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Politecnico di MilanoXV European Conference "Refrigeration and
Air Conditioning", 7th-8th June 2013
Andrea Voigt, [email protected]
1
Challenging times ahead…
Dr. Fatih Birol, IEA Chief Economist at the launch of World Energy Outlook 2012 in Brussels:
“Policy makers face critical choices in reconciling energy,
environmental & economic objectives”
2
EPEE: The full value chain of the Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Sector
A major part of the European RAC & HP industry
• > 200,000 direct employees in Europe
• > € 30 billion turnover in Europe
3
EPEE’s main fields of activities• Promote Energy Efficiency
– Ecodesign Directive– Energy Efficiency Directive– Eco Label and Energy Label– Energy Performance of Buildings Directive– Renewable Energies Directive …
• The F-Gas Regulation and its revision– Maintain and strengthen the F-Gas Regulation– Support a technically and economically feasible phase-down
• Raise awareness on Market Surveillance– Importance of properly enforcing and policing legislation
• Promote an HVACR association network at EU level4
EPEE in Europe1. Small – medium –
large size entreprises
2. Over 200,000 direct employees
3. Production throughout Europe
4. Using all types of refrigerants
Why a revision of the F-Gas Regulation?
• The EU low carbon roadmap aims for 72% emission reduction for F-Gases, Methane, N2O in 2030
• The existing F-Gas Regulation is expected to stabilise emissions at today‘s level
• To achieve the goals of the low carbon roadmap more action is needed
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The need for reliable data
EPEE funded two studies:– French ERIE / ARMINES and British SKM Enviros research
institutes
Main Focus on Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Market (RAC):
– 80% of total F-Gas emissions
– Analysis of 7 main sectors, 43 subsectors and 14 alternatives to currently used refrigerants.
Other key applications: – Technical & medical aerosols, foam blowing, fire protection
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Two Studies – Coherent ConclusionsRefrigerant Bank – 1990 to 2010
CFC and HCFC phase-out:less CO2-eq. emissions despite market growth
ERIE/ARMINES and SKM Enviros both state that:
• The refrigerant bank (in metric tonnes) more than doubled between 1990 and 2010
• Expressed in million tonnes of CO2-eq, the bank decreased by >10%
• Emissions (in million tonnes of CO2-eq) decreased by > 10%
8Source: Erie / Armines, 2011
Two Studies – Coherent ConclusionsBAU emission reduction scenarios – 2010 to 2030
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BAU: > 15% emission reduction vs. 2010
• Based on full implementation of F-Gas Regulation & current trends• 140 million tonnes of CO2-eq emissions in 2010 • 20 million tonnes CO2-eq emission savings in 2030 vs. 2010
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011
Two Studies – Coherent ConclusionsCommercial Refrigeration – a great potential
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1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
BAU: 20 % emission reduction in 2030 vs. 2010• Market: Lower GWP alternatives have already been introduced• GWP: Quick gains in terms of emission reduction by retrofills• Leakage: Benefits from full implementation of the F-Gas Regulation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
F Direct GHG EmissionsMtonnes CO2Commercial Refrigeration, Scenario A, EU27
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011
Two Studies – Coherent ConclusionsMaximum emission reduction scenarios – 2010 to 2030
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Maximum scenarios: > 60% emission reduction• Both maximum scenarios currently not achievable as they are based on wide
introduction of mildly flammable refrigerants
• 90 million tonnes CO2-eq emission savings in 2030 vs. 2010
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011
What is really achievable in RAC ?Much more than „Business as Usual“!
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
Emission reduction of:
- 50% vs. 2010
74 million tonnes CO2-eq. including
ODS
50 million tonnes CO2-eq. only HFCs
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012
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-50 Mt
-74 Mt
How ?Based on SKM Enviros and Armines / Erie:
By improved F-Gas rules
30% HFC consumption reduction in 2020
Re-assessment
65% HFC consumption reduction in 2030 13
What does the Commission propose (Nov 2012)?
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Phase-down
HFC Consumption
reduction
Year 2020:-37%
Year 2030:-79%
Bans
Refrigerants with a Global
Warming Potential
> 2500
HFCs in hermetically
sealed products
Pre-Charging
Containment & Competence
Regular leakage checks
Certification and training for
installers
EU Climate Goals
… and the other EU Institutions?
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The EU Parliament:Co-decides
Elections in 2014Very high level of ambition
Members of Parliament want „quick wins“ to secure their re-election: • HFC bans in stationary a/c and
refrigeration as of 2020• Very steep phase-down• Service & Maintenance ban as of
2017
The Council of the EU:Co-decides
Difficult economic situationLower level of ambition
Gap within the Council between level of amibition in the North and the South / Central EU
EPEE supports the Commission‘s rationale…
… provided that:
1. The phase-down steps are softened to achieve a 65% reduction and the baseline is adjusted. (Annex V)
2. High global warming potential refrigerants are allowed to be used for service & maintenance in small systems below 40tons of CO2-eq and very low temperature applications <-50°C (Art. 11.3)
3. Recycled refrigerants can be used without restriction (Art. 11.3)
4. Pre-charged equipment becomes part of the quota system (Art. 12) 16
ProtectsHealth, Safety, Energy
Efficiency
Protects SMEsAddresses major part of
emissions
Ensures recoveryPrevents emissions
Promotes EU businessSaveguards phase-down
Adjustment of the phase-down baseline Why and how?
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COM proposal EPEE proposal0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Adjustement for HFCs con-tained in pre-charged equipment
Adjustment for HCFCs con-tained in existing equip-ment
Total quantity of HFCs produced and imported in the EU during 2008 to 2011 (Commission pro-posal)
Starting point for phase-down reduction steps in 2015
EPEE is concerned about the EU Parliament‘s proposals
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Energy Efficiency, Safety & Affordability will be jeopardized, by:
1. A too steep phase-down
2. A too early entry into force of the service & maintenance ban
3. Arbitrary bans on stationary a/c and refrigeration equipment
4. A ban on pre-charging of equipment
5. A single environmental legal base
What happens next?Earliest possible adoption beginning of 2014
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EU Commission
EU Parliament
Council of EU
DG Climate initiates proposal
Other DGs need to approve
Proposal adoptedNov 2013
ENVI CommitteeVote: 19 June
Plenary vote: Q4 2013 / Q1 2014
COREPER
Ministers of EU member states
DG = Directorate GeneralENVI = EnvironmentCOREPER = Committee of permanent representatives
Progress report: 18 June
What can you do?
Engage with national decision makers:• Input into the position of your national
government – ministry of environment, economy
Engage with European decision makers:• Members of the European Parliament are
also elected in your country – and they want to be reelected. Talk to them!
Speak with one voice:• Coordinate your input with other
associations at national level and at EU level.• Coordinate with us! 20
Contact details:
EPEE46 Avenue des Arts
1000 Brussels, Belgium
email: [email protected]: www.epeeglobal.org
Thank you very much for your attention !
21