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Building Mobile Masterpiece with Distributed Agile
Weerasak (Wee) Witthawaskul
October 22, 2013
First, thanks to…
! @weera for making the meetup possible
! Agile66 Facebook page
! Geeky Base for location and facility
! And all of you, curious smart minds
Who am I?
Who am I?
Why should you listen to me?
! You already know agile and want to know
how I adopted distributed agile
! You want to know why mobile development
has more challenges than web development
! How you can apply agility to your projects
Case Study
Morningstar for iPad
! Portfolio management and
financial research app
! Shipped in September 2013
! Top 10 in Finance free app in
US store as of October 2013
Demo time
Project History
! Initiated in 2011 as an incubator project to experiment and
complement morningstar.com's user experience using
tablets
! The company already had smartphone apps on iPhone,
Android, Blackberry from a China team
! I joined the company in April 2011 as the first Chicago
developer
! Zero professional experience with mobile, how to start?
Initial Observations • Management buy-‐in to use Agile methods
• Young, energetic team
• Lack of process & automation
• UI Design work was not in the same sprints
• Ambitious cross platform architecture
• Lack of OO Design & Clean Code discipline
Action Items
• Communication, communication, communication
• Architectural and Process Analysis
• Continuous Integration Setup
• Product, Design and Development Sprint Alignment
• Agile Practice Training & TDD
Tools
• JIRAs for distributed team whiteboards
• Jenkins for automated build & deployment
• TestFlight for iOS app internal distribution
Build Pipeline – iOS Client
Client code checkins
Unit Test Build
Main Build TestFlight
UI Automation Build
Automated User Acceptance Tests
Build Pipeline – Server
Server code checkins
Unit Test Build Main Build
Sanity Test Builds with SoapUI
Internal Dev Server
Stable Dev Server
Manual deploy
Auto deploy
Continuous Integration
• Morningstar app for iPad
– 7,300+ (client) and 2,600+ (server) commits
– 4,000+ automated iPad builds & deployments
– 1,000+ automated server builds & deployments
– Code checkins à Test builds à Deploy builds
10/22/13 Mobile Solutions Development Team 15
Past Internal Environments
10/22/13 Mobile Solutions
Development Team 16
Build & Auto Deploy
Dev Server
iOS Devices
OK OK OK
Build & Auto Deploy
Build & Auto Deploy
Manual 1-‐click Deploy
Stable Dev Server
Current Environments Build & Auto
Deploy
Dev Server
iOS Devices
Build & Auto Deploy
Build & Auto Deploy
Manual 1-‐click Deploy with approval Stable Dev Server
QA Server
Staging Server Live
Server
Test Driven Development • Client – 400+ Classes, 72,000+ LOC, 160+ XIBs
– 600+ Unit Tests
– GHUnit for testing, OCMock for mocking
– User Acceptance Testing • Behavior Driven Test with Frank (retired)
• Apple UIAutomation (under development)
10/22/13 Mobile Solutions Development Team 18
Test Driven Development
• Server – 230+ classes, 20K+ LOC
– 180+ test classes, 20K+ LOC
– 86% line coverage
– 65% conditionals coverage
– JUnit for testing
– JMockIt for mocking
10/22/13 Mobile Solutions Development Team 19
Full Stack Mobile Development
• Concurrent client (iPad) and server (Java) development
• Multi-‐version support
• Client or server logic
• Skillsets
Evolving Architectures
Request/Response
Async Server-‐side Publish/Subscribe
Client-‐side Publish/Subscribe
Past Present Future
Gateway Architecture
Morningstar iPad app
Login
MorningstarMobile Server
Portfolio API
Others
HTML pages
REST/JSON over HTTPS
UIWebView over HTTPS
Apple iTunes In App Purchase
Reusable Components
Popover with bottom fade
effect
Securities labels with ratings
Security Charts
Publish/Subscribe Architecture
Each row subscribes to its security object
When the app receives updates to a security object, all subscribers get latest data and
update views
User taps to see mini-‐quote
Based on Event subscription/notification from NSNotificationCenter
Internal Features
• Feature Toggles
• Internal Server Connection
• “Shake” Feedback
• Logging & Performance Monitoring
Feature Toggles • Allow us to experiment with new features
• Can be used to enable/disable features based on context
10/22/13 Mobile Solutions Development Team
RESTful APIs
• Since we cannot control published app
customer upgrades*, we have to make sure
the server supports multiple client app
versions, different locales, multiple products.
– REST with JSON over HTTPS
– Cacheability, CDN friendly (Akamai/Varnish)
RESTful API Examples • HTTPS GET/PUT/POST/DELETE/OPTIONS
• Endpoint convention
– Format: https://{dns}/{ServicePrefix}/{resources}
– ServicePrefix
• /service/1.0/locales/en-‐US/products/RT/
– REST resources
• /securities/USA:MORN/news
• /securities/USA:MORN/quotes
• /securities/USA:MORN/info
• Example
– GET https://mobileservice.morningstar.com/service/1.0/locales/en-‐US/products/
RT/securities/USA:MORN/news
Standard Data Formats • “Glue” between client/server
• Standard formats for Security,
Holding, Portfolio, News etc.
• Reusable parsers
• JSON data types
• DateTime in UTC (ISO8601)
• Regardless of data formats from
different data sources, mobile
server and app share one
common format
Async I/O Promise<HttpResponse>, WS.getAsync and Promise.waitAll
Server Security Data Portfolio API CMS
Async calls Chained of HTTP
response Promises
waitAll
transform & serialize results
Thread yield
Launch Results
• Public launched on Sep 16, 2013
• 5,000 app downloads in 1 week
• 1M web service calls in 1 week; 4M calls in 3
weeks
• Average web service response time is ~712ms
Rome was not built in a day • Agile is more a guideline. Mix & match for your team
• Focus on working software
• Iterate, iterate and iterate
• Internal feedback is good; external feedback is great
• Deadline vs Feature dilemma
• Continual improvements and releases are key to
improve user engagement & satisfaction
First release is just the beginning Creating masterpiece is the end goal
Thanks & Questions? @_wee_
