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UNIT 1:

FITNESS

Fitness?

WHAT I TALK ABOUT WHEN I TALK ABOUT….

FITNESS

A KIND OF DEFINITION

• You hear the words ‘fit’ or ‘fitness’ used almost every day in conversation, on television, on the radio, in newspapers, on the net or in magazines, yet probably you are not quite sure of:

– The actual meanings of the words

– How to get fit

– If you should bother getting fit

Does ‘fit’ or ‘fitness’ mean just one thing?

What is Fitness?

• Physical Fitness is the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively. It consists of Health Related Fitness and Skill Related Fitness, which have different components, each of which contributes to total quality of life.

What is physical fitness?

• Physical fitness is a general state of health and well-being or specifically the ability to perform aspects of sports or occupations. Physical fitness is generally achieved through correct nutrition, exercise, hygiene and rest. It is a set of attributes or characteristics that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity.

Classical fitness

• In the past we used to divide Fitness at schools into four motor skills:

– Endurance

– Flexibility

– Strength

– Speed

Up-to-date classification

• Nowadays we divide fitness in two groups of skills:

– HEALTH RELATED FITNESS

– SKILL RELATED FITNESS

HEALTH RELATED FITNESS

• Health-related physical fitness is defined as fitness related to some aspect of health. This type of physical fitness is primarily influenced by individual’s exercise habits; in this way, it is a dynamic state and may change.

• Physical characteristics that constitute health-related physical fitness include strength and endurance of skeletal muscles, joint flexibility, body composition, and cardiorespiratoryendurance.

• All these attributes change in response to proper physical conditioning programs, and all are related to health.

Health Related Fitness

• Body Composition

• Aerobic Endurance

• Flexibility

• Muscular Strength

• Muscular Endurance

How can we get an appropriate level of Health Related Fitness

• In other activities as nutrition, we are recommended several habits that are useful to be healthier.

• In the case of fitness we suggest a pyramid of habits as well….

Physical Activity Pyramid

Components of fitness : 1.-Body Composition

• It is the percentage of our body weight.

• In fitness, body composition is used to describe the percentages of:

– Fat

– Bone

– Water

– Muscle

Components of fitness:2.- Muscular and endurance strength

• Muscular strength is our ability to lift heavy weights

• Muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle to keep working against a resistance.

Muscular strength

Muscular endurance

Components of fitness: 3.- Endurance

• Endurance or cardiovacular fitness is our circulatory and respiratory systems working effectively together.

Endurance

Components of fitness: 4.- Flexibility

• Flexibility is our ability to have good range of movement in our joints

Flexibility

Skill-related fitness

• The components of skill-related fitness include:

• Speed

• Agility

• Balance

• Coordination

• Reaction Time

Skill-related fitness

•Agility

•Agility refers to the ability to change your entire body position in space rapidly with accuracy and speed

•Balance

•Balance is your ability to maintain equilibrium, or control your body's position in space. This component can further be broken down into static balance, which is maintaining equilibrium while not moving, and dynamic balance, which is maintaining control of the body while moving. Balance is important in sports such as dance, gymnastics, ice hockey, …

•Coordination

•Coordination is a skill that recruits the senses such as sight and hearing in conjunction with body parts to perform tasks accurately and with efficiency of movement. Juggling, hitting a baseball with a bat and dribbling a basketball are all coordination skills.

•Power

•A combination of strength and speed, power is the ability to exert maximum force in a quick, explosive burst. Power is a function of the amount of work performed per unit of time.

•The shot put, a tennis serve, a sprint start, all exhibit power.

•Speed and Reaction Time

•Speed is the ability to perform a movement in a short period of time. Reaction time is a subcomponent of speed and refers to the time it takes for the neuromuscular system to produce movement from stimulus to reaction

•. Speed and reaction times are thought to be greatly influenced by genetics.