THE ROLE OF TEST ADMINISTRATOR AND

ERRORMICHAEL BROCKLY

NOVEMBER 20, 2013

•Test administrator error is not currently included in the Human-Biometric Sensor Interaction model, thereby potentially attributing data collection errors to the wrong metric

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• The test administrator has been ignored in the Human-Biometric Sensor Interaction (HBSI)

• A portion of biometric data collection error is due to the test administrator

• Test methodology needs to take test administrator errors into account

• Taking additional performance issues into account will help to meet the criteria of data collection best practices

SIGNIFICANCE

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

• “Data quality one of the most important factors in the effectiveness of a biometric system” (Hicklin & Khanna, 2006)

• “Poor data quality is responsible for many or even most matching errors in biometric systems” (Hicklin & Khanna, 2006)

• Interested in the quality of the data itself, not solely image quality

QUALITY OF BIOMETRIC DATA

•Very important in biometric data collections

•Connects biometric sample with the variables that affect the sample

•Examples include:

• Gender

• Fingerprint characteristics such as moisture

• Number of attempts needed

QUALITY OF METADATA

•Critical to the biometric acquisition process

•Takes various roles in data collection

•Used to reduce the amount of poor quality data in a system

TEST ADMINISTRATOR

•Many factors affect the system performance

•Human factors and usability

•Studies have shown that the subject has a direct impact on the performance of the system

• Next step to analyze the test administrator impact

BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE

•One method to reduce test administrator error

•Prevent poor quality from the source

•Adhere to ISO 17025

• Internal auditing checklist

TRAINING

•Test administrators have multiple responsibilities

•Workload needs to be balanced

•Use automation when possible

• Reduce unwanted workload

• Prevent mental calculations

WORKLOAD

•System is designed to provide functionality along with ease of use

•Cognitively engineered system

•Usability testing

DESIGNING THE DATA COLLECTION

•Well-made Graphical User Interface (GUI)

•Free of extraneous information

•Ease of use for both test administrator and subject

SYSTEM EASE OF USE

• Improving GUI

• Improving test

•Eliminating error

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

•Literature has mentioned the need for a test administrator (Graves et al., 2011) (Theofanos et al., 2007)

•There is a need for test administrator performance metrics

•The test administrator is not included in the HBSI model

SUMMARY OF RELATED WORK

METHODOLOGY

•Best practice documentation

•Corrective Action Requests

•Preventive Action Requests

VARIABLES FROM LITERATURE

•Consulted a group of trained test administrators

•Recalled events and experiences

•Recommended changes to the system

VARIABLES FROM FOCUS GROUPS

•Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Aging Study visit 1

•Biometric samples

•Biometric metadata

VARIABLES FROM ONGOING STUDY

TESTING ENVIRONMENT

•Data from survey were used to create significance for project

•Data were analyzed from DHS Aging Study visit 1

•System changes were put into effect for DHS Aging Study visit 2

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

• Based off test administrator error frequencies

• Recommendations from literature and test administrator surveys

• Improvements in:

• Consent (Demographic)

• Government ID Capture (Demographic)

• Fingerprint Statistics Capture (Biometric metadata)

• Face Capture (Biometric data)

PROCEDURE IMPROVEMENTS

•Created electronic consent form

•Eliminated need for paper documents

•Documents signed electronically

•Records saved to database

CONSENT

• Introduced a procedure to check and enter data directly into the database

•Subjects with missing or incorrect data were automatically flagged for verification

GOVERNMENT ID

• Introduced procedure to enter data directly into the database

• Mandatory that all fields are entered

•Corrected method for collecting oiliness (sebum)

FINGERPRINT STATISTICS

•Created standardized camera settings

•Corrected test administrator challenge of looking at external portrait template for a standard distance

• Integrated portrait template on the device itself

FACE COLLECTION

•Put all system changes into effect

•Collected data in visit 2

•Analyzed data for old and new errors

•Conducted post-collection survey for test administrators

•Recommended further changes as needed

METHODOLOGY

RESULTS

•Minimum score of 80% to pass

•Most commonly missed question:

• Test administrators thought no changes could be made to the data collection once it has begun

• Reminded of continuous improvement, allowing changes if they did not jeopardize the data integrity

TEST ADMINISTRATOR QUIZ

•20 questions

•Based on laboratory processes and test administrator best practices

TEST ADMINISTRATOR QUIZTest Administrator % Correct

1 90%

2 80%

3 95%

4 80%

5 80%

6 95%

7 100%

TEST ADMINISTRATOR LOGIN

•Lookup tool for returning subjects

•Red fields for blank text

•Calendar tool for date of birth

• Used to provide a standard format

•Radio buttons for demographic information

SUBJECT CHECK-IN

SUBJECT CHECK-IN

•Red fields for blank text

•Drop-down boxes for categorical fields

•Calendar tools for date of birth and issue date

•Comment box for issues or missing identification

GOVERNMENT ID COLLECTION

GOVERNMENT ID COLLECTION

GOVERNMENT ID RESULTSMetric

Visit One

Visit Two

Missing Subjects (All Fields Blank) 25 3

Date of Birth (Blank) 27 1

Date of Birth (Incorrect Format) 1 0

Issue Country (Blank) 1 1

Issue Date (Blank) 8 1

Issue Date (Erroneous Entry) 5 0

Issue State (Blank) 1 1

Issue State (Incorrect Format) 0 1

ID Type (Blank) 0 1

Signature Image (Blank) 3 2

Face Image (Blank) 0 2

Total Erroneous Fields 221 31

Percent Erroneous Fields 28.44% 5.47%

•Red fields for blank text

•Drop-down boxes for categorical data

•Error messages for invalid values

•Corrected methodology for collecting sebum

•Comment box for issues or concerns

FINGERPRINT METADATA

FINGERPRINT METADATA

FINGERPRINT METADATA RESULTS

MetricVisit One

Visit Two

Missing Subjects (All Fields Blank) 12 0

Temperature (Blank) 0 0

Skin Texture (Blank) 0 0

Pigmentation (Blank) 0 0

Sebum (Measured Incorrectly) 99 0

Moisture (Blank) 0 0

Elasticity (Blank) 0 0

Skin Color (Blank) 0 0

Keratin (Blank) 0 0

Total Erroneous Fields 195 0

Percent Erroneous Fields 21.96% 00.00%

•Birthdate

•Fingerprint Metadata

ERROR MESSAGES

•A template was used to line up the subjects’ eyes

• Instructed that “+” symbols should cover the entire eye

•Aided height to width ratio of image

•Degree of blur and other metrics also reduced

FACE CAPTURE

FACE CAPTURE RESULTS% Compliant

Metric Visit One Visit Two

Eye Separation 95.34% 97.21%

Eye Axis Angle 97.21% 99.20%

Eye Axis Location Ratio 87.58% 97.61%

Centerline Location Ratio 0% 0%

Height to Width Ratio 50.93% 100%

Head Height to Image Height Ratio 97.52% 97.61%

Image Width to Head Width Ratio 69.26% 37.85%

Eye Contrast 100% 100%

Brightness Score 100% 100%

Facial Dynamic Range 100% 100%

Percent Facial Brightness 100% 100%

Percent Facial Saturation 100% 100%

Degree of Blur 60.56% 68.13%

Image Format 100% 100%

•Drop-down menu added redundancy in case test administrators did not log in

•Provided accountability for errors

TEST ADMINISTRATOR RESPONSIBILITY

CONCLUSIONS

•Standardizing training was an essential step in reducing test administrator error

•Test administrators used the tools established for error documentation

• 44 Corrective Action Requests

• 5 Preventive Action Requests

CONCLUSIONS

• Conducted a group session, asking test administrators about their data collection experiences

• Three focuses:

• What went well

• What went poorly

• What changes would be made if study was repeated

POST-MORTEM

•Positive reaction about GUI

• “The checklists and tabs in the test administrator GUI decreased my stress level”

•Scripts were not always used

• Repetitive in multi-visit study

POST-MORTEM

•Single program solution for most data collection needs

•GUI is fully modifiable for future data collections

•CAR and PAR system will continue to be used in error reporting and correcting

FUTURE WORK

•Test administrators create a portion of the error in a biometric data collection

•Test administrators also influence subjects to create a portion of the error

•Future work can assign these errors to the HBSI metrics

FUTURE WORK IN HBSI

QUESTIONS?NEXT I WILL SHOW A LIVE DEMO OF THE

DATABASE

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