- 1. The Evolution of 3D PrintingIr Bryan SOSenior ConsultantHong
Kong Productivity Council27 August 20141
2. Ir Bryan SOAbout the speaker.Senior Consultant, Biomedical,
Optical and Precision EngineeringSupervisor, Rapid Prototyping
Technology Centre (RPTC)Automation Service DivisionWith more than
12 years of experience in Advanced Manufacturing Technologies,
Product Development Technologies, MedicalDevice Development and the
related Regulatory Affairs and Quality Management System.
Providesconsultancy services to the medical device industry in GMP,
ISO13485 quality system & ISO14971 riskmanagement system,
Pre-market notification (e.g. USFDA 510(k)), etc. Supervises the
Rapid PrototypingTechnology Centre in HKPC to provide consultancy
services and supports to the industry on new technology
developmentincluding CAD/CAM systems, micro-fabrication technology,
Opto-mechatronics, micro-laser welding, 3D Printing &rapid
prototyping, as well as industrial design for product development.
Investigator of several government fundeddevelopment projects
including SME Development Fund project on ISO4971 Risk Management
for Medical Devices,Medical Devices Good Distribution Practice
(MDGDP), PSDAS project on Biomedical Engineering and ITFDevelopment
Project on Dental CAD/CAM system, Artificial Finger Joint, Liquid
Silicone Rubber (LSR), Device onDermoscopy for Melanoma, etc.
Currently the Committee of the Biomedical Division of The Hong Kong
Institution of Engineers(HKIE-Biomedical Division), the Executive
Committee of the IEEE Engineering in Medical and Biological Society
HongKong- Macau Joint Chapter (IEEE EMBS), Deputy Executive
Secretary General of the Asian Harmonization Working Party(AHWP) on
the harmonization of medical device regulatory and currently
serving in various panels of the Hong Kong Medicaland Healthcare
Device Industries Association (HKMHDIA).2 3. State of the Union
Address3Were elated that 3D printing is gainingmore positive
exposure! Help spread the wordby introducing your friends to
thepowerful piece of technologyBy Barack Obamas, President of US,12
February 2013, State of the Union Speech 4. The EconomistMost
people probably already ownsomething that was made with the help
ofa 3D printer.Communities offering 3D printing andother production
services that are a bit likeFacebook are already forming onlineanew
phenomenon which might be calledsocial manufacturing.~The
EconomistApr 20124 5. 5Media Attention to 3D printingB9 [28/6/2013]
21/4/2013][9/8/2013][17/8/2013 ][14/1/2014]A14 [9/7/2013] 6.
Contents History of 3D printing Market Potential What is Rapid
Prototyping, Rapid Tooling, Rapid Manufacturing ? Technologies and
Materials Future Trend What next for 3D printing6 7. History of
3DPrinting7 8. History of 3D printing1987Birth of 3D printing3D
System inventedstereolithography, aprinting process thatenables a
tangible 3Dprinting object to becreated from digital
data.1991Commercialization ofFDMFused Deposition Modelingmachine
from Stratasyswas commercialized. Itextrudes thermoplasticmaterials
in filament form toproduce parts layer by layer1992SLS was
availableSelective laser sinteringfrom DTM (Now part of3D Systems)
becameavailable.2000Commercializationof color 3D printerZ
Corpcommercialized thefirst color 3D printer inthe world20073D
Printing in MultipleMaterialsObjet developed a machinethat can
print in multiplematerialsSource: Wohlers Report
201382013Stratastys andObjet mergedStratastys and Objetcompleted
theirmerger in 2013. 9. Recent bloomFDM patent (US5121329) expired
in 2009Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) patent: Initially patented
by S. Scott Crump of Stratasys Inc. in 1989 Expired 20 years of
patent protection since
2009http://apps.shareholder.com/sec/viewerContent.aspx?companyid=AMDA-FNA1K&docid=64700499http://www.google.com/patents/US5121329http://lawitm.com/3d-printing-patents-expire-reprap-moves-in/
10. 3D Printing Application -Rocket componentsNASA engineers 3D
printed the engine parts for the Space Launch System (SLS), the
vehicle slatedto take human back to the moon.Technology used:
Selective Laser Melting (SLM)An engine injector made,With
conventional fabrication techniques of molding and welding: In the
range of US$250,000With 3D printing: In the range of US$25,000
(reduced by a factor of 10)Production times could also dwindle from
six months to just
weeks.http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/j2x/3d_print.html
10 11. 3D Printing Application -RobohandFor roughly US$150, the 3-D
printed Robohand lets Dylan, who ismissing the fingers on one hand
as a result of Amniotic BandSyndrome, grab things with bendable
fingers, which most prosthetichands dont.Inventors have since
provided free Robohands to South Africanchildren, and the
open-source design has been downloaded more than3,500 times in just
three
months.http://singularityhub.com/2013/09/13/3d-printing-delivers-functional-
11prosthetic-hands-at-a-diy-price/ 12. 3D Printing Application
-Running Shoe3D printing technology:Selective laser sinteringUsing
3D printing to customize high performancerunning shoes for
athletes.New Balance Sports Research Labcollects using a force
plate, in-shoe sensors, anda motion capture system.Advanced
algorithms and software are thenapplied to translate data into
custom 3D printedspike
designs.http://www.3ders.org/articles/20130307-new-balance-customizes-a-track-specific-running-shoe-using-3d-printing.htmlhttp://www.boston.com/businessupdates/2013/03/08/new-balance-uses-printing-technique-customize-track-shoes/v0GgY5NN9efZpCWrfq0pTN/story.html
13. 3D Printing Application -Custom made watch bands A New York
fashion brand NOOKA partnered with 3D Systemsto delivery a special
edition 3D printed Zub 40 watchcollection. The watch combines
NOOKAs timepiece with colorful andinterchangeable 3D printed bands.
The 3D printed bands arefused into shape by a high powered laser,
one layer at a time. Users are encouraged to customize the band
with theirfavourite color and style. The price for this special
editionwatch starts at 73.26
pound.13http://www.3ders.org/articles/20131121-3d-systems-and-nooka-launch-3d-printed-zub-40-watch-collection.html
14. 3D Printing Application -Angry Birds Jewelry DesignsPrimesmith
employs 3D printing to be able to create precision molds much
cheaperand faster. In addition Primesmith plans to start a design
process for consumers thatpeople could online customize their own
jewelry pieces.3D printing could generate more revenues for
companies by lowering the expense andspeeding up product process.
It becomes certainly a trend for start-up companies toconsider to
use for their new product
line.14http://www.3ders.org/articles/20120520-getting-angry-birds-jewelry-designs-to-the-mass-market-thanks-to-3d-printing.html
15. Cooksongold (http://www.cooksongold.com/), a leading supplier
of fabricated preciousmetals in Europe, is now in cooperation with
EOS to launch the new M 080 Direct MetalLaser Sintering ( DMLS )
machine. This machine provides a turnkey solution for
directprinting of precious metals will enable designers to produce
unique luxury productsunconstrained by conventional production
techniques. Printing materials include Gold,Platinum, Silver and
Palladium powder.153D Printing Application -Gold
Jewelryhttp://www.cooksongold-emanufacturing.com/index.asp 16.
Shapeways (http://www.shapeways.com/) provides an online 3D
printing service. Youcan 3D print your design with silver, brass,
bronze, steel and gold. Designers andmakers can upload their 3D
model designs onto the website for 3D printing, instead ofusing
traditional mold making technology to manufacture.163D Printing
Application -Personalized Jewelry design 17. New York-based Jewelry
American Pearl (http://www.americandiamondshop.com/)allow customers
to fully customize their own jewelry to their exact specifications,
byusing 3D printer Solidscape T76 to create a lost-wax casting mold
and then pours goldto fashion the final piece. Eddie Bakhash, CEO
and son of the founder of AmericanPearl said "In the old way,
jewelers had to spend a lot of hours carving [by hand]. Itwould
take me two weeks to create that piece. We can do it in a day
now.173D Printing Application Customized Jewelry 18. A Chinese
construction company (http://www.yhbm.com/) is building housesthat
can be mass-produced using a 3D printer. Using a mixture of cement
andconstruction waste, the houses can be produced for under $5,000
(2,970). The wallsand structure of the house are printed layer by
layer using a process that allows up to 10complete houses to be
printed in one day.183D Printing Application
Househttp://sh.people.com.cn/n/2014/0331/c134768-20896142.html 19.
3D Printed Candies- 3DSystem19Multi-Food Printer- FOODINIChocolate-
Hersheys3D Printing Application
Foodwww.naturalmachines.comwww.hersheys.comwww.3dsystems.com/press-releases/3d-systems-sweetens-its-offering-new-chefjettm-3d-printer-series
20. MarketPotential20 21. Business Opportunity21Figure 2 Global
Revenues of 3DPrinting Products and Services (from1993 to 2013)Y
axisIncome (in million USD), redsegment of the bars indicates
3Dprinting services while blue segment ofthe bars indicates 3D
printing productsX axisYearThe global revenues of 3D
printingproducts and services in the past 2years have 34.9% (Year
2013) and32.7% (Year 2012) growth.Figure 1 Estimated Global
Revenuesof 3D Printing Products and Servicesfrom 2016 to 2020Y
axisIncome(in million USD)X axisYearIt is expected that the global
incomeof 3D printing products and serviceswould reach a
double-digit growthover the next few years. By 2020,the Wohlers
Associate believes thatthe sale will approach USD$21
billionworldwide.Figure 33D System Sold byRegions in 2012Over half
of the systems soldin 2012 came from Israelsystem manufacturers. If
Asiancountries actively participate inthe future development of
3Dprinters, the cost of 3Dprinters would likely bereduced.Source:
Wohlers Report 2014 22. 22Major 3D Printer ManufacturerUnit market
share of major 3Dprinter Manufacturers as of 2013 23. What is 3D
Printing?Additive Manufacturing ()vs Subtractive Manufacturing
()RapidPrototyping (RP)Tooling (RT)Manufacturing (RM)23 24. What is
Rapid Prototyping,Rapid Tooling and RapidManufacturing?24 25.
RapidPrototyping3DprintingRapidmanufacturingRapidTooling25 26. What
is Rapid Prototyping?Rapid Prototyping is a group of techniques
used to quickly fabricate ascale model of a physical part or
assembly using three-dimensionalcomputer-aided design (CAD) data.26
27. Application of Rapid PrototypingArchitectural PrototypeHead
gear prototype duringproduct development Wheel and tire prototype1.
www.creatz3d.com/solutions/common-model-usages/focus-group-sessions/2.
www.3dprint.co.nz/success/Bossley_01.html 27 28. What is Rapid
Tooling?Rapid Tooling (RT) describes a process that is the result
of combiningRapid Prototyping (RP) techniques with conventional
tooling practicesto produce a mold quickly or parts of a functional
model from CAD datain less time and at a lower cost relative to
traditional machiningmethods.RapidToolingTechniquesIndirect
methodsuse the RP process togenerate anintermediate physicalmodel
from which thetooling inserts
aremade.http://www.3dprototyping.com.au/Rapid-Tooling.htmlDirect
approachesuse a RP-basedprocess to maketooling insertsdirectly.28
29. Application of Rapid ToolingJigs & Fixtures Blow and
Injection Moulding Silicone Moulding29Tool RepairInjection Moulding
Die-castingwww.javelin-tech.com/3d-printer/applications/molding-tooling/www.eos.info/tooling
30. What is Rapid Manufacturing?Rapid Manufacturing (RM) is the
making of end-useparts quickly- by any manufacturing method or use
of anadditive fabrication process somewhere along theproduction
chain.Just the sole of a shoe wouldcurrently require two hours with
a3D printer.1.
mass-customization.blogs.com/mass_customization_open_i/2006/10/footwear_custom.html#sthash.wtQfG5st.dpuf2.
www.smg3d.co.uk/hearing_aids30 31. Application of Rapid
ManufacturingFootwear Customization : TheFirst Rapid Manufactured
ShoeHearing Aids made by RapidManufacturing (RM)Malaysia have
designed two 3Dprinted surgical guides thatallowed doctors to save
the armof a 37 year old Malaysian
man.31www.3dprinterworld.com/article/3d-printed-surgical-guides-save-mans-arm
32. Conventional Prototyping VS Rapid Prototyping32Prototype
ManufacturingMoulding designFinal products Manufacturing 33.
Technologiesand Materials33 34. 343D printing TechnologiesVat
PhotopolymerizationStereolithography (SLA)Digital Light Processing
(DLP)Powder Bed FusionSelective Laser Sintering (SLS)Direct Metal
Laser Sintering (DMLS)Directed Energy DepositionDirect
Manaufacturing (DM)Material ExtrusionFused Deposition Modeling
(FDM)http://www.klex.hr/hr/usluge/prototyping/other-rp-printing-methods-comparasion/stereolithography-sla/
35. 353D printing TechnologiesVat
PhotopolymerizationStereolithography (SLA)Digital Light Processing
(DLP)- Mechanism: a process using an ultraviolet laserand x-y
scanning mirrors on computer-controlledgalvanometers to selectively
polymerizephotopolymers.- Materials: Photopolymer liquid resin1.
www.klex.hr/hr/usluge/prototyping/other-rp-printing-methods-comparasion/stereolithography-sla/2.
www.protocam.com/images/dyed-stereolithography-piec.jpg3.
www.carriocabling.com/images/gallery/DSC00082WEB.jpg4.
www.wired.com/design/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/miicraft-light-based-3d-printer-high-resolution-stereolithography-sla-wired-design.jpg
36. 363D printing
Technologieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6ItiCbYFvI#t=17Vat
PhotopolymerizationStereolithography (SLA)Digital Light Processing
(DLP)Powder Bed FusionSelective Laser Sintering (SLS)Direct Metal
Laser Sintering (DMLS)Directed Energy DepositionDirect
Manaufacturing (DM)Material ExtrusionFused Deposition Modeling
(FDM)Video: Laser Sintering 37. 373D printing TechnologiesPowder
Bed FusionSelective Laser Sintering (SLS)Direct Metal Laser
Sintering (DMLS)Electron- Mechanism: Thermal energy fuses
selectiveregions of a powder bed. The energy melts thepowder
material, which then changes to a solidphase as it cools.-
Materials: Powder1.
nwrapidmfg.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/IMG_5267.jpg2.
nwrapidmfg.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/NWR-Parts_5233_House.jpg3.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Selective_laser_melting_system_schematic.jpg
38. 383D printing
Technologieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TIY2BoAmKpQVat
PhotopolymerizationStereolithography (SLA)Digital Light Processing
(DLP)Powder Bed FusionSelective Laser Sintering (SLS)Direct Metal
Laser Sintering (DMLS)Directed Energy DepositionDirect
Manaufacturing (DM)Material ExtrusionFused Deposition Modeling
(FDM)Video: Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication 39. 393D printing
TechnologiesDirected Energy DepositionDirect Manaufacturing (DM)-
Mechanism: Focused thermal energy is used tofuse materials by
melting as the material is beingdeposited. Energy source can be
laser or electronbeam.- Materials: Metal powder1.
http://www.rapidreadytech.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Sciaky.jpg2.
http://additivemanufacturing.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/AM_Sciaky_DM-AM-TechnologyW2.jpg3.
http://www.instablogsimages.com/images/2006/03/06/arcam.jpg4.
http://www.rapidtoday.com/images/Acetabular%20Cup.jpg 40. 403D
printing TechnologiesUV laser lightStereolithography
(SLA)High-power laserSelective Laser Sintering (SLS)Direct Metal
Laser Sintering (DMLS)Electron beamElectron Beam Melting
(EBM)ExtrusionFused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 41. 413D printing
TechnologiesExtrusionFused Deposition Modeling (FDM)- Mechanism:
Material extrusion machines forcematerial through a nozzle as the
extrusion heador the build platform moves in the x-y plane. Aftera
layer is completed, the build platform movesdown, or the extrusion
head moves up, and thenext layer is extruded and adhered to
theprevious layer.- Materials: Thermoplastic1.
http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/fused-deposition-modeling2.
http://inov3d.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/1200es-pieces1.jpg3.
http://proto3000.com/assets/uploads/ContentImages/Dimension_FDM_Print.png4.
http://lab.ics.org.ru/media/uploads/omni_koleso.jpg 42. Advantages
of 3D printing Enable customized and personalized products in a
better cost effective manner. Applicable to various sectors (e.g.
jewelry, architecture, medical industry, toys, glasses) Enable
shorter cycle time in products design and manufacturing. Open up
new possibilities based on printable materials. Lowering of
financial burden in new product development. Breaking the
constraints on design due to conventional manufacturing limitation.
Encourage even more innovation and creativity.42 43. 433D Printing
Materials PolymericAcrylonitrile ButadieneStyrene
(ABS)Polypropylene (PP)Polyvinylchloride
(PVC)ThermoplasticPolycarbonates (PC)Sources as listed on the last
slidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylonitrile_butadiene_styrenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PVChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarbonate
44. 443D printing Materials - PolymericPolyamide powder
ResinPlastic PowderPolyaryletherketone(PAEK) group
powderPhotopolymer ResinRubber-like ResinSources listed on the last
slide 45. 453D Printing Materials - MetallicAlumideBrassStainless
SteelNickel AlloySterling SilverCobalt-Chrome AlloyBronze Titanium
Goldwww.shapeways.com/materials 46. 463D printing Novel
Materialsi.materialise Rubber-Like Material[TPU 92A-1]Textile
Food1.
www.slashgear.com/3d-printing-gets-squishy-with-new-materials-from-materialise-and-shapeways-31284481/2.
sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/SBIR/abstracts/12/sbir/phase1/SBIR-12-1-H12.04-9357.html3.
www.3ders.org/articles/20131023-cu-boulder-researchers-develop-4-d-printing-technology-for-composite-materials.htmlMacronutrientsFlavors
and texture modifiersShape memory polymer fibers Living human
cellsFibers Tissue Engineering 47. What next for3D Printing47 48.
What next for 3D printing?48 49. What next for 3D printing?Sources
as listed on the last slide3D printed Food3D printed fabric3D
printed organ3D printed personalizedproduct49 50. HKPC Asian's
First Rapid Prototyping Centre First SLA machine in HKPC in 1992
One-stop services on product development & 3DPrinting through
RPTC since 1995www.hkpc.org/rptc50 51. HKPC Asian's First Rapid
Prototyping Centre51ATV 2013-04-21 52. Print Yourself, Print your
IDEA52 53. Sources on graphics53
http://panashape.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/fdm-part-crop-300x217.png
http://i00.i.aliimg.com/photo/v1/876645074/ABS_rapid_prototyping_ABS_3d_printing.jpg
http://www.3d-alchemy.co.uk/assets/album/3d%20printing%20in%20Polypropylene/slides/plunger_end_600.jpg
http://www.mediacopy.co.uk/gallery/3D%20Printing/slides/Polypropylene_3d_printed_spring_600x4.jpg
http://www.javelin-tech.com/3d-printer/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/design-series-example80.jpg
http://cfnewsads.thomasnet.com/images/large/031/31021.jpg
http://www.3ders.org/articles/20120101-experiment-polycarbonate-with-diy-3d-printer.html
http://wpcore.mpf.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/DSC7244-Air-Inlet-Manifold-ls.jpg
http://www.within4walls.co.uk/userfiles/General%20Pages/Copy%20of%20l_67207.jpg
http://www.redeyeondemand.com/images/mTangoPlus.jpg
http://www.sculptcad.com/application/views/photo_gallery/photo_gallery_images/tango_face.jpg
54. Q&AIr Bryan SO Senior ConsultantBiomedical, Optical and
Precision Engineering UnitAutomation Service DivisionHong Kong
Productivity CouncilEmail : [email protected] : +(852)
2788-5548Mobile : +(852) 9389-71335454
