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What is a headless Drupal?
Drupal Back-end
Drupal Head (Theming)
CLIENT
SERVER
Traditional Drupal stack Runs in Headless Drupal
Drupal Back-end
Client Apps
Drupal API
Why headless Drupal?
● Installation is easier to maintain (no rendering to take care of)● Due to that, performance is much better● Easier to work with different teams
Because client-side frontend frameworks are the future of the web
Also it comes with some advantages:
Clients that could use the API:● Other Drupal sites● Mobile apps● Flash components● Other servers and services● Internet of things
How to create the API?
● Drupal community provides four major solutions.
● Views Datasource● You don't need any code at all● Configured by UI● … but very limited.
● RestWS● REST Web Services● Contrib in D7, in core in D8● Wrappers EntityAPI
How to create the API? (II)
● Restful● Newest in town● Best practices for security, performance and usability● Extremely developer oriented (site builders, go away)
● Services● Framework for creating custom API's● Introduces endpoints, key for creating custom paths● Ships with basic entities resources created.● Allows create other server such as SOAP.● Lots of extensions: views, rules, Search API, Authentication...
How to use Services?
● Services module introduces two concepts: endpoints and resources.
● Endpoints● Defines a custom path● Defines authentication mode● Attach resources to them● Exportable
● Resources● CRUD operations● Fixed path pattern for the CRUD operations● Actions: Global (e.g. Solr reindex)● Targeted actions (e.g. publish node)● Relationships (e.g. retrieve comments from node)
Schema of a resource
● CRUD:● Create: POST /endpoint/resource/ + body data● Retrieve: GET /endpoint/resource/id● Update: PUT /endpoint/resource/id + body data● Delete: DELETE /endpoint/resource/id● Index: GET /endpoint/resource/
● Actions: ● POST /endpoint/resource/my_custom_action
● Targeted actions:● POST /endpoint/resource/id/my_targeted_action
●
● Relationships:● GET /endpoint/resource/id/related_content
