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What are video games?
• A video game refers to any interactive content played by electronically manipulating images produced by any computer program or application on any display. display. – Mobile & Tablet Games
– Web Games
– Console Games
– PC Games.
2Walid Sassi
A Brief History of Game Technology
1972 Pong (hardware)
1980 Zork (high level interpretted language)
1993 DOOM (C)
1998 Unreal (C++, Java-style scripting)
2005-6 Xbox 360, PlayStation 3with 6-8 hardware threads
2009 Next console generation. Unification of the CPU, GPU. Massive multi-core, data parallelism, etc.
3Walid Sassi
Production
• Game Design
• Game Art
• Programming
• Audio
Game Genre. Design Documents. The content and the rules of the game. Describe what the game what looks like and acts like.
• Audio
• QA
Game EngineGameplay programmingAI ProgrammingGraphics Programming
like and acts like. Game design is very critical and require experience and knowledge.
5Walid Sassi
•Game Designers
•Programmers
•Artists
•Scriptwriters
SOME ROLES WITHIN GAMES
•Scriptwriters
•Audio Engineers
•Animators
•Testers
•Producers
6Walid Sassi
•Designers develop the game concept and
decide what the player gets to do as well as
GAME DESIGNER
KEY SKILLS: Computing, C# Scripting, KEY SKILLS: Computing, C# Scripting, Creativity,Creativity,
analytical attitude, problem analytical attitude, problem solving and communication solving and communication skillsskills
decide what the player gets to do as well as
the basic story.
•The lead designer defines the gameplay, the
world, story, characters, enemies, controls
and all other game design details.7Walid Sassi
GAME PROGRAMMER
KEY SKILLS: Maths, Physics, KEY SKILLS: Maths, Physics, ComputingComputingC, C++, Assembly, C, C++, Assembly, JavaJava
• Programmers have various roles and specialisms:
• AI (artificial intelligence)• In game physics
• AI (artificial intelligence)
• Engine development
• User interface
• Tools development
• In game physics
• Tools Programming
• Graphics Programming
• Network programming
8Walid Sassi
A look at Engines
• Rendering Engines
– Licensed: C4, XNA; Open Source: Irrlicht, Ogre 3D
• 3D Game Engines
– Unity, UE, ..
• 2D Game Engines• 2D Game Engines
– Game Maker, Torque,..
9Walid Sassi
Game developer needed skills
• Math , Physics
• AI
• Very good programing Skill (C, C++, C#, Java, Lua)
• Graphics (OpenGL, XNA)
• Algorithms • Algorithms
• Data structure
• Networking
• Game engines (Unity, Cocos2d-x,YOYO, …)
• Passion
10Walid Sassi
•Concept artists design the look & style of games
•3D Artists model everything using 3DS Max or Maya. •Color and detail are added with 2D textures (skin) created in Photoshop.•Artists at bigger studios will specialize in:
• Characters, creatures or vehicles
GAME ARTISTS
• Characters, creatures or vehicles
• Environments, buildings, street furniture
• Textures
• User interfaces
• Concept art
• Technical art
KEY SKILLS: Traditional art, 3DS Max/Maya, Photoshop
11Walid Sassi
A games writer’s job can involve:
•Writing the overall story
•Scripting everything the characters say during the game and animated scenes
GAMES WRITER
•Giving characters personality, depth and story arcs.
•Auditioning and coaching/directing the voice actors
KEY SKILLS: English Language/Literature, Scriptwriting
12Walid Sassi
Musicians create the game’s soundtrack.
This can include everything from music and speech through to sound effects such as footsteps, gunshots or explosions as well as crowd noise, cars and rain.
AUDIO ENGINEER/MUSICIAN
They also audition and record voice actors as well as composing, recording and mixing music.
KEY SKILLS: Music, traditional and digital
13Walid Sassi
Games Animators set up games characters for animation (rigging) and design how everything moves. An animation must be created for everything every
ANIMATORS
KEY SKILLS: Traditional art, 3DS Max/Maya, Acting
An animation must be created for everything every character and creature does in a game.
• Body movements and hand gestures
• Facial animator - expressions and lip synching
• Cut scene animator
• Motion capture animator
• Rigger 14Walid Sassi
•The Producer ensures the game is on time and on budget. •They liaise between the publisher and developers and make sure that the team are making a good quality game.
GAMES PRODUCER
making a good quality game.
•Producers often present and promote the game to the media.
KEY SKILLS: Management, people skills, Agile/Scrum
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Quality Assurance Tester
• Creates test plan, manages bug database
• Looks for crashes, typos, and other bugs
• Compatibility testing, customer service.
16Walid Sassi