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iCore Presentation at CALIPSO FIA Workshop (Dublin May 2013). Positioning Cognitive IoT against Internet timeline
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Supporting all-IP IoT
with Virtual Objectswith Virtual Objects
Raffaele Giaffreda (CREATE-NET)
EU FP7 iCore Project Coordinator
FIA Dublin – 7th May 2013
a bit of IoT infographics...
BOSCH
7 bln connected devices by 2015
SAP
24 bln connected devices by 2020
INTEL
31 bln connected devices by 2020
CISCO
37-50 bln connected devices by 2020
transistor density / space efficiency
Turing’s Pilot ACE: Automatic
Computing Engine
bandwidth / spectral efficiency
Space Efficiency + Spectral Efficiency =
MAZE OF TINY, CONNECTED THINGS
Trend: more and more widespread sensing and monitoring data available
...Tiny but Powerful devices
what’s beyond IP connectivity?
The Internet parallel...
HTTP/WWW
search engines
connect your info
TCP/IP
HTML
represent info / aggregate info
WWWpersonalised knowledge
collections, blogs...
The Semantic Web
find info
VALUE!
IoT, what’s beyond IP connectivity? early stages for the IoT...
HTTP/WWW
hundreds of bespoke
IoT applications
The Semantic Web
VALUE!
personalised knowledge
collections, blogs...
represent info / aggregate info
search engines
connect your info
TCP/IP
HTML
WWW
find infoobject
today
HUMANMACHINE
IoT innovation potential...
“Innovation”: one
can focus on apps!!!
OBD
On Board Diagnostics
MACHINEHUMAN
lesson #1
• connect your objects, unlock value
siloed and bespoke IoT applications
APPS
HO
US
E
APPS
FR
IDG
E
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
APPSAPPS
APPSAPPS
APPSAPPS
DATA / INFORMATION OVERLOAD, BUT...
CA
R
SENSORS
HO
US
E
SENSORSF
RID
GE
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
APPS
TR
UC
K
SENSORS
APPS
IF A WELL-DEFINED INTERFACE INTO CAR SENSORS BRINGS SUCH POTENTIAL...
APPS
HO
US
E
APPS
FR
IDG
E
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
APPSAPPS
APPSAPPS
APPSAPPS
CA
R
HO
US
E
FR
IDG
E
PA
TIE
NT
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS
APPS
TR
UC
K
SENSORS
APPS
SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS
iCore concepts
• Virtual Object
• Composite Virtual
Object
• Service / User Level
• Service / User Level
Virtual Object as OBD across silos
IoT services
Virtual Object SW Agent
IoT services
VO registry
To upper iCore levels and Internet
Semantic VO descriptions
Ab
stra
ctio
n
ICT objects
(heterogeneous world)
Sensors and actuators
Proprietary servicesIoT services
Associated physical objects
Ab
stra
ctio
n
17
what ingredients?
• common interfaces to interact with
objects (i.e. REST)
• + extra containers for metadata
• let the systems know what the object • let the systems know what the object
is good for, its location (“I am a Temp
sensor in Room A”), its accuracy, its
energy levels etc.
replicate what the HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
has done for simply connected info
“I am a webpage and I talk about Paris history”
WHAT ARE VOs GOOD FOR?
• OBJECTS PROXIMITY
– automated selection “by relevance” (see arguments
for cognitive technologies in a minute...)
• OBJECTS REUSE • OBJECTS REUSE
– reuse across different apps, increase availability,
hence, increase monitoring / sensing granularity
• OBJECTS MGMT
– i.e. energy management, contextualised sensing
(accuracy vs. sensing frequency) etc.
Providing IoT systems the ability to self-configure, based on various requirements, and ...
Ability to dynamically aggregate
ProxShape(QUADRILATERAL)
ProxColour(GREEN)
ProxColour(RED)
APP / SRV
APP / SRV
APP / SRV
Cognitive.prep
Cognitive.select
VO
...providing IoT systems the ability to adapt
CA
R
APPS
HO
US
E
APPS
FR
IDG
E
APPS
PA
TIE
NT
APPS
HO
US
E
FR
IDG
E
PA
TIE
NT
SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS SENSORS
PATIENT is near the FRIDGE
CAR is near the HOUSE
PATIENT is driving the CAR
objects reuse
across domains
KitchenPresDetect PatientStatusDetect
Easy for us...not for a “dumb” computer...
lesson #2
• connect your objects across domains, unlock
further value
Internet vs. IoT
• a page + a page + a page...connect info
• represent info – HTML
• aggregate info – hyperlink
• a (sensor) feed + a feed + a feed...
• represent feeds – VO
• aggregate feeds – CVO
VALUE?
the need for cognitive technologies
• iCore Composite Virtual Object (CVO)
– aggregation of simple sensing capability
– self-maintenance (service maintained in case of
failure) increased sensing granularity needed!failure) increased sensing granularity needed!
– System Knowledge
• what is available to meet reqs?
“smart but not so much...”
ability to select alternatives based on
what metadata we put in the extra VO
containers
CT 1
the need for cognitive technologies
• iCore Service Level and overall Cognitive
Management Framework
CT 2,3
use of cognitive technologies in the IoT
• Build models for Real World
Knowledge representation
• Help predict based on observation
of past (training)
• Assist rather than replace human • Assist rather than replace human
decisions
• Personalise the behaviour of IoT
systems to tailor user changing
needs and situations
Putting it all together, iCore Cognitive Mgmt Framework
Service Level
Service
Execution
Request
Service
Request
select, notification
Service
Request
Alert / Predict
ACK
Application
CVO Level
VO Level
CVO/VO
Execution
Request
RWO
interactions
select,
deploy
(bind), runset of
running
processes
satisfying
Service
Request
notification
according
to service
templateACK
RWOs
dynamic
binding
Internet vs. IoT
• find info
• personalised knowledge collections, blogs as
“ready info meals”...
• find VOs / CVOs
• personalised IoT services, applications that
learn how to assist users
the need for cognitive technologies
• factoring “smart logic algorithms” out of developers
concerns
– IF “crash” THEN “alertRSA”
– “crash” (IF VO_x = TRUE THEN crash := TRUE)
– (IF VO_x = TRUE AND VO_y = TRUE THEN crash := TRUE)
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_x
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_yIF (VO_x = TRUE) AND (VO_y = TRUE)
THEN crash := TRUE
IF VO_x = TRUE
THEN crash := TRUE
IF (VO_x > TH_x) AND (VO_y > TH_y)
THEN crash := TRUE
factor out cognitive technologies
CT 2
• iCore community: foster “ready meals” for IoT apps
the need for cognitive technologies
• rather than for the selection of appropriate templates,
here focus is on refinement of selected one according
to observed system-reality matching
• Real-World-Knowledge “growing”
• Learning and adaptation to the users preferences• Learning and adaptation to the users preferences
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_x
TAG:
crash
detect
VO_yIF (VO_x > TH_x) AND (VO_y > TH_y)
THEN crash := TRUE
CT 3
assess
QUALITY of
PREDICTION
REFINE
TH_x, and TH_y
iCore Architecture, RWK grow and SK grow
Service Level
Service
Execution
Request
Service
Request
select,
Delta (RWK-RW)
ACK
Application
RWK
Model
tweak
parameters /
algorithms
CVO Level
VO Level
CVO/VO
Execution
Request
RWO
interactions
select,
deploy
(bind), runset of
running
processes
satisfying
Service
Request
ACK
RWOs
RWK
SK
Delta (SK-S)
SK
Model
Personalised RWK and SK...
in one slide
srv templates
(RWK models)srv templates
(RWK models)srv templates
(RWK models)
CVO templates
(SK models)
instantiation of same cognitive algorithms linking sensors
gets tailored with usage to produce outputs and alerts that
match user preferences, situation, infrastructure context
CVO templates
(SK models)CVO templates
(SK models)
iCore and Cognitive Technologies
• CVO Level “system knowledge” – SLA-driven VO selection / maintainance
– semantic enrichment � semantic-based reasoning
– selection by relevance to the needs of the application
• deal with data / information overload– template select
Summary
CT 1
– template select
– given VO / CVO “types” find best algorithms that combine these for desired output
• deal with data / information overload– learn and predict
– given an algorithm, tweak parameters to better align iCoresystem behaviour to the observed real situation
– Real World Knowledge (RWK) “growing”, adaptation to user preferences
CT 2
CT 3
The Internet of Things evolution timeline
The Dumb IoT The Craft IoT The Cognitive IoT
YESTERDAY TODAY TOMORROW
The Dumb Internet The Craft Internet The Technicolor Internet
The Dumb IoT The Craft IoT The Cognitive IoT
Bear with us, we are building it!
references
• iCore application in smart-cities and IoT-based
monitoring[REF1] P. Vlacheas, R. Giaffreda et al. "Enabling Smart Cities Through
a Cognitive Management Framework for the Internet of Things“,
to appear in IEEE Communications Magazine - Special Issue onto appear in IEEE Communications Magazine - Special Issue on
Smart Cities (June 2013)
[REF2] IERC Newsletter April 2013 – foreword by R. Giaffreda
thank you!
iCore Website
www.iot-icore.eu
Contacts:
Raffaele Giaffreda
3 yrs EU FP7 Integrated Project
(started 1st Oct 2011)
20 Partners with strong industrial
representation
8.7mEur EU Funding
EU + China and Japan
ID Card
Japan
Abdur Rahim
EU + China and Japan
