0

A Vision of Safety

Dr. Stefan Heck

CEO

Nauto, Inc.

1

Transport today: 99% waste of $2/mile Productive use

2.6% driving

0.8% looking for parking

0.5% sitting in congestion

The typical American car

spends 96% of its time parked

86% of

fuel never

reaches

the wheels

Rolling resistance

1% Energy used to move the person

Aerodynamics

Transmission

losses

Idling

Engine losses

Inertia

Auxiliary power Road at peak throughput only 5% of the time…

...and then only 10% covered with cars

More than 33,000 road

fatalities in US

$300B annually in cost

>95%

Caused

by human

error

2

More than 33,000 road

fatalities in US

$300B annually in cost

>95%

Caused

by human

error

Productive use

2.6% driving

0.8% looking for parking

0.5% sitting in congestion

The typical American car

spends 96% of its time parked

86% of

fuel never

reaches

the wheels

Rolling resistance

1% Energy used to move the person

Aerodynamics

Transmission

losses

Idling

Engine losses

Inertia

Auxiliary power Road at peak throughput only 5% of the time…

...and then only 10% covered with cars

Autonomous: 90% accident reduction

Connected: Time &

route shift & transit

integration

Shared: 50% utilization

(70% with

delivery at night?)

Electric: 85% efficient

drivetrain

Transport today: 99% waste of $2/mile

3

8 cents per mile!

Autonomous: 90% accident reduction

Connected: Time &

route shift & transit

integration

Shared: 50% utilization

(70% with

delivery at night?)

Electric: 85% efficient

drivetrain

Autonomous

maintenance

& charging

Peloton or 8x

capacity

autonomous

HOV lanes

Smart Autoroute

No up

front cost for

batteries

Use only

size car &

battery you

need

Match open trips & 2 minute service

Intermodal hub connections

ACES

4

Billon dollar challenges as the world urbanizes Traffic Congestion

• $300B time lost – 5.5B hours, 4x pollution

• Together with housing biggest economic pain point

for wealthy cities

• 30% of urban traffic circling for parking

• 2-4% asset productivity of cars

Accidents

• 33K lives, 250K disabilities, 2M injuries

• $300B damage

• 95% human error mostly phone and passenger

distraction and traffic/road/environmental conditions

realized too late

• 12 US cities and dozens globally embrace Vision Zero

Public Safety

• 1.2 million cars stolen every year

• 800K missing people, 65K kidnappings per year

• 2/5 pedestrian fatalities are hit and run

• $100B parking revenue

Infrastructure & Maps

• $155B spent on highways – prioritization is

critical

• Autonomy requires precise, up to date data

• $2B mapping market growing 55% CAGR

5

Real time public space data network solves system problems Traffic Congestion: Waze on Steroids

• Data by lane

• Real time visual brake lights and speeds vs GPS averaging

with 3-7 min delay

• Data generated automatically – no turking while driving

• Find parking in real time

Accidents: Causes not proxies to reinvent insurance

• 10x data from near misses not just actual accidents

• See 10-12 cars per vehicle equipped with sensors

• Assess actual driver behavior BEFORE accidents

• Ability to warn and coach to PREVENT rather than PROTECT loss

• Instant upload of telemetry for accidents

Public Safety: Robocop writes tickets

• Focus police on serious/repeat offenders

• Car tracks its surroundings – alarm with self-reporting

• Parking without pucks or wiring

Infrastructure & Maps: Crowd sourced 4D

• Near real time coverage

• SLAM allows construction of high resolution

dynamic overlay maps

• Prioritization of city resources to usage

AI computer

vision on vehicles • Detect and classify vehicles, signs, road

conditions

• Detect pedestrians and occupants

• Monitor driver attention

• Real time bi-directional link to cloud

• Machine learning in car and in cloud

6

-

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

-

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cra

sh &

Near

Cra

sh F

requency Index

Lo

ss R

atio

In

de

x

Early UBI Current UBI Near Misses + Crashes + Visual Data

With vision context, predictive power grows 5x

Sources: ^“Early UBI”: Progressive July 2012 Snapshot Study; “Current UBI”: Towers Watson April

2015;

“Near Misses + Crashes + Visual Data”: NHTSA / VTTI 100 Car Naturalistic Driving Study

Best Risk

Decile Over-priced risks:

Loss ratio ~75%

better than average

Under-priced risks:

Loss ratio ~150%

worse than average

Average drivers:

Benefit from dynamic

network data services

such as traffic flow

Worst Risk Decile

5x better risk

segmentation than

OBDII/Dongle/Mobile

phone UBI

7

Where?

“The early bird stays alive”

Shifting commute earlier

reduces risk

When?

NAUTO enables real time awareness

Safe

drivers

Average

drivers

Unsafe

drivers

Cra

sh

ra

te

What?

Who?

• Forward-

facing

camera

• Collision

warning /

ADAS

Distractions:

- mobile phone

- passengers

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

“Geek” late AM commuter has very high danger at night

• Inward-

facing

camera

• Driver

history

• Mapping

On the left: 4x

danger of right

turn

On the right:

pedestrians

& bicycles

In front: danger of

running a red light

Backing up: potential

property damage

Aggressive driving

style - tailgating,

hard/late braking

Low situational

awareness

Targeted

services more

compelling

than coaching

Car / pedestrian crashes along

Market street

Dangerous on-ramp: Potrero /

César Chávez & Hwy 101

Dangerous intersection:

Bayshore Blvd. & Silver Ave.

Polk St. car / bike crash

corridor: from residential

areas to Mission / startups

Detailed map of

San Francisco

high-incident areas

Monday-Thursday

Cra

sh

ra

te

Early AM commuter avoids crash danger

Standard AM commuter has high danger

• Data science

Drunk driving at night

8

A fork in

the road to

Autonomy

9

What if there was a third way?

• A: Augment human

perception for safety

• C: Each car learns

from every other car

• E: Solve parking,

braking, congestion

• S: Sharing easier if

you know who is

driving and how

10

NAUTO retrofit device

11

In-Vehicle Block Diagram

Main SoC

DRAM Flash Forward Cam

4K

Driver Cam

1080

Audio In/Out

GPS

Acceleromete

r/Compass

Gyro

Wifi +

BT4.0LE

LTE Module

uC PMIC

Battery

Micro

SD

slot

Wish list:

• Low-power SoC

with more than 8

cores, fast GPU

• Neural network

co-processor

• CUDA-like

capabilities on

ARM

• 4K, HDR, wide

angle, high

framerate

12

13

Driver distraction identification

14