Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Pedro MoneoPublisher, MIT Technology Review españolCEO & Founder, Opinno
A BRIEF HISTORY
SINCE2001
For 10 years, MIT Technology Review has created a list of the 10 most important technological milestones reached each year. To compile the list, the editors select the technologies we believe will have the greatest impact on the shape of innovation in years to come.
How do we select the winners?
TRACKRECORD
Over the years, we’ve identified many technologies that have flourished and become part of our everyday lives.
We’ve also picked some technologies that have not fared as well – that, because of market or other forces, have been delayed or forgotten.
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
MicrofluidicsStephen Quake2001
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Personal GenomicsDavid Cox2004
Seems to be taking far longer than anyone thought.
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
Data MiningUsama Fayyad2001
TRACK RECORD
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Nanocharging SolarArthur Nozik2007
Doesn’t seem to have made much progress.
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
Distributed StorageHari Balakrishnan2004
TRACK RECORD
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Social TVMarie-José Montpetit2010
We’re still waiting.
TRACK RECORD
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
Stretchable SiliconJohn Rogers2006
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Grid ComputingIan Foster & Carl Kesselman2003
Distributed grid computinghas not seen the expansion predicted.
TRACK RECORD
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
Modeling SurpriseEric Horvitz2008
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Universal Memory2005
We’ve not yet seenultradense data storagefrom nanotubes.
TRACK RECORD
TRACK RECORD
PROVEN SUCCESS
Intelligent Software Assistant (Siri)Adam Cheyer2009
HAS NOT (YET) PROVEN OUT
Green ConcreteNikolaos Vlasopoulos2010
A commercial method of reducing cement’s carbon footprint has not been perfected.
TRACK RECORD
Jason Pontin
@Jason_Pontineditor in chief & publisher
facebook.com/Jason.Pontin
MIT Technology Reviewtechnologyreview.com
@techreview
facebook.com/technologyreview
2013
DEEP LEARNING
The Problem:
How can massive amounts of data be efficiently processed so computers can recognize objects and translate speech in real time?
DEEP LEARNING
The Solution:
Ray Kurzweil, Google
A method of artificial intelligence that could be generalizable to many kinds of applications.
DEEP LEARNING
Why It Matters:
Computers would assist humans far more effectively if they could reliably recognize patterns and make inferences about the world.
ULTRA-EFFICIENT SOLAR POWER
The Problem:
A variety of fixed costs cause solar panels to lose value as efficiency declines.
ULTRA-EFFICIENT SOLARPOWER
The Solution:
Harry Atwater,Caltech
Managing light to harness more of sunlight’s energy.
ULTRA-EFFICIENT SOLAR POWERWhy It Matters:
Higher efficiency would make solar power more competitive with fossil fuels.
BIG DATA FROM CHEAP PHONES
The Problem:
How can data mined from even the most basic cell phones help us understand how people move about and behave?
BIG DATA FROM CHEAP PHONES
The Solution:
Caroline Buckee,Harvard University
Creating disease–fighting tools with cell-phone mobility data.
BIG DATA FROM CHEAP PHONESWhy It Matters:
Poor countries lack data-gathering infrastructure; phone data can provide it.
TEMPORARY SOCIAL MEDIA
The Problem:
Online communications can last forever, raising privacy issues and hindering spontaneity.
TEMPORARY SOCIAL MEDIAThe Solution:
Snapchat
A social-media service that replicates the unrecorded nature of ordinary conversation.
TEMPORARY SOCIAL MEDIAWhy It Matters
Messages that quickly self-destruct could enhance the privacy of online communication and make people feel freer to be spontaneous.
SMART WATCHES
The Problem:
We need a socially non-intrusive way to interact with the Web (not Google Glass).
SMART WATCHES
The Solution:
Pebble
Watches that pull selected data from mobile phones so their wearers can absorb information with a mere glance.
SMART WATCHES
Why It Matters:
Even as computing gets more sophisticated, people want simple and easy-to-use interfaces.
MEMORY IMPLANTS
The Problem:
Aging and brain damage can cost people the ability to form long-term memories.
MEMORY IMPLANTS
The Solution:
Theodore Berger,USC
Animal experiments show it is possible to correct for memory problems with implanted electrodes.
MEMORY IMPLANTS
Why It Matters:
If the code by which the brain forms long-term memories can be deciphered, there is hope for people whose brains have suffered damage from age, Alzheimer’s, stroke, or injury.
ROBOTIC MANUFACTURING
The Problem:
Conventional industrial robots are dangerous, expensive to program, and incapable of handling even small deviations in their environment.
ROBOTIC MANUFACTURING
The Solution:
BaxterRethink Robotics
Robots like Baxter could bring automation to small-scale manufacturing, helping companies compete with low-cost human labor.
ROBOTIC MANUFACTURINGWhy It Matters:
Smarter, safer new industrial robots could bring automation to new areas of manual work and help many U.S. manufacturers regain a competitive edge.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
The Problem:
Production of complex parts is expensive and time-consuming.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
The Solution:
GE Aviation
GE will use 3-D printing to produce a key metal part for its new jet engines.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURINGWhy It Matters:
Because it can potentially make complex parts less expensive to produce, additive manufacturing could revitalize many advanced manufacturing sectors.
PRENATAL DNA SEQUENCING
The Problem:
Current methods of screening for disease in unborn children are invasive and can be painful and dangerous.
PRENATAL DNA SEQUENCINGThe Solution:
Illumina
Sequencing the DNA of a fetus from a pregnant woman’s blood.
PRENATAL DNA SEQUENCINGWhy It Matters:
Tomorrow’s children could be born with a complete list of their genetic strengths and weaknesses.
SUPERGRIDS
The Problem:
High-voltage DC could previously be used only for point-to-point transmission, not to form the integrated grid networks needed for a stable electricity system.
SUPERGRIDS
The Solution:
ABB
Practical high-voltage direct-current circuit breakers.
SUPERGRIDS
Why It Matters
DC grids could be far more efficient and make it possible to link widely dispersed wind and solar farms.
2013
Pedro Moneo
@pedromoneoPublisher @opinno
MIT Technology Reviewtechnologyreview.esen español @techreview_es
facebook.com/technologyreview
