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What is a dipole?
A separation of charge created by large differences in Electronegativity.
HF
E.N.= 4.0E.N.= 2.2
Cl Cl
E.N.= 3.14 E.N.= 3.14
Difference is 1.8
Difference is 0
What effect does this have?
Cl Cl
E.N.= 3.14 E.N.= 3.14
None! They both “want” the electrons equally as much
HF
E.N.= 4.0E.N.= 2.2
Fluorine wants the electrons more and so it pulls on them harder than the H
Fluorine pulls harder on the electrons they share
F H
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This means that fluorine develops a partial negative (-) and Hydrogen a partial positive(+)
HF
E.N.= 4.0E.N.= 2.2
-+
