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www.cengage.com/cj/siegel
Larry J. Siegel
Valerie Bell • University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
Chapter FourChoice Theory:
Because They Want To
• Development of Rational Choice Theory– Classical Criminology – Thinking About Crime
• James Q. Wilson
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice– Evaluating the Risks of Crime– Offense-Specific Crime– Offender-Specific Crime
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice– Structuring Criminality
• Economic need/opportunity• Evaluating personal traits and experience• Criminal expertise
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Concepts of Rational Choice– Structuring Crime
• Choosing the place of crime• Choosing targets
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Is Crime Rational?– Is theft rational?– Is drug use rational?– Can violence be rational?
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Why Do People Commit Crime?– Edgework– Seductions of crime
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime– Situational Crime Prevention
• Criminal acts will be avoided if:– potential targets are carefully guarded– the means to commit crime are controlled– potential offenders are carefully monitored
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime– Crime Prevention Strategies
• Increase the effort needed to commit crime• Increase the risk of committing crime• Reduce rewards of crime• Induce guilt: increase crime• Reduce provocation• Remove excuses
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Controlling Crime– The Costs and Benefits of Situational Crime
Prevention• Hidden benefits• Hidden costs
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• General Deterrence– Perception and Deterrence– Certainty of Punishment
• Police and Certainty of Punishment– Severity of Punishment– Swiftness of Punishment
• Interrelationship of factors
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• General Deterrence– Critique of General Deterrence
• Rationality• System effectiveness• Some offenders – and some crimes – are more
“deterrable” than others
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Specific Deterrence– The view that criminal sanctions should be so
powerful that offenders will never repeat their criminal acts.
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Incapacitation– Incapacitation Effect
• Incarceration• Recidivism
– Can Incapacitation Reduce Crime?
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Can Incapacitation Reduce Crime?– Incapacitation Effect
• Incarceration• Recidivism
Choice Theory: Because They Want To
• Policy Implications of Choice Theory– Highly Visible Police Patrols – “Three Strikes and You’re Out” – Death Penalty
Choice Theory: Because They Want To