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Radisys experts Todd Mersch, Renuka Bhalerao and Eric Greorgy use this webinar to discuss the technical challenges when delivering LTE Evolved Packet Core network equipment from highly scalable network elements to providing the entire network in a small form factor. This includes scalability, performance, and key trade-offs when going to a compact network approach versus separate, distinct network elements.
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1 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Welcome!
April 12
Deploying LTE Small Cells: Interference
Mitigation Solutions
May 17
Building EPC Systems
June 14
The LTE Service Layer
July 12
End-to-end QoS in LTE
Real Implementation Challenges
of LTE Network Equipment:
Exploring the Trade-offs and
Solutions
To register for the remaining webinars:
http://go.radisys.com/LTE-Webinar-Series.html
2 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Building EPC Systems From Highly Scalable to Converged Systems
Speakers:
Todd Mersch, Director Product Line Management
Eric Gregory, Director Product Line Management
Renuka Bhalerao, Principal Architect
May 17, 2012
3 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Today‟s Agenda
Market Dynamics
LTE EPC – All-IP-based Capacity Storm
Delivering Highly Scalable EPC Equipment
Shrinking the Network for Specialized Deployments
Q & A
Summary / Wrap-Up
4 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Evolved Packet Core Policy Control Radio Access Network IMS
Application
Server Media
Resource
Function
IP
Multimedia
Subsystem
Internet
Policy &
Charging
Routing
Function
Policy &
Charging
Enforcement
Function
Mobility
Management
Entity
LTE Security
Gateway
Serving
Gateway
Packet
Gateway
eNodeB
User
Equipment
Macro Small Cells
60+ Customer Wins
Audio Video Conf
~65% Market Share
10G 40G ATCA
~40% ATCA Market Share
Dumb Smart Pipes
Traffic Management
End-to-End LTE Infrastructure From Radio Access to Media Processing
Home eNodeB
User
Equipment
5 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Technology to Drive Wireless Disruption, Service Monetization Mired in Uncertainty
Global survey of mobile operators
to get decision-maker insights
Devices continue to drive change
among subscribers & operators
VoLTE is seen as necessary but
not a top priority
Small Cells and Wi-Fi offload
provide a capacity boost
LTE Advanced will bring improved
spectrum efficiency & lower costs
FDD & TDD will both succeed, but
not yet clear how they will coexist
6 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Radisys in the Core Network
Radisys is in the core: from ASN gateways to EPC to DPI, Radisys
ATCA & Trillium software is everywhere.
In order to drive revenue, operators need affordable ways to
increase capacity
• Operators are focused on making their networks faster and more efficient
• Looking for solutions to ease network capacity pressure
Beyond simply keeping up with traffic, operators need new, more
dynamic, application-based revenue models to prepare for the future
• Application development is moving fast and operators need to keep up
In order to monetize growing data demand, operators need to
increase capacity, reduce expenditures and bring new
applications to market – now
7 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Today‟s Agenda
Market Dynamics
LTE EPC: All-IP-based Capacity Storm
Delivering Highly Scalable EPC Equipment
Shrinking the Network for Specialized Deployments
Q & A
Summary / Wrap-Up
8 Radisys Corporation Confidential
LTE EPC Challenges
Efficiency is a Must
UMTS has Delivered (Finally)!
• At UMTS launch, the entire discussion was around the “killer app”
• The killer app, as hoped, is streaming media
• But the “killer app” turned out to be a network killer as the market tries to
figure out how to monetize all the applications
– OR how to reduce operational costs
Turning to LTE, discussions have been about efficiency
• Cost per bit
• Spectral Efficiency (Subs per MHz)
• Quality of Service / Quality of Experience
• Higher densities
However, the focus to date on LTE has been about delivering higher
throughputs in the access network
• The discussion now needs to shift to the core of the network
9 Radisys Corporation Confidential
EPC Network Architecture
• NAS & anchoring HO signaling, authentication, paging, radio bearer management, embedded HSS, PCRF
MME functions
• Route and forward user packets,
• User plane mobility anchor for HO S-GW functions
• Point of exit and entry of traffic between UEs and external PDNs, PCEF P-GW functions
10 Radisys Corporation Confidential
LTE by the Numbers
Performance Characteristic EPC Impact
Significantly increased peak data rates
100Mbps DL, 50Mbps UL High throughput packet processing
Improved spectrum efficiency
Up to 4X compared to UMTS
Better RAN efficiency = faster saturation
of EPC capacity
Reduced round-trip latency
< 100ms control, <5 ms data
Real-time applications (e.g., online
gaming)
High speed control and data plane
processing for mobile internet
experience
Scalable bandwidth
1.25MHz – 20MHz compared to UMTS
5MHz
High throughput,
low latency packet processing
Compatibility with earlier systems
SAE supports Inter-RAT hand-offs UMTS
& CDMA2000
Control plane demands for managing
HO / states across multiple domains.
EPC Performance Key to
Delivering the Promise of LTE
Data throughput: ~200
Gbps
Data sessions: ~5 million
Signaling rate: 100k
transactions/sec
11 Radisys Corporation Confidential
LTE EPC - Smart Network Flat, Scalable and Secure
All IP backbone, simple network architecture
High speed and low latency but also address capacity requirements
• So make sure the networks are not underbuilt and over utilized anymore
Significant signaling load with large number of bandwidth hungry,
dynamic sessions
Nature of data traffic is „always on‟ with support for dynamic session
management due to mobility, coverage etc.
• Voice and data traffic on the same IP backbone
Widespread use of DPI expected for dynamic traffic management and
policy control and effective applications support
Growing need for IPsec and access aggregation for the HetNet era
Future Proof: Not only the high speed user data but rapidly multiplying
M2M connections
12 Radisys Corporation Confidential
ABCs of Building EPC Systems
Carrier-grade platforms
Purpose built, Multi-core, multi
processor
HW
Specialized accelerators
Standards- Compliant SW
-well tested
-IOT’d and field deployed
Highly Scalable
EPC
Systems
13 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Today‟s Agenda
Evolved Packet Core Requirements & Market Drivers
LTE EPC: All-IP-based Capacity Storm
Delivering Highly Scalable EPC Equipment
Shrinking the Network for Specialized Deployments
Q & A
Summary / Wrap-Up
14 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Anatomy of an EPC System
MME Application
Ready Platform
OS Networking Stack
SGW/PGW Application Ready Platform
Packet
Processor
Operating System
Chassis &
Shelf Mgr Compute Switch
IPMI commands, firmware, BIOS, etc.
L2HA Network Health Checking
SAF AIS Application API
eGTPv1/eGTPv2
(Gn, S5, S11, S4)
NAS, S1 AP, Diameter
(S10, S6a)
Storage,
AMCs, etc.
HA Management
Hardware Software Application Third Party Products
Legend
APIs
Sys
tem
Ma
nag
em
en
t Fast Path User Plane
GTP-u, IPv4, IPv6, IPSeC
- System integration
over purpose-built HW
- Scalable model with a
blade level architecture
15 Radisys Corporation Confidential
EPC Platform Building Blocks
T40 Platform
Management
40G System Redundancy
Investment Protection & Scalability
Upgraded ePCs will need to
get to market rapidly to deliver
expected cost efficiencies
Increased SW content can help
decrease TTM
Single Point Integration
Centralized software
upgrades
Centralized diagnostics
Extensible framework for
TEMs to include their own
customer sensors or
watchdogs
System integration
of Hub, Node and
Chassis
Important with new
high speed
technologies
Redundancy is a pre-
requisite for telecom
environments
Switch redundancy
Application redundancy
Investments made in
10G platform carry
forward to 40G
TEMs need to scale
down to meet new
application req‟s (i.e.,
public safety)
16 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Leveraging Bladed Systems
Intel CPU boards running Trillium LTE
Control Plane Framework
NPU packet processing boards running fastpath
data plane SW
Functions hosted on CPU:
• For MME: Mobility management, authentication & key management, location services interfaces, handover interworking to 2 & 3G circuit switched & packet systems, subscriber profile interfaces
• For PGW & SGW: Control plane logic, OAM, billing, PCC / PCRF interfaces
Functions hosted on NPU:
• For PGW & SGW: User / bearer plane packet processing & forwarding, traffic shaping & QoS Management, packet counters & statistics
17 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Scalability
Large Scale Deployment
• 3 x 14-slot Chassis
• Full Chassis for MME
• 12x CPU board
• Full Chassis for S G/W
• 10x NPU boards
• 2x CPU boards for OAM/Billing
• Full Chassis for P G/W
• 10x NPU boards
• 2x CPU boards for OAM/Billing
Small Scale Deployment
• 1x 2 slot chassis
• MME and Control
• 1x CPU
• P G/W + S G/W
• 1x NPU
• Ideal for specialized apps (Defense, Rural, etc)
18 Radisys Corporation Confidential
40G = Reduced Cost / Bit
ATCA 10G System
• Loaded with 12x NPU
• Support for 108,000 video sessions
• Cost -> $0.93 per session
ATCA 40G System – Matching Density
• 4x NPUs and higher throughput 40G switch
• Support for 108,000 video sessions
• Cost -> $0.52 per session
ATCA 40G System – High Density
• 12x NPUs and higher throughput 40G switch
• Support for 320,000 video sessions
• Cost -> $0.41 per session
ATCA 40G Delivers a Cost-Effective EPC
19 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Linkage Between 3G and LTE
If architectures were planned appropriately then
adding LTE to the core network may be as easy as a
software upgrade
• MME + SGSN
• SGW / PGW + GGSN
This leads to a couple of divergent conclusions
• It should be fairly easy to create a multi-function core
network device
– The upgraded platforms may not have the bandwidth to keep up with
two different access technologies – one of which significantly
increases bandwidth
– ATCA is ideal to help with the scalability aspect
20 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Advanced Features Competitive Differentiation
Traffic Optimization
• Traffic shaping, traffic mgmt, Lawful Intercept, data caching
Specialized traffic offload services
• Small cells,
• IOG
• Wi-Fi offload
Aggregation services (edge / access GW)
• Support high number of base stations in various forms (HetNet)
Load Balancer
•Multi-blade solution needs an efficient load balancing to effectively utilize resources in each blade
•Maintains affinity of flow to a given blade in a scalable system
•A central entity that is responsible for moving traffic away from failed blades in a redundant system
21 Radisys Corporation Confidential
POLL Question
How do you plan to provide EPC functionality to your
customers?
A. Separate 3G & LTE products on existing
hardware platform
B. Separate 3G & LTE products on upgraded
hardware platform
C. Combined 3G & LTE products on existing
hardware platform
D. Combined 3G & LTE products on upgraded
hardware platform
22 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Today‟s Agenda
Evolved Packet Core Requirements & Market Drivers
LTE EPC: All-IP-based Capacity Storm
Delivering Highly Scalable EPC Equipment
Shrinking the Network for Specialized Deployments
Q & A
Summary / Wrap-Up
23 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Early Realization
Smarter (and smaller) is better when it comes to
Network in a box applications for niche markets
Full capacity and function at the network edge
Enables increased access at Low Cost
Where is the need for it
Near Field Communications
Public Safety
Aerospace, defense
Developing economies & rural deployment
Greenfield deployments
24 Radisys Corporation Confidential
LTE On Battlefield
Need for Platoon-level communications
• Based in Humvee or man-wearable
• Size, weight and power constraints
• Limited or no backhaul connections
• eNB & EPC running on COM Express module with carrier card for air interface
• Humvee is “self contained” 4G Network
Challe
nge
Solu
tion
Computer on Module (COM) Express: Mobile, low power,
small form factor, ruggedized, extended temperature
Rackmount Server: High performance image processing,
long-life solutions
25 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Drivers Of Converged LTE Network
Standards- based
Solution
Complete Functionality with Access at the Edge
Converged functions in a small FF
Size, Weight and
power constraints
Secure ALL IP backbone
26 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Form Factor Flexibility
Secure Small Scale Field Computing / Communications Element
• COM Express in a vehicle digital backbone
Battlefield Computing / Communications Solution (optimal)
• Small Scale (COM Express + LTE Radio)
Secure Medium / Large Scale Computing / Comms Element
• ATCA Systems: 2 slot or 6 slot Chassis options
Large Scale (6-slot ATCA w/ Virtualization SW + CNE + MS + SEG)
• Integrated End to End Communications
• Secure Small Scale Field Computing / Communications Element +
Medium / Large Scale Computing / Communications Element +
partner components
27 Radisys Corporation Confidential
LTE Converged Network: EPC In a Box
UDP
eGTP-u
IP
Data Plane
IP (IP Sec)
SCTP
S1-AP
Control Plane
Control Plane
MME, SGW/PGW. HSS APPLICATION
Data Plane
APPLICATION
System
Mgmt
IP
UDP
eGTP-c
IP
SCTP
Diameter
IP RLC
MAC
eGTP SCTP
S1AP
TUCL
RRC eNB
Data App
Convergence Layer
eNodeB
PDCP
EPC
eNB Application (RRM, SON, Timing)
OA
&M
(T
R69/T
R196)
PHY
EUTRA
+
COM Express
(Computer on Module)
Custom Carrier
(Application-specific Carrier Board)
= Complete EPC in
a Box
28 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Converged EPC Requirements – Performance – Tradeoffs
Category Supported
Platform Small FF (non-ATCA), easy to
install, mobile (on a vehicle)
Power
Consumption 150 – 200W
Number of users
supported 100 – 1000 connected
Data Throughput Up to 14+ Mbps per user
Driving Requirements
• High degree of robustness, reliability and availability
• Better network resource management (guaranteed QoS, traffic engineering)
• Ease of installation and upgrade
• Ability to enable new applications like VoIP, OTT
• Future-proof investment
Optimizations
• Local function for HSS and
Policy management
• No traditional redundancy
requirements
• Limited HO and inter RAT
interaction
• No Billing and charging in
some scenarios
29 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Complexities of Architecting Converged EPC
•Need to maintain external interfaces with HSS, PCRF
•Self-contained database/policy when backhaul is unavailable
•Can be scaled up as needed with additional HW components
•Maintain required QoS level for subs and related applications
•Ability to direct best possible resources to highest priority users, e.g. in disaster situations
•Redundancy support at chassis and geo level (1:1 for control plane, load balance for user plane)
•Small FF, lower power consumption
•Ruggedized for outdoors
•Easy to transport & setup at disaster sites
•Self contained OAM to bring up system
•Need for cost-effective solution
•Minimum HW configuration to start with
•Architect the SW functions taking max advantage of platform feature set
Converged Functions
Small Footprint
Easy installation
Minimum external control
Standards- based
Interoperable, extendable
Stable & Robust
Maintain QoS
30 Radisys Corporation Confidential
POLL Question
What market will deploy the most network-in-a-box
solutions?
A. Aerospace & Defense
B. Public Safety
C. Rural / Emerging Markets
D. Other
31 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Unmatched Products & Expertise
Embedded
Wireless
Infrastructure
Solutions
Conclusion
EPC Opportunity • Highly-scalable core networks
• Single system for specialized deployment
Challenges & Opportunities • Delivering lower cost / bit = 40G
• Enabling scalability in small footprint
Strategic focus on LTE • Complete EPC solutions
• Scalable = COM Express, Appliance,
ATCA
32 Radisys Corporation Confidential
Q&A
Contact us!
Todd Mersch
Eric Gregory
Renuka Bhalerao
For more information on our products, visit:
www.radisys.com/
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