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Chapter 6Teaching with
Multimedia and Hypermedia
By: Tim Bryant, Steve Compton, Jo Summers
Objectives
Define multimedia and hypermedia from historic and current perspectives.
Evaluate the quality and capabilities of a commercial multimedia/hypermedia product.
Describe resources and skills required for multimedia/hypermedia authoring.
Objectives cont.
Use an authoring system to develop a product that meets visual, navigational, and instructional criteria.
Design lesson activities appropriate for each kind of hypermedia product.
Introduction to Multimedia and
Hypermedia Computer-based multimedia
learning stations have been used since 1966.
Noncomputer multimedia have been around even longer.
Look at current electronic media and its companion concept, hypermedia.
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia: How Do They Differ? Multimedia means “multiple media”
or “a combination of media.” Still pictures, sound, motion video,
animation, and/or text items combined.
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia: How Do They Differ? cont. Hypermedia means “linked
media” or interactive media.” Information stored in various media
are connected (often via the Internet).
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Types of Hypermedia Systems Come in a variety of hardware,
software, and media configurations. Classified according to their primary
storage equipment such as interactive videodiscs (IVDs), CD-ROMs (compact disc-read-only memory) and digital versatile discs (DVDs).
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Types of Hypermedia Systems cont. Commercial hypermedia software
packages. Authoring tools:
Presentation software Video production and editing systems Hypermedia authoring systems Virtual reality (VR) systems
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Current and Future Impact of Hypermedia on Education Increased motivation Flexible learning modes Development of creative and critical
thinking skills Improved writing and process skills
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Impact of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems cont. Increased learner control is more
useful to higher ability students. Learner style helps determine which hypermedia features are effective in various learning environments.
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Design and Use of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems Stemeler (1997) reviewed findings on
various characteristic that could have an impact on the potential effectiveness of these systems.
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Research on the Design and Use of Multimedia and Hypermedia Systems cont.Instructional design
Color
Screen design Graphics
Interaction and feedback
Animation
Navigation Audio
Learner control Video
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia cont.
Recent Developments in Hypermedia Systems The “vanishing videodisc” Convergence of offline (disc) and
online (Internet) development Increasing ease of use
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages
Instructional Software Tutorials Drill and practice Simulations Instructional games Problem solving
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Interactive Books and ebooks Interactive storybooks for the
younger students and interactive texts for the older students.
ebooks offer greater flexibility than printed texts and are a valuable resource for students and teachers.
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Reference Materials Available on CDs and DVDs with search
engine software added to them to make information easier to attain.
Encyclopedias Almanacs Atlases Newspapers and newsletters Proceeding and other conference materials
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Collections of Development Resources Collecting of clip art, video clips,
sound effects, and photographs are some resources that have been developed and placed on CD-ROM.
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Evaluating Commercial Hypermedia Products Instructional planning and support Instructional design Content Interface design and navigation Feedback and interactivity
Commercial Hypermedia Software Packages cont.
Integration Strategies for Commercial Hypermedia Products Should offer computer based
instruction, resources to support instruction and provide networking and online sources.
Background on Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring Systems Enabled non-technical skilled individuals to
develop their own professional-looking hypermedia products.
Help prepare students for the world of the future.
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring Resources Audio resources Video resources Photos Graphic images Text
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Hardware Requirements for Hypermedia Authoring Computer with keyboard and monitor Digital cameras Scanners Video digitizers Camcorders and other video input Microphones Audio speakers
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Hypermedia Authoring Procedures Review others’ products Do research first Storyboard Develop individual frames and
segments Add links and/or scripts Test and revise the product
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Authoring Skills to Develop over Time Media literacy Using music and art Print design principles Video design principles Creativity and novel thinking Considering the audience
Introduction to Multimedia and Hypermedia Authoring cont.
Evaluating Student-Developed Hypermedia When students create their own
multimedia/hypermedia products, it is suggested that the student self-assess their products. They can do this by using a checklist or rubrics. The teacher can also use these instruments to grade the student projects.
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 1:
Presentation Software
Aid in creating on-screen descriptions, demonstrations and summaries of information.
These tools began as electronic slide shows.
They have now become multimedia authoring tools.
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 1: Presentation Software cont.
Integration Strategies for Presentation Software Support for lectures or presentations of
content Practice screens Assessment screens Brief tutorials Book reports Student-created presentations
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 2: Video
Production and Editing Systems
Introduction to Video Production and Editing Systems Used in schools to produce school
news programs and develop digitized video for use in authoring hypermedia products.
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 2: Video Production and Editing Systems cont.
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 2: Video Production and Editing Systems Demonstrations of procedures Student-created presentations Video lectures Video portfolios Video decision-making/problem-solving
simulations Documenting of school activities Visual literacy instruction Teaching of video production
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 3:
Hypermedia Software
Introduction to Hypermedia Software Tools In the late 1980’s, hypermedia
authoring programs were introduced.
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 3: Hypermedia Software cont.
Integration Strategies for Hypermedia Authoring Software Brief tutorials Student-created presentations Interactive storybooks
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 4: Virtual Reality and Other Immersion
Tools
Introduction to Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools Full immersion systems Web-based Virtual Reality 3-D models QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR)
Multimedia Authoring Tools Type 4: Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools cont.
Integration Strategies for Virtual Reality and Other Immersion Tools Imaging for virtual field trips 3-D models to illustrate how systems
work Immersion learning environments for
practice and exploration