often emblazoned with a sponsor's logo. Although they are too far away from spectators to be seen, such logos are visible on television coverage.

STUMPS

STUMPS

In the game of cricket, the cricket pitch consists of the central strip of the cricket field between the wickets — 1 chainor 22 yards (20.12 m) long and 10 feet (3.05 m) wide. The surface is flat and normally covered with extremely short grass though this grass is soon removed by wear at the ends of the pitch.In amateur matches in some parts of the world, artificial pitches are sometimes used. These can be a slab of concrete, overlaid with a coir mat, artificial turf, sometimes dirt is put over the coir mat to provide an authentic feeling pitch. Artificial pitches are rare in professional cricket, being used only when exhibition matches are played in regions where cricket is not a common sport.The pitch has specific markings delineating the creases, as specified by the Laws of Cricket.The word wicket often occurs in reference to the pitch. Although technically incorrect according the Laws of Cricket (Law 7 covers the pitch and Law 8 the wickets, distinguishing between them), cricket players, followers, and commentators persist in the usage, with context eliminating any possible ambiguity. Track is yet another synonym for pitch.The rectangular central area of the cricket field — the space used for pitches — is known as the square. Cricket pitches are usually oriented as close to the north-south direction as practical, because the low afternoon sun would be dangerous for a batsman facing due west.[1]

cricket pitch

CRICKET PITCH

Cricket pads first appeared in the mid 18th century in England. They were developed to protect the lower part of the legs from the hard leather ball that was used to bowl deliveries in the game. The development of pads led to a change in the Laws of Cricket with the addition of the dismissal for LBW. It was introduced in 1774 because batsmen had begun using their pads to deflect balls away from their wickets.Batting pads protect the shins, knees and the lower thigh. At the base, there is a slot for the foot. Traditional pads were made from canvas which had cotton stuffing inserted between stitched-in cane wood strips that ran vertically up to the knee roll. The material would then be painted white with water-soluble canvas paint. Leather buckles were used to bind the pad to the leg. These natural material pads were quite heavy. By contrast, modern day pads are now made from durable and ultra light synthetic materials such as PVC for the outer and polyesters for the lining. Most pads use three velcro fastening straps making them easily adjustable and removable.

CRICKET KNEE PADS

CRICKET KNEE PADS

limit to the innings length. Whereas in one day cricket & Twenty20 cricket there are a certain amount of overs per innings. The only limits in test cricket is a 5 day length. Before the game begins an official will toss a coin. The captain who guesses the correct side of the coin will then choose if they want to bat or field first. One team will then bat while the other will bowl & field. The aim of the batting team is to score runs while the aim of the fielding team is to bowl ten people out and close the batting teams' innings. Although there are eleven people in each team only ten people need to be bowled out as you cannot have one person batting alone. Batting is done in pairs.Once the first team has been bowled out the second team would then go into bat. Once the second team is then bowled out it would normally return to the first team batting again. However there is an exception to this in the cricket rules, it is called the follow-on. The follow-on is when the first team makes at least 200 rTest cricket is a game that spans over two innings. This means that one team needs to bowl the other team out twice and score more runs then them to win the match. Another key difference between test cricket and other forms of cricket is the length of the innings. In test cricket there is no uns more than the second team made (in a 5 day test match).

GAME STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE OF GROUND

How Cricket is a game played between two teams made up of eleven players each. There is also a reserve player called a "twelfth man" who is used should a player be injured during play.The twelfth man is not allowed to bowl, bat, wicket keep or captain the team. His sole duty is to act as a substiture fielder.The original player is free to return to the game as soon as they have recovered from their injury.To apply the law and make sure the cricket rules are upheld throughout the game there are two umpires in place during games. Umpires are responsible for making decisions and notifying the scorers of these decisions.Two umpires are in place on the playing field while there is also a third umpire off the field who is in charge of video decisions.This is where the call is too close for the on field umpires and they refer it to the third umpire who reviews sl motion video replays to make a decision.

OFFICAL CRICKET RULES

Helmet

In the sport of cricket, batsmen often wear a helmet to protect themselves from injury or concussion by the cricket ball, which is very hard and can be bowled to them at speeds over 90 miles per hour (140 km/h). Cricket helmets cover the whole of the skull, and have a grill orperspex visor to protect the face. Often constructed with a carbon fibre and Kevlar shell, the helmet is designed to deflect cricket balls as well as shield the wearer from impact, and its liner includes an inflatable element to tightly fit the helmet to its wearer's head.[1]

are compulsoFielders who are positioned very close to the batsman (e.g. silly point or short leg) often wear a helmet and shin guards. Nowadays it is almost unheard of for a professional cricketer to face a fast bowler without a helmet. Some batsmen prefer not to wear a helmet when facing spin bowling. In under-18 cricket they ry for all batsmen and any fielder within 15 yards (14 m) of the bat.

Helmet

FAMOUS CRICKET PLAYERS:

VIRAT KHOLI

SURESH RAINA

DHONI

ASHWIN

SACHIN

DHAWAN

THE END