1. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. RDBMS ORDBMS Oracle SQL: SQL. SQL? SQL: DQL, DML, DDL, DCL, TCL

2. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. - - , 3. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. 4. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. .. 1970 . A Relation Model of Data for Large Shared Databanks,June 1970 (RDBMS). : ; ; ( ). 5. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. 70- System R IBM INGRES University of California 80-e Oracle RSI(Oracle) DB2 IBM 6. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. 80- dBase Ashton Tate Paradox Ansa Software R:BASE Microrim 90- - Oracle8i Oracle Microsoft SQL Server 7 Microsoft 7. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. . Oracle EMPLOYEES DEPARTMENTS 8. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. , Oracle 9. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. ER- : : . . . . . . . . . . . . - (ER-) #* * o #* * o 10. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. ER- (UID) # UID (#) UID #* * o #* * o * o 11. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. (PK). (FK). EMPLOYEES DEPARTMENTS 12. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 6 5 13. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. : (SQL) 14. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. RDBMS SQL SQL. Oracle. Oracle SELECT department_name FROM departments; 15. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL 1974 SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language) , SQL (Structured Query Language) 1976-77 SEQUEL/2 SQL 1979 Relation Software Inc. RDBMS Oracle V2 1981 IBM RDBMS DB2 16. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL 1986 SQL-86 SQL-87 , ANSI ISO 1987 . 1989 SQL-89 SQL1, FIPS127-1 . 1992 SQL-92 SQL2, FIPS 127-2 (ISO 9075); Entry Level SQL-92 FIPS 127-2. 1999 SQL:1999 SQL3 , , , , - . 2003 SQL:2003 XML-, ( OLAP- ), . 2006 SQL:2006 XML- . SQL XQuery. 2008 SQL:2008 , SQL:2003 17. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Oracle 18. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL SELECT INSERT UPDATE DELETE MERGE CREATE ALTER DROP RENAME TRUNCATE COMMENT GRANT REVOKE COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT (Data manipulation language, DML) (Data definition language, DDL) (Data control language, DCL) 19. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. The Human Resources (HR) Schema DEPARTMENTS department_id department_name manager_id location_id LOCATIONS location_id street_address postal_code city state_province country_id COUNTRIES country_id country_name region_id REGIONS region_id region_name EMPLOYEES employee_id first_name last_name email phone_number hire_date job_id salary commission_pct manager_id department_id JOBS job_id job_title min_salary max_salary JOB_HISTORY employee_id start_date end_date job_id department_id 20. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Tables Used in the Webinar EMPLOYEES DEPARTMENTS JOB_GRADES 21. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. Development Environments for SQL There are two development environments for this course: Primary tool is Oracle SQL Developer SQL*Plus command line interface may also be used SQL Developer SQL *Plus 22. Copyright 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved. , . Oracle SQL PL/SQL- . SQL