Coastal Landforms

ProcessesLandforms

Impact on peopleManagement by people

Rotational landslip

Created by the structure of the rocks in the cliff

Needs to have permeable rock sitting above impermeable rock.

Permeable rock

Impermeable rock

Water can infiltrate

Water cannot infiltrate

Water builds upFriction between the rock layers is reduced.

A slip zone is created

Rotational landslip

Label the photograph to explain how the landslip has been caused

Permeable rock

Impermeable rock

Water can infiltrate

Water cannot infiltrate

Water builds up

Friction between the rock layers is reduced.

A slip zone is created

Extension:Explain how abrasion at the cliff base/foot could speed up this process.Explain the hazards that these processes could cause.

Longshore Drift

Foreshore Pebbles and sediment moved

onto beach

Pebbles and sediment moved back down the

beach

Pebbles and sediment moved

onto beach

Pebbles and sediment moved back down the

beach

Pebbles and sediment moved

onto beach

Impacts of people at the coast – what’s this got to do with erosion?

Managing tourist activities – can you explain some different options?

Choose four of these and explain how each one would help manage/control tourist activities.

Create a Site of Special Scientific Interest of Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and control how land is used and how and where building are placed.

Limit the number of people who can visit a particular area of the coast.

Have footpaths to control where people can walk, with clear signposts

Fence off areas to prevent people walking across or accessing them.

Build a visitors centre with a car park, to control where people can visit, and provide them with information and educational material.

Control access to certain times of the year.

Managing the Coastline

Beach nourishment

Groynes Planting vegetation

Rip rap

Beach Artificially add beach material to reduce impact of erosion.

Catch sand and pebbles carried by longshore drift, and reduce erosion.

Break up the power of waves and reduce erosion.

Break up the power of waves and reduce erosion.

Hold the beach or cliff together with plant roots.

Hard or Soft?

Beach nourishment

Groynes Planting vegetation

Rip rap

HARD

HARD

HARD

SOFT

Hard or Soft?

Remove management and let the coastline flood and erode.

For an area that has suffered from a river flood:

Name the area:

Describe how the flood affected different groups of people:

Explain the causes of the flood:

UK Floods 2012 (River Exe; River Cam; River Avon; River Severn)

Motorists

Homeowners

Farmers

Emergency Services

Rainfall

Building on flood plains

Global Warming and Climate Change

East to West

Philippines, Viernam, Laos

Pacific Ocean, South China Sea

Depression, Storm, Typhoon, Storm

118-165 km per hour

Warm water at the equator, where sun’s heat is concentrated – a key ingredient for such a low pressure to form.

DeathsHigh in PhilippinesLow in Cambodia

Compared toDifferentlyIn comparison In contrastWhereasNevertheless, SimilarlyOverall,

DamageHigh in VietnamLow in Cambodia

OtherHomelessness – High in Philippines, Low in CambodiaEvacuation not homelessness in Vietnam.

FloodingImpermeable surfacesLack of drainageHigh population densityRapid population growth

Impact of Quality of LifeEnvironment

Health

Work

SewageContaminated waterRotting materials

Lack of clean waterDisease spread easily

People can’t get around easilyPeople can’t go to workWorkplaces damaged and closed.

Quality of life will be reduced.

Stretch and ChallengeDescribe and explain methods for controlling river flooding (refer to rivers you have studied).

Hard management Soft Management

Weirs

Concrete Walls and Banks

Dams

Water meadows

Managed retreat