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Building Creative Teams
Motivation Engagement
& Retrospectives
Cara Turner South AfricaAgile Coach | User Group Chairman | Rigorous
Tinkerer
Three sections: The Mechanics
How do we generate new ideas?
Motivation at Work
Rethink the Retro as a creative tool
What is a retrospective?
continuous improvement
goalsSMART
regular
inspect & adapt
collaborativesafe space
gather data insights
actions
How do we generate new ideas?
it's all in the mind
We have ideas all the time…BE
ING
CRE
ATIV
E
Existing neural networks:
Our decision-making framework
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Threat, stress
Things that limit creative thinking
Time
Things that help us let go
imagining the future
novelty
laughter
metaphor
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
playdissonance
Having an idea: Metaphor
Metaphor helps us to:
create language for things we know
instinctively
Dissonance: Force new connections
Create new options
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Having an idea: Imagine the futures
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Visualization is a key skill for creative thinking
Strengthening NetworksBE
ING
CRE
ATIV
E
Experience &
Repetition
Play & Association
Build habit
One good idea creates another
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Innovation is SocialBE
ING
CRE
ATIV
E
Chance favours the connected mind
To generate breakthrough ideas
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Interrupt our existing patterns
Create new patternsincorporating creative thinking
Collaborate to shape and share ideas
Read more…
• James Zull– The Art of Changing the Brain– From Brain to Mind
• John Medina: Brain Rules• Mihaly Czichzentmihaly: Flow• Daniel Kahneman: Thinking, Fast and Slow
BEIN
G C
REAT
IVE
Motivation at Work
Building a creative-supportive work environment
Ingredients for creative thinking
Trust
Engagement
Drive
Bet: how my work will be valued - > what I will share
whether I feel valued - > how I'll collaborate
the value I find in my work+ trust & engagement - > what I’ll invest of myself
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
Demotivation at WorkM
OTI
VATI
ON
Building Trust, Engagement & Drive
Trust: ABCD
Engagement: SCARF
Drive: AMP’d
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
Trust: ABCD
Ken Blanchard - ABCD Trust Model™ “The Foundations”
Connected
Able
Dependable
Believable
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
what I will share
Engagement: SCARF
David Rock SCARF Model: “Comfort”
Autonomy
Fairness
Status
Relatedness
Certainty
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
how I'll collaborate
Drive: AMP
Autonomy
Mastery
Purpose
Daniel Pink Drive:“AMP’d & Ready to Go”
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
what I’ll invest of myself
Trust, Engagement & Drive• Intrinsically motivated• Collaborative• Skilled team• Ripe for Creativity
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
How do you get that?M
OTI
VATI
ON
Use the Retrospective…
Trust
Able
Believable
Connected
Dependable
Engagement
Status
Certainty
Autonomy
Relatedness
Fairness
Drive
Autonomy
Mastery
Purpose
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
Self motivating team
TrustAblegrow skills
Believableattainable goals
Connectedshared adventure
Dependableshow up, participate
EngagementStatuscelebrate improvements
Certaintyset target, measure success
Autonomychoose how
Relatednesscontribute; share adventure
Fairnessparticipate, attainable
DriveAutonomychoose challenges
Masteryunderstanding, improvements, skills
Purposeclear target, team benefit
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
Read more…
• Daniel Pink: Drive• David Rock: Your Brain At Work• Ken Blanchard: Trust Works• Patrick Lencioni: The 5 Dysfunctions of a Team• Edward Deci: Why We Do What We Do
MO
TIVA
TIO
N
Rethink the Retro
as a creative tool
Evolution of the Retrospective
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Inspecting and Adapting 1.0Telling our stories
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Inspecting and Adapting 2.0
Close
Explore information, insights and ideas about the topic
Narrow the focus, valuable & practical,
clarify actions
DivergentOpen Convergent
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Understanding, Collaboration, Facilitation
Inspecting and Adapting 2.0
Agile Retrospectives – Esther Derby & Diana Larson 2006
Set the Scene
Close the Retrospective
Gather Data
Generate Insights
Decide what to do
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Understanding, Collaboration, Facilitation
Inspecting and Adapting 3.0
Make the retro a tinkering space
Play
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Create our stories
Inspecting and Adapting 3.0RE
TRO
SPEC
TIVE
S
ComplexitySystems thinkingDesign thinking
Innovationetc...
Develop fluency and flexibility
Make the retro a tinkering space
“Retro-Spective”
Where (some of) the data is
Looking back…..
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
The Agile Principle
“At regular intervals the team
reflects on how to become more effective
then tunes and adjusts its behaviour accordingly”
- The Agile Manifesto
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
What if: we make future our focus?RE
TRO
SPEC
TIVE
S
“By [implementing our goal] we expect [this result]”
What we’ll see if we’re right
/ What we’ll see if we’re wrong
(Pass conditions)
(Fail conditions)
Write a Goal hypothesis
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
The Future (1) Explicit Bets
[review results]
What could we do to make this happen?
How can we prepare?
Resilience
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
The Future (2) Imagine the Futures
What could we do if this happens?
The Future (3) Getting Really Creative
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES Ideate
ValidateEvaluate
Elaborate
Creative Thinking Format
Ideate
Select
Open
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Activities you can try
IdeatoonsFalse Faces Forced Connection
Body storming Product Box
Lego
Ritual Dissent
Lean canvasEmpathy Map
Improv
IDEOMatrix
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
CombininationsPerspective shift
DissonanceImagination Visualization
What does that look like?RE
TRO
SPEC
TIVE
S
Open: Improv
Stories: Accept and Build
Improv Story
Improv Drawing
“Yes, and…”
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Seeding
Ideate: Generate ideas
• Ideatoons• False Faces• Forced Connection
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Ideate
State the challengeClarify the frame
Shift the thinking perspectiveReassess what we knowDraw new connections
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Ideate: Ideatoons
List attributes
State challenge Need more ice cream
Draw symbols
Ice cream delivery service Instant ice creamSend ice-cream to a loved-one Sweet mix that you mix & freeze instantly
hungry delivery urgency
love packaging cold
sweet
Experiment with combinations
hungry delivery urgency
love packaging cold
sweet
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
delivery love packagingcoldsweet
Ideate: False faces
List assumptions
How could the world be different for the reverse to be true?
Reverse (write in the negative)
We send a build twice per sprint
“We don’t send a build twice / sprint”
Only send one build / sprint
We could change our sprint length & send one build per sprint
State challenge Client reprioritizes then loses touch with planning
-> Sprint length is three weeks
Client could build on demand –> upload changes to a central server
Prioritizing new work delays planned work
Send multiple builds / sprint
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Elaborate: Try ideas out
• Body Storming• Lego• Product Box
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Elaborate: Body storming
Surfaces tacit assumptions
Act out an interaction with the product
Experiential Prototyping
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Capture as you go
Overall shape of the ideaQuestions to answer
Validate
• Empathy Map• Ritual Dissent / Play the Critic• Lean Canvas
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Validate: Empathy Map
Surfaces incorrect assumptions & hidden opportunities
Flesh out the detail; picture the future
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Evaluate
• IDEO - Feasibility• SAFE / BOLD
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
EvaluateRE
TRO
SPEC
TIVE
S
ValidateElaborate
Creative Thinking Format
Ideate
Select
Open
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES Evaluate
Retrospectives 3.0
Focus on Play rather than problems
Focus on Ideas rather than analyses
Focus on the Future rather than the past
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
Read more…
• Michael Michalko: Thinkertoys• Patricia Ryan Madson: Improv Wisdom• Dave Gray: Gamestorming• Edward De Bono: How to Have Creative Ideas• Esther Derby & Diana Larson: Agile Retrospectives• Jean Tabaka: Collaboration Explained• Norm Kerth: Project Retrospectives
• facilitatingagility.com - tastycupcakes.com innovationgames.com - retromat.com
RETR
OSP
ECTI
VES
So what does all this mean?
To change our futures
in a motivating environment
have a practical play structure
supporting creative thinking
and create our own stories…
to Linda Rising
whose talks at Agile India 2013
inspired this talk
Book: Fearless ChangePatterns for Introducing New
Ideas
special thanks
Cara TurnerCape Town, South
Africa
Get in Touch
projectcodeX.co sugsa.org.za
twitter: @cara_fayefacilitatingagility.comslideshare.net/carafaye
Creative geniuses do not wait for the gifts of chance;
instead, they actively seek the accidental discovery.
- Michael Michalko